1
|
Wu Y, Shi Z, Liu J, Luo T, Xi F, Zeng Q. Simple fabrication of electrochemical sensor based on integration of dual signal amplification by the supporting electrode and modified nanochannel array for direct and sensitive detection of vitamin B 2. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1352938. [PMID: 38559779 PMCID: PMC10978690 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1352938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Development of simple and reliable sensor for detecting vitamin content is of great significance for guiding human nutrition metabolism, overseeing the quality of food or drugs, and advancing the treatment of related diseases. In this work, a simple electrochemical sensor was conveniently fabricated by modification a carbon electrode with vertically-ordered mesoporous silica film (VMSF), enabling highly sensitive electrochemical detection of vitamin B2 (VB2) based on the dual enrichment of the analyte by the supporting electrode and nanochannels. The widely used glassy carbon electrode (GCE), was preactivated using simple electrochemical polarization, The resulting preactivated GCE (p-GCE) exhibited improved potential resolution ability and enhanced peak current of VB2. Stable modification of VMSF on p-GCE (VMSF/p-GCE) was achieved without introducing another binding layer. The dual enrichment effect of the supporting p-GCE and nanochannels facilitated sensitive detection of VB2, with a linear concentration ranged from 20 nM to 7 μM and from 7 μM to 20 μM. The limit of detection (LOD), determined based on a signal-to-noise ratio of three (S/N = 3), was found to be 11 nM. The modification of ultra-small nanochannels of VMSF endowed VMSF/p-GCE with excellent anti-interference and anti-fouling performance, along with high stability. The constructed sensor demonstrated the capability to achieve direct electrochemical detection of VB2 in turbid samples including milk and leachate of compound vitamin B tablet without the need for complex sample pretreatment. The fabricated electrochemical can be easily regenerated and has high reusability. The advantages of simple preparation, high detection performance, and good regeneration endow the constructed electrochemical sensor with great potential for direct detection of small molecule in complex samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wu
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhuxuan Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fengna Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu R, Zhao Y, Liu J. Solid Electrochemiluminescence Sensor by Immobilization of Emitter Ruthenium(II)tris(bipyridine) in Bipolar Silica Nanochannel Film for Sensitive Detection of Oxalate in Serum and Urine. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:390. [PMID: 38470721 PMCID: PMC10934855 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Convenient and highly sensitive detection of oxalate ions in body fluids is of crucial significance for disease prevention, diagnosis, and monitoring of treatment effectiveness. Establishing a simple solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing system for highly sensitive detection of oxalate ions is highly desirable. In this work, a solid ECL sensor was fabricated by immobilizing the commonly used emitter ruthenium(II)tris(bipyridine) (Ru(bpy)32+) on a double-layered bipolar silica nanochannel array film (bp-SNA)-modified electrode, enabling sensitive detection of oxalate ions in serum or urine samples. Cost-effective and readily available indium tin oxide (ITO) was used as the supporting electrode. Convenient fabrication of multiple negatively charged SNA (n-SNA)-modified ITO electrodes was achieved through the one-step Stöber solution growth method. Subsequently, a positive outer layer film (p-SNA) was rapidly prepared using an electrochemical-assisted self-assembly method. The double-layered bipolar silica nanochannel array film achieved stable immobilization of Ru(bpy)32+ on the electrode surface, facilitated by the electrostatic adsorption of Ru(bpy)32+ by n-SNA and the electrostatic repulsion by p-SNA. Utilizing oxalate ions as a co-reactant for Ru(bpy)32+, combined with the electrostatic enrichment of oxalate ions by p-SNA, the constructed sensor enabled highly sensitive detection of oxalate ions ranging from 1 nM to 25 μM and from 25 μM to 1 mM, with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.8 nM. The fabricated ECL sensor exhibited high selectivity and good stability, making it suitable for ECL detection of oxalate ions in serum and urine samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiyang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou Y, Wang H, Xi F, Lu C. Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Based on Biofunctionalized Nanochannel Modified Carbonaceous Electrode. Molecules 2024; 29:858. [PMID: 38398610 PMCID: PMC10892148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The convenient construction of carbon-based electrochemical immunosensors with high performance is highly desirable for the efficient detection of tumor biomarkers. In this work, an electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated by integrating a biofunctionalized mesoporous silica nanochannel film with a carbon-based electrode, which can enable the sensitive determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum. The commonly used carbonaceous electrode, glassy carbon electrode (GCE), was employed as the supporting electrode and was pre-treated through electrochemical polarization to achieve the stable binding of a vertically ordered mesoporous silica film with amino groups (NH2-VMSF) without the use of any adhesive layer. To fabricate the immunorecognition interface, antibodies were covalently immobilized after the amino groups on the outer surface of NH2-VMSF was derivatized to aldehyde groups. The presence of amino sites within the high-density nanochannels of NH2-VMSF can facilitate the migration of negatively charged redox probes (Fe(CN)63-/4-) to the supporting electrode through electrostatic adsorption, leading to the generation of electrochemical signals. In the presence of CEA, the formation of immunocomplexes on the recognitive interface can reduce the electrochemical signal of Fe(CN)63-/4- on the supporting electrode. Based on this principle, the sensitive electrochemical detection of CEA was achieved. CEA can be determined to range from 0.01 ng mL-1 to 100 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection of 6.3 pg mL-1. The fabricated immunosensor exhibited high selectivity, and the detection of CEA in fetal bovine serum was achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhou
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China;
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Fengna Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Chao Lu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China;
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Z, Hu Y, Wang L, Liu H, Ren T, Wang C, Li D. Selective and Accurate Detection of Nitrate in Aquaculture Water with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Using Gold Nanoparticles Decorated with β-Cyclodextrins. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:1093. [PMID: 38400251 PMCID: PMC10893249 DOI: 10.3390/s24041093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method for measuring nitrate nitrogen in aquaculture water was developed using a substrate of β-cyclodextrin-modified gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD@AuNPs). Addressing the issues of low sensitivity, narrow linear range, and relatively poor selectivity of single metal nanoparticles in the SERS detection of nitrate nitrogen, we combined metal nanoparticles with cyclodextrin supramolecular compounds to prepare a AuNPs substrate enveloped by cyclodextrin, which exhibits ultra-high selectivity and Raman activity. Subsequently, vanadium(III) chloride was used to convert nitrate ions into nitrite ions. The adsorption mechanism between the reaction product benzotriazole (BTAH) of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and nitrite ions on the SH-β-CD@AuNPs substrate was studied through SERS, achieving the simultaneous detection of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen. The experimental results show that BTAH exhibits distinct SERS characteristic peaks at 1168, 1240, 1375, and 1600 cm-1, with the lowest detection limits of 3.33 × 10-2, 5.84 × 10-2, 2.40 × 10-2, and 1.05 × 10-2 μmol/L, respectively, and a linear range of 0.1-30.0 μmol/L. The proposed method provides an effective tool for the selective and accurate online detection of nitrite and nitrate nitrogen in aquaculture water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Integrated Circuit, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Hu
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liu Wang
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Houfang Liu
- School of Integrated Circuit, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianling Ren
- School of Integrated Circuit, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cong Wang
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Daoliang Li
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xing J, Han Q, Liu J, Yan Z. Electrochemical aptasensor fabricated by anchoring recognition aptamers and immobilizing redox probes on bipolar silica nanochannel array for reagentless detection of carbohydrate antigen 15-3. Front Chem 2023; 11:1324469. [PMID: 38192499 PMCID: PMC10773802 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1324469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Timely, convenient, and efficient detection of carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) levels in serum holds significant importance in early screening, diagnostic assistance and prognosis prediction of breast cancer. The development of efficient and convenient electrochemical aptasensors with immobilized redox probes for label-free detection of CA15-3 is highly desirable. In this work, a bipolar silica nanochannel array film (bp-SNA) with two distinct functional domains including nanochannels and an outer surface was employed for the immobilization of recognition ligands and electrochemical redox probes, enabling the construction of a probe-integrated aptasensor for reagentless electrochemical detection of CA15-3. Cost-effective and readily available indium tin oxide (ITO) was used as the supporting electrode for sequential growth of a negatively charged inner layer (n-SNA) followed by a positively charged outer layer (p-SNA). The preparation process of bp-SNA is convenient. Functionalization of amino groups on the outer surface of bp-SNA was modified by aldehyde groups for covalent immobilization of recognition aptamers, further establishing the recognition interface. Within the nanochannels of bp-SNA, the electrochemical redox probe, tri (2,2'-dipyridyl) cobalt (II) (Co(bpy)3 2+) was immobilized, which experienced a dual effect of electrostatic attraction from n-SNA and electrostatic repulsion from p-SNA, resulting in high stability of the immobilized probes. The constructed aptasensor allowed for reagentless electrochemical detection of CA15-3 ranged from 0.001 U/mL to 500 U/mL with a low detection limit (DL), 0.13 mU/mL). The application of the constructed aptasensor for CA15-3 detection in fetal bovine serum was also validated. This sensor offers advantages of a simple and readily obtainable supporting electrode, easy bp-SNA fabrication, high probe stability and good stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xing
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qianqian Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiyang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengzheng Yan
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongii Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li F, Han Q, Xi F. The Fabrication of a Probe-Integrated Electrochemiluminescence Aptasensor Based on Double-Layered Nanochannel Array with Opposite Charges for the Sensitive Determination of C-Reactive Protein. Molecules 2023; 28:7867. [PMID: 38067596 PMCID: PMC10708393 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The effective and sensitive detection of the important biomarker, C-reactive protein (CRP), is of great significance in clinical diagnosis. The development of a convenient and highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor with an immobilized emitter probe is highly desirable. In this work, a probe-integrated ECL aptamer sensor was constructed based on a bipolar silica nanochannel film (bp-SNF) modified electrode for the highly sensitive ECL detection of CRP. The bp-SNF, modified on an ITO electrode, consisted of a dual-layered SNF film, including the negatively charged inner SNF (n-SNF) and the outer SNF with a positive charge and amino groups (p-SNF). The ECL emitter, tris(bipyridine) ruthenium (II) (Ru(bpy)32+), was stably immobilized in a nanochannel of bp-SNF using the dual electrostatic interactions with n-SNF attracting and p-SNF repelling. The amino groups on the outer surface of bp-SNF were aldehyde derivatized, allowing for the covalent immobilization of recognitive aptamers (5'-NH2-CGAAGGGGATTCGAGGGGTGATTGCGTGCTCCATTTGGTG-3'), leading to the recognition interface. When CRP bound to the aptamer on the recognition interface, the formed complex increased the interface resistance and reduced the diffusion of the co-reactant tripropylamine (TPA) into the nanochannels, leading to a decrease in the ECL signal. Based on this mechanism, the constructed aptamer sensor could achieve a sensitive ECL detection of CRP ranging from 0.01 to 1000 ng/mL, with a detection limit (DL) of 8.5 pg/mL. The method for constructing this probe-integrated ECL aptamer sensor is simple, and it offers a high probe stability, good selectivity, and high sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China;
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qianqian Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Fengna Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| |
Collapse
|