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Chauhan D, Dadge S, Yadav PK, Sultana N, Agarwal A, Vishwakarma S, Rathaur S, Yadav S, K Chourasia M, Gayen JR. LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous estimation of raloxifene, cladrin in rat plasma: application in pharmacokinetic studies. Bioanalysis 2024; 16:141-153. [PMID: 38197392 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: A newer LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of raloxifene (RL) and cladrin (CL). Methodology: Both drugs were resolved in RP-18 (4.6 × 50 mm, 5 μ) Xbridge Shield column using acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous solution of formic acid (FA) (70:30% v/v) as mobile phase by using biological matrices in female Sprague-Dawley rats using-MS/MS. Results: The developed method was found to be linear over the concentration ranges of 1-600 ng/ml, and lower limit of quantification was 1 ng/ml for RL and CL, respectively. Pharmacokinetic results of RL+CL showed Cmax = 4.23 ± 0.61, 26.97 ± 1.14 ng/ml, at Tmax(h) 5.5 ± 1.00 and 3.5 ± 1.00, respectively. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic study results will be useful in the future for the combined delivery of RL and CL for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Chauhan
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shailesh Dadge
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pavan K Yadav
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Nazneen Sultana
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Arun Agarwal
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sachin Vishwakarma
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Shivam Rathaur
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Shubhi Yadav
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Manish K Chourasia
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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de Carvalho ACW, Paiva NF, Demonari IK, Duarte MPF, do Couto RO, de Freitas O, Vicentini FTMDC. The Potential of Films as Transmucosal Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2583. [PMID: 38004562 PMCID: PMC10675688 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical films are polymeric formulations used as a delivery platform for administration of small and macromolecular drugs for local or systemic action. They can be produced by using synthetic, semi-synthetic, or natural polymers through solvent casting, electrospinning, hot-melt extrusion, and 3D printing methods, and depending on the components and the manufacturing methods used, the films allow the modulation of drug release. Moreover, they have advantages that have drawn interest in the development and evaluation of film application on the buccal, nasal, vaginal, and ocular mucosa. This review aims to provide an overview of and critically discuss the use of films as transmucosal drug delivery systems. For this, aspects such as the composition of these formulations, the theories of mucoadhesion, and the methods of production were deeply considered, and an analysis of the main transmucosal pathways for which there are examples of developed films was conducted. All of this allowed us to point out the most relevant characteristics and opportunities that deserve to be taken into account in the use of films as transmucosal drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Wada de Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Av. Café, Ribeirão Preto 14048-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.W.d.C.)
| | - Natália Floriano Paiva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Av. Café, Ribeirão Preto 14048-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.W.d.C.)
| | - Isabella Kriunas Demonari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Av. Café, Ribeirão Preto 14048-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.W.d.C.)
| | - Maíra Peres Ferreira Duarte
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Av. Café, Ribeirão Preto 14048-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.W.d.C.)
| | - Renê Oliveira do Couto
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu (CCO), Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo de Freitas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Av. Café, Ribeirão Preto 14048-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.W.d.C.)
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Ghosh S, Yadav A, Gurave PM, Srivastava RK. Unique Fiber Morphologies from Emulsion Electrospinning—A Case Study of Poly(ε-caprolactone) and Its Applications. Colloids and Interfaces 2023; 7:19. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids7010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The importance of electrospinning to produce biomimicking micro- and nano-fibrous matrices is realized by many who work in the area of fibers. Based on the solubility of the materials to be spun, organic solvents are typically utilized. The toxicity of the utilized organic solvent could be extremely important for various applications, including tissue engineering, biomedical, agricultural, etc. In addition, the high viscosities of such polymer solutions limit the use of high polymer concentrations and lower down productivity along with the limitations of obtaining desired fiber morphology. This emphasizes the need for a method that would allay worries about safety, toxicity, and environmental issues along with the limitations of using concentrated polymer solutions. To mitigate these issues, the use of emulsions as precursors for electrospinning has recently gained significant attention. Presence of dispersed and continuous phase in emulsion provides an easy route to incorporate sensitive bioactive functional moieties within the core-sheath fibers which otherwise could only be hardly achieved using cumbersome coaxial electrospinning process in solution or melt based approaches. This review presents a detailed understanding of emulsion behavior during electrospinning along with the role of various constituents and process parameters during fiber formation. Though many polymers have been studied for emulsion electrospinning, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is one of the most studied polymers for this technique. Therefore, electrospinning of PCL based emulsions is highlighted as unique case-study, to provide a detailed theoretical understanding, discussion of experimental results along with their suitable biomedical applications.
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Nejadsalim A, Bashiri N, Godini HR, Oliveira RL, Tufail Shah A, Bekheet MF, Thomas A, Schomäcker R, Gurlo A, Görke O. Core-Sheath Pt-CeO 2/Mesoporous SiO 2 Electrospun Nanofibers as Catalysts for the Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:485. [PMID: 36770446 PMCID: PMC9921642 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) core-sheath nanofibers, platinum (Pt)-loaded ceria (CeO2) sheath on mesoporous silica (SiO2) core were fabricated, characterized, and used as catalysts for the reverse water gas shift reaction (RWGS). CeO2 nanofibers (NFs) were first prepared by electrospinning (ES), and then Pt nanoparticles were loaded on the CeO2 NFs using two different deposition methods: wet impregnation and solvothermal. A mesoporous SiO2 sheath layer was then deposited by sol-gel process. The phase composition, structural, and morphological properties of synthesized materials were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption method, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis, and CO2 temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD). The results of these characterization techniques revealed that the core-sheath NFs with a core diameter between 100 and 300 nm and a sheath thickness of about 40-100 nm with a Pt loading of around 0.5 wt.% were successfully obtained. The impregnated catalyst, Pt-CeO2 NF@mesoporous SiO2, showed the best catalytic performance with a CO2 conversion of 8.9% at 350 °C, as compared to the sample prepared by the Solvothermal method. More than 99% selectivity of CO was achieved for all core-sheath NF-catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidin Nejadsalim
- Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Technology, Faculty III Process Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Najmeh Bashiri
- Functional Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty II Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Chemical Engineering/Multiphase Reaction Technology, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty II Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hamid Reza Godini
- Inorganic Membranes and Membrane Reactors, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rafael L. Oliveira
- Low Temperature and Structure Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Science, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Asma Tufail Shah
- Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Technology, Faculty III Process Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off-Raiwand Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maged F. Bekheet
- Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Technology, Faculty III Process Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Thomas
- Functional Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty II Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schomäcker
- Chemical Engineering/Multiphase Reaction Technology, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty II Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Technology, Faculty III Process Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Görke
- Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Technology, Faculty III Process Sciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Liu Q, Jia H, Ouyang W, Mu Y, Wu Z. Fabrication of Antimicrobial Multilayered Nanofibrous Scaffolds-Loaded Drug via Electrospinning for Biomedical Application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:755777. [PMID: 34746107 PMCID: PMC8565619 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.755777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanofibers prepared by biobased materials are widely used in the field of biomedicine, owing to outstanding biocompatibility, biodegradable characters, and excellent mechanical behavior. Herein, we fabricated multilayered nanofibrous scaffolds in order to improve the performance of drug delivery. The composite layer-by-layer scaffolds were incorporated by hydrophobic poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA): polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers via multilayer electrospinning. Morphological and structural characteristics of the developed scaffolds measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed smooth and uniform fibers ranging in nanometer scale. The differences in contact angles and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) between single-layered PVA nanofibers and multilayered scaffolds verified the existence of PLA: PCL surface. In vitro biodegradable and drug release analysis depicted multilayered scaffolds had good biodegradability and potential for medical application. Due to the model drug incorporation, scaffolds exhibited good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by the zone of inhibition test. These results revealed that the multilayered scaffolds were proved to be desirable antibacterial materials for biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hengmin Jia
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenchong Ouyang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Mu
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengwei Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Salim SA, Kamoun EA, Evans S, EL-Moslamy SH, El-Fakharany EM, Elmazar MM, Abdel-Aziz AF, Abou-Saleh RH, Salaheldin TA. Mercaptopurine-Loaded Sandwiched Tri-Layered Composed of Electrospun Polycaprolactone/Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Nanofibrous Scaffolds as Anticancer Carrier with Antimicrobial and Antibiotic Features: Sandwich Configuration Nanofibers, Release Study and in vitro Bioevaluation Tests. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6937-6955. [PMID: 34703223 PMCID: PMC8525416 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s332920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is a potential anti-cancer agent which its therapeutic and limitation applicability due to its high toxicity. OBJECTIVE Herein, 6-MP was loaded into tri-layered sandwich nanofibrous scaffold (the top layer composed of poly methyl methacrylate/polycaprolactone (PMMA/PCL), the middle layer was PCL/PMMA/6-MP, and the bottom layer was PCL/PMMA to improve its bioactivity, adjusting the release-sustainability and reduce its toxicity. METHODS Electrospun tri-layered nanofibers composed of PCL/PMMA were utilized as nano-mats for controlling sustained drug release. Four groups of sandwich scaffold configurations were investigated with alteration of (PMMA: PCL) composition. RESULTS The sandwich scaffold composed of 2%PCL/4%PMMA/1%6-MP showed the best miscibility, good homogeneity and produced the smoothest nanofibers and low crystallinity. All fabricated 6-MP-loaded-PCL/PMMA scaffolds exhibited antimicrobial properties on the bacterial and fungal organisms, where the cytotoxicity evaluation proved the safety of scaffolds on normal cells, even at high concentration. Scaffolds provided a sustained-drug release profile that was strongly dependent on (PCL: PMMA). As (PCL: PMMA) decreased, the sustained 6-MP release from PCL/PMMA scaffolds increased. Results established that ~18% and 20% of 6-MP were released after 23h from (4%PCL/4%PMMA/1%6-MP) and (2%PCL/4%PMMA/1%6-MP), respectively, where this release was maintained for more than 20 days. The anti-cancer activity of all fabricated scaffolds was also investigated using different cancerous cell lines (e.g., Caco-2, MDA, and HepG-2) results showed that 6-MP-loaded-nanofibrous mats have an anti-cancer effect, with a high selective index for breast cancer. We observed that viability of a cancer cell was dropped to about 10%, using nanofibers containing 2%PCL/4%PMMA/1%6-MP. CONCLUSION Overall, the PCL: PMMA ratio and sandwich configuration imparts a tight control on long-term release profile and initial burst of 6-MP for anticancer treatment purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Salim
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- Biochemistry Group, Chemistry Dep., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Elbadawy A Kamoun
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- Polymeric Materials Research Dep., Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Stephen Evans
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Shahira H EL-Moslamy
- Bioprocess Development Dep., GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Dep. GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elmazar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - A F Abdel-Aziz
- Biochemistry Group, Chemistry Dep., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - R H Abou-Saleh
- Biophysics Group, Dep. of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Nanoscience and Technology Program, Faculty of Advanced Basic Science, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Taher A Salaheldin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12144, USA
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