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Shakirova V, Markelova M, Davidyuk Y, Stott-Marshall RJ, Foster TL, Khaiboullina S, Rizvanov A, Martynova E. Rosuvastatin as a Supplemental Treatment for the Clinical Symptoms of Nephropathia Epidemica: A Pilot Clinical Study. Viruses 2024; 16:306. [PMID: 38400081 PMCID: PMC10892398 DOI: 10.3390/v16020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nephropathis epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), is an acute zoonotic disease endemic in the Republic of Tatarstan. This study aimed to assess the impact of rosuvastatin on the clinical and laboratory results of NE. A total of 61 NE patients and 30 controls were included in this study; 22 NE patients and 7 controls received a daily dose of rosuvastatin (10 mg) for ten consecutive days. Serum samples were collected on days 1, 5, and 10 after admission to the hospital. These samples were analyzed to determine the levels of lipids, cytokines, and kidney toxicity markers. Our findings indicate that rosuvastatin reduced the duration of the second wave of fever and alleviated back pain and headache symptoms. Additionally, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) serum levels were significantly decreased on days 5 and 10 upon rosuvastatin treatment. Furthermore, rosuvastatin decreased the levels of cytokines in the serum, particularly proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8. NE patients had significantly altered levels of the kidney toxicity markers albumin and osteopontin. The data from our study provide evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of rosuvastatin in NE cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Shakirova
- Department of Infection Diseases, Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan 420012, Russia;
| | - Maria Markelova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (M.M.); (Y.D.); (S.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Yuriy Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (M.M.); (Y.D.); (S.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Robert J. Stott-Marshall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (R.J.S.-M.); (T.L.F.)
| | - Toshana L. Foster
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (R.J.S.-M.); (T.L.F.)
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (M.M.); (Y.D.); (S.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (M.M.); (Y.D.); (S.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Ekaterina Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (M.M.); (Y.D.); (S.K.); (A.R.)
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Blinova EA, Makenov MT, Morozkin ES, Kholodilov IS, Fedorova MV, Zhurenkova OB, Roev GV, Khafizov KF, Karan LS. Genetic features of the Puumala virus (Hantaviridae: Orthohantavirus) identified in the Moscow region. Vopr Virusol 2023; 68:283-290. [PMID: 38156585 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Puumala virus (family Hantaviridae, genus Orthohantavirus) is distributed in most regions of the European part of Russia. However, information about its genetic variants circulating on the territory of the Central Federal District is extremely scarce. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rodents' tissue samples were tested after reverse transcription by PCR for the presence of hantaviral RNA. The amplified fragments of the L segment were sequenced by the Sanger method. For two samples, sequences of all three segments were obtained using the NGS method. Phylogenetic trees were built in the MEGA-X software. RESULTS Puumala virus was found in six samples. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of sequences of three segments, the obtained genetic variants belong to the sublineage previously designated as W-RUS. CONCLUSION A genetic variant of the Puumala virus, belonging to the subline W-RUS, circulates on the territory of the Volokolamsk district of Moscow region.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Blinova
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
- Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of poliomyelitis)
| | - M T Makenov
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
| | - E S Morozkin
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
| | - I S Kholodilov
- Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of poliomyelitis)
| | - M V Fedorova
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
| | - O B Zhurenkova
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
| | - G V Roev
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)
| | - K F Khafizov
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
| | - L S Karan
- Central Research Institute for Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
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Sehgal A, Mehta S, Sahay K, Martynova E, Rizvanov A, Baranwal M, Chandy S, Khaiboullina S, Kabwe E, Davidyuk Y. Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Asia: History, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020561. [PMID: 36851775 PMCID: PMC9966805 DOI: 10.3390/v15020561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) is the most frequently diagnosed zoonosis in Asia. This zoonotic infection is the result of exposure to the virus-contaminated aerosols. Orthohantavirus infection may cause Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HRFS), a disease that is characterized by acute kidney injury and increased vascular permeability. Several species of orthohantaviruses were identified as causing infection, where Hantaan, Puumala, and Seoul viruses are most common. Orthohantaviruses are endemic to several Asian countries, such as China, South Korea, and Japan. Along with those countries, HFRS tops the list of zoonotic infections in the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. Recently, orthohantavirus circulation was demonstrated in small mammals in Thailand and India, where orthohantavirus was not believed to be endemic. In this review, we summarized the current data on orthohantaviruses in Asia. We gave the synopsis of the history and diversity of orthohantaviruses in Asia. We also described the clinical presentation and current understanding of the pathogenesis of orthohantavirus infection. Additionally, conventional and novel approaches for preventing and treating orthohantavirus infection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sehgal
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Sanya Mehta
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Kritika Sahay
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Ekaterina Martynova
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Manoj Baranwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Sara Chandy
- Childs Trust Medical Research Foundation, Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Kazan 420012, Russia
| | - Yuriy Davidyuk
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Kabwe E, Shamsutdinov AF, Suleimanova S, Martynova EV, Ismagilova RK, Shakirova VG, Savitskaya TA, Isaeva GS, Rizvanov AA, Khaiboullina SF, Morzunov SP, Davidyuk YN. Puumala Orthohantavirus Reassortant Genome Variants Likely Emerging in the Watershed Forests. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021018. [PMID: 36674534 PMCID: PMC9865142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) remains a prevalent zoonosis in the Republic of Tatarstan (RT), Russian Federation. Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV), carried by bank voles (Myodes glareolus), is the principal zoonotic pathogen of HFRS in the RT. In this study, we sought to demonstrate the similarity of the PUUV genetic sequences detected in HFRS case patients and bank vole samples previously collected in some areas of the RT. Furthermore, we intended to identify the reassortant PUUV genomes and locate a potential site for their emergence. During 2019 outbreaks, the PUUV genome sequences of the S and M segments from 42 HFRS cases were analysed and compared with the corresponding sequences from bank voles previously trapped in the RT. Most of the PUUV strains from HFRS patients turned out to be closely related to those isolated from bank voles captured near the site of the human infection. We also found possible reassortant PUUV genomes in five patients while they were absent in bank voles. The location of the corresponding HFRS infection sites suggests that reassortant PUUV genomes could emerge in the bank voles that inhabit the forests on the watershed between the Kazanka River and Myosha River. These findings could facilitate the search for the naturally occurring reassortants of PUUV in bank vole populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kabwe
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Anton F. Shamsutdinov
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Setora Suleimanova
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Martynova
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ruzilya K. Ismagilova
- OpenLab “Omics Technology”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Venera G. Shakirova
- Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Guzel S. Isaeva
- Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana F. Khaiboullina
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergey P. Morzunov
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Department of Pathology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Yuriy N. Davidyuk
- OpenLab “Gene and Cell Technologies”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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Rizvanov AA. Biomarkers and Pathogenesis of Infectious and Autoimmune Diseases. Pathogens 2022; 12:14. [PMID: 36678362 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that cardiovascular/ischemic diseases and cancers are major causes of death in the world, infections and autoimmune diseases also carry great burden to healthcare systems [...].
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Blinova E, Deviatkin A, Kurashova S, Balovneva M, Volgina I, Valdokhina A, Bulanenko V, Popova Y, Belyakova A, Dzagurova T. A fatal case of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Kursk Region, Russia, caused by a novel Puumala virus clade. Infect Genet Evol 2022; 102:105295. [PMID: 35526822 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is the most widespread natural-focal human disease in the Russian Federation. In this study, we report virological assessment of a fatal case of HFRS-PUUV (Puumala virus) in the Kursk Region. The infection caused severe multiorgan failure and the maximum viral load was detected in the tissue of the spleen. Viral sequences were obtained from the patient's autopsy material and lung tissues of bank voles captured in the region. These sequences formed a new clade in the PUUV phylogenetic tree, an outgroup to all known Russian (RUS) lineage sequences. On the other hand viruses collected in the Kursk Region grouped with the RUS lineage and are separated from all other PUUV linages. We propose to nominate this novel group as W-RUS as the identified viruses were collected near the western Russian boundary. The recombination signals between their ancestors and RUS lineage representatives from the Volga region were revealed. The strain Samara_94/CG/2005 suggestively emerged as the result of reassortment between the ancestors of W-RUS and DTK-Ufa-97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Blinova
- Federal Budget Institution of Science "Central Research Institute of Epidemiology" of The Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance, Moscow 111123, Russian Federation; Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 108819, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrei Deviatkin
- The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow 117036, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Kurashova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 108819, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Balovneva
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 108819, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Volgina
- Federal Budgetary Healthcare Institution "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Kursk Region", Kursk 305000, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Valdokhina
- Federal Budget Institution of Science "Central Research Institute of Epidemiology" of The Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance, Moscow 111123, Russian Federation
| | - Victoria Bulanenko
- Federal Budget Institution of Science "Central Research Institute of Epidemiology" of The Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance, Moscow 111123, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Popova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 108819, Russian Federation
| | - Alla Belyakova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 108819, Russian Federation
| | - Tamara Dzagurova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 108819, Russian Federation
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Noack D, Travar M, Mrdjen V, Voermans JJC, van de Vijver D, Molenkamp R, Koopmans MPG, Goeijenbier M, Rockx B. Serum Markers Associated with Disease Severity in a Bosnian Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Cohort. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071377. [PMID: 35891358 PMCID: PMC9316913 DOI: 10.3390/v14071377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is endemic in Europe and can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (nephropathia epidemica). Disease features include fever, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI). This retrospective cohort study of forty PUUV patients aims to characterize associations of serum immunological, hemostatic or kidney injury markers to disease severity. While interleukin-18 (IL-18) was significantly increased in severely thrombocytopenic patients (<100 × 109 platelets/L) compared to patients with higher platelet counts, RANTES was significantly decreased in these patients. These data suggest that patients with significant thrombocytopenia might have experienced pronounced Th1 immune responses. When kidney dysfunction was used as the primary disease outcome, recently identified AKI biomarkers (Cystatin C, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7, Nephrin, and trefoil factor 3) were significantly upregulated in patients with severe PUUV infection, defined as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 30 m/min/1.73 m2. The increased expression of these markers specifically indicates pathology in glomeruli and proximal tubuli. Furthermore, E-selectin was significantly higher while interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) was significantly lower in PUUV patients with more severe kidney dysfunction compared to patients with higher eGFR-values. Increased E-selectin illustrates the central role of endothelial cell activation, whereas decreased IP-10 could indicate a less important role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of kidney dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Noack
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (J.J.C.V.); (D.v.d.V.); (R.M.); (M.P.G.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Maja Travar
- Department for Clinical Microbiology, University Clinical Center of Republika Srpska, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.T.); (V.M.)
- Department for Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Visnja Mrdjen
- Department for Clinical Microbiology, University Clinical Center of Republika Srpska, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.T.); (V.M.)
- Department for Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jolanda J. C. Voermans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (J.J.C.V.); (D.v.d.V.); (R.M.); (M.P.G.K.); (M.G.)
| | - David van de Vijver
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (J.J.C.V.); (D.v.d.V.); (R.M.); (M.P.G.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Richard Molenkamp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (J.J.C.V.); (D.v.d.V.); (R.M.); (M.P.G.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Marion P. G. Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (J.J.C.V.); (D.v.d.V.); (R.M.); (M.P.G.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Marco Goeijenbier
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (J.J.C.V.); (D.v.d.V.); (R.M.); (M.P.G.K.); (M.G.)
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barry Rockx
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (D.N.); (J.J.C.V.); (D.v.d.V.); (R.M.); (M.P.G.K.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Baranwal M, Gupta Y, Dey P, Majaw S. Antiinflammatory phytochemicals against virus-induced hyperinflammatory responses: Scope, rationale, application, and limitations. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6148-6169. [PMID: 34816512 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammatory responses or cytokine storm associated with viral infections results in deleterious consequences such as vascular leakage, severe hemorrhage, shock, immune paralysis, multi-organ failure, and even death. With the emerging new viral infections and lack of effective prophylactic vaccines, evidence-based complementary strategies that limit viral infection-mediated hyperinflammatory responses could be a promising approach to limit host tissue injury. The present review emphasizes the potentials of antiinflammatory phytochemicals in limiting hyperinflammatory injury caused by viral infections. The predominant phytochemicals along with their mechanism in limiting hyperimmune and pro-inflammatory responses under viral infection have been reviewed comprehensively. How certain phytochemicals can be effective in limiting hyper-inflammatory response indirectly by favorably modulating gut microbiota and maintaining a functional intestinal barrier has also been presented. Finally, we have discussed improved systemic bioavailability of phytochemicals, efficient delivery strategies, and safety measures for effective antiinflammatory phytotherapies, in addition to emphasizing the requirement of tightly controlled clinical studies to establish the antiinflammatory efficacy of the phytochemicals. Collectively, the review provides a scooping overview on the potentials of bioactive phytochemicals to mitigate pro-inflammatory injury associated with viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Baranwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Yogita Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Suktilang Majaw
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
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Hägele S, Nusshag C, Müller A, Baumann A, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Cells of the human respiratory tract support the replication of pathogenic Old World orthohantavirus Puumala. Virol J 2021; 18:169. [PMID: 34404450 PMCID: PMC8369447 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmission of all known pathogenic orthohantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) usually occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with viral particles derived from infected rodents and organ manifestation of infections is characterized by lung and kidney involvement. Orthohantaviruses found in Eurasia cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and New World orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). However, cases of infection with Old World orthohantaviruses with severe pulmonary manifestations have also been observed. Therefore, human airway cells may represent initial targets for orthohantavirus infection and may also play a role in the pathogenesis of infections with Eurasian orthohantaviruses. METHODS We analyzed the permissiveness of primary endothelial cells of the human pulmonary microvasculature and of primary human epithelial cells derived from bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli for Old World orthohantavirus Puumala virus (PUUV) in vitro. In addition, we examined the expression of orthohantaviral receptors in these cell types. To minimize donor-specific effects, cells from two different donors were tested for each cell type. RESULTS Productive infection with PUUV was observed for endothelial cells of the microvasculature and for the three tested epithelial cell types derived from different sites of the respiratory tract. Interestingly, infection and particle release were also detected in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells although expression of the orthohantaviral receptor integrin β3 was not detectable in these cell types. In addition, replication kinetics and viral release demonstrate enormous donor-specific variations. CONCLUSIONS The human respiratory epithelium is among the first targets of orthohantaviral infection and may contribute to virus replication, dissemination and pathogenesis of HFRS-causing orthohantaviruses. Differences in initial pulmonary infection due to donor-specific factors may play a role in the observed broad variance of severity and symptoms of orthohantavirus disease in patients. The absence of detectable levels of integrin αVβ3 surface expression on bronchial and small airway epithelial cells indicates an alternate mode of orthohantaviral entry in these cells that is independent from integrin β3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hägele
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Müller
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Baumann
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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