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Zaremba A, Zaremba P, Zahorodnia S. De novo designed inhibitor has high affinity to four variants of the RBD of S-glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 - an in silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9389-9397. [PMID: 36318624 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2141886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the years since the rapid invasion of SARS-CoV-2, the world community has fully understood the extent of the danger of this new pathogen. And also the speed with which he is able to adapt both to humans as a species and to the means of combat that are introduced. However, this has already resulted in millions of lost lives and this situation may worsen in the future, due to the further inevitable evolution of the virus. Accordingly, the need for effective drugs is urgent. In this work, using an iterative approach, we de novo designed a molecule that revealed significant affinity to four variants of SARS-CoV-2 - Wuhan, Omicron, Delta and Cluster 5. More precisely, to their receptor-binding domain of S-glycoprotein, in particular, to the site that is directly involved in the recognition of human ACE2.What is confirmed in particular by the ΔGbind of the complexes of RBD of all four SARS-CoV-2 variants with a potential inhibitor: it is in significantly negative values. Along with this, the calculated ADMET parameters can generally be considered acceptable. Accordingly, we believe that the molecule we have designed has a high potential for further development as an effective drug against SARS-CoV-2. However, it currently requires further in vitro and in vivo studies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Zaremba
- Deparment of Reproduction of Viruses, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Polina Zaremba
- Deparment of Reproduction of Viruses, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Svіtlana Zahorodnia
- Deparment of Reproduction of Viruses, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Girgis AS, Panda SS, Kariuki BM, Bekheit MS, Barghash RF, Aboshouk DR. Indole-Based Compounds as Potential Drug Candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 2023; 28:6603. [PMID: 37764378 PMCID: PMC10537473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant threat to society in recent times, endangering human health, life, and economic well-being. The disease quickly spreads due to the highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has undergone numerous mutations. Despite intense research efforts by the scientific community since its emergence in 2019, no effective therapeutics have been discovered yet. While some repurposed drugs have been used to control the global outbreak and save lives, none have proven universally effective, particularly for severely infected patients. Although the spread of the disease is generally under control, anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents are still needed to combat current and future infections. This study reviews some of the most promising repurposed drugs containing indolyl heterocycle, which is an essential scaffold of many alkaloids with diverse bio-properties in various biological fields. The study also discusses natural and synthetic indole-containing compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties and computer-aided drug design (in silico studies) for optimizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 hits/leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S. Girgis
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK; (B.M.K.)
| | - Mohamed S. Bekheit
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Reham F. Barghash
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Dalia R. Aboshouk
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
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Borisevich SS, Zarubaev VV, Shcherbakov DN, Yarovaya OI, Salakhutdinov NF. Molecular Modeling of Viral Type I Fusion Proteins: Inhibitors of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin and the Spike Protein of Coronavirus. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040902. [PMID: 37112882 PMCID: PMC10142020 DOI: 10.3390/v15040902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The fusion of viral and cell membranes is one of the basic processes in the life cycles of viruses. A number of enveloped viruses confer fusion of the viral envelope and the cell membrane using surface viral fusion proteins. Their conformational rearrangements lead to the unification of lipid bilayers of cell membranes and viral envelopes and the formation of fusion pores through which the viral genome enters the cytoplasm of the cell. A deep understanding of all the stages of conformational transitions preceding the fusion of viral and cell membranes is necessary for the development of specific inhibitors of viral reproduction. This review systematizes knowledge about the results of molecular modeling aimed at finding and explaining the mechanisms of antiviral activity of entry inhibitors. The first section of this review describes types of viral fusion proteins and is followed by a comparison of the structural features of class I fusion proteins, namely influenza virus hemagglutinin and the S-protein of the human coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia S. Borisevich
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Ufa Institute of Chemistry Ufa Federal Research Center, 450078 Ufa, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.S.B.); (O.I.Y.)
| | - Vladimir V. Zarubaev
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Dmitriy N. Shcherbakov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia;
| | - Olga I. Yarovaya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Correspondence: (S.S.B.); (O.I.Y.)
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
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Semenov VA, Krivdin LB. The Development of Pharmacophore Models for the Search of New Natural Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD-ACE2 Binding Interface. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 36558067 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, some succeeding variants of SARS-CoV-2 have become more contagious. This virus is known to enter human cells by binding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike protein with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the latter being a membrane protein that regulates the renin-angiotensin system. Since the host cell receptor plays a critical role in viral entry, inhibition of the RBD-ACE2 complex is a promising strategy for preventing COVID-19 infection. In the present communication, we propose and utilize an approach based on the generation of a complex of pharmacophore models and subsequent Induced Fit Docking (IFD) to identify potential inhibitors of the main binding sites of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 RBD(S1)-ACE2 complex (PDB ID: 7T9L) among a number of natural products of various types and origins. Several natural compounds have been found to provide a high affinity for the receptor of interest. It is expected that the present results will stimulate further research aimed at the development of specialized drugs against this virus.
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Filimonov AS, Yarovaya OI, Zaykovskaya AV, Rudometova NB, Shcherbakov DN, Chirkova VY, Baev DS, Borisevich SS, Luzina OA, Pyankov OV, Maksyutov RA, Salakhutdinov NF. (+)-Usnic Acid and Its Derivatives as Inhibitors of a Wide Spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 Viruses. Viruses 2022; 14:2154. [PMID: 36298709 PMCID: PMC9611092 DOI: 10.3390/v14102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to test the antiviral activity, a series of usnic acid derivatives were synthesized, including new, previously undescribed compounds. The activity of the derivatives against three strains of SARS-CoV-2 virus was studied. To understand the mechanism of antiviral action, the inhibitory activity of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 virus was studied using the developed model as well as the antiviral activity against the pseudoviral system with glycoprotein S of SARS-CoV-2 virus on its surface. It was shown that usnic acid exhibits activity against three strains of SARS-CoV-2 virus: Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron. Compounds 10 and 13 also showed high activity against the three strains. The performed biological studies and molecular modeling allowed us to assume that the derivatives of usnic acid bind in the N-terminal domain of the surface glycoprotein S at the binding site of the hemoglobin decay metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr S. Filimonov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga I. Yarovaya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna V. Zaykovskaya
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Nadezda B. Rudometova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Dmitriy N. Shcherbakov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Varvara Yu. Chirkova
- Department of Physical-Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, Altay State University, 656049 Barnaul, Russia
| | - Dmitry S. Baev
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sophia S. Borisevich
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Ufa Institute of Chemistry Ufa Federal Research Center, 450078 Ufa, Russia
| | - Olga A. Luzina
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Pyankov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Rinat A. Maksyutov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Yarovaya OI, Shcherbakov DN, Borisevich SS, Sokolova AS, Gureev MA, Khamitov EM, Rudometova NB, Zybkina AV, Mordvinova ED, Zaykovskaya AV, Rogachev AD, Pyankov OV, Maksyutov RA, Salakhutdinov NF. Borneol Ester Derivatives as Entry Inhibitors of a Wide Spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 Viruses. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061295. [PMID: 35746766 PMCID: PMC9228966 DOI: 10.3390/v14061295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work we studied the antiviral activity of the home library of monoterpenoid derivatives using the pseudoviral systems of our development, which have glycoproteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus strains Wuhan and Delta on their surface. We found that borneol derivatives with a tertiary nitrogen atom can exhibit activity at the early stages of viral replication. In order to search for potential binding sites of ligands with glycoprotein, we carried out additional biological tests to study the inhibition of the re-receptor-binding domain of protein S. For the compounds that showed activity on the pseudoviral system, a study using three strains of the infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus was carried out. As a result, two leader compounds were found that showed activity on the Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron strains. Based on the biological results, we searched for the potential binding site of the leader compounds using molecular dynamics and molecular docking methods. We suggested that the compounds can bind in conserved regions of the central helices and/or heptad repeats of glycoprotein S of SARS-CoV-2 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I. Yarovaya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (E.D.M.); (A.D.R.); (N.F.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Dmitriy N. Shcherbakov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia; (D.N.S.); (N.B.R.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Sophia S. Borisevich
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center, RAS, Octyabrya pr., 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (S.S.B.); (E.M.K.)
| | - Anastasiya S. Sokolova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (E.D.M.); (A.D.R.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Maxim A. Gureev
- Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str., 8/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Computational Biology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olympic Ave., 1, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Edward M. Khamitov
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center, RAS, Octyabrya pr., 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (S.S.B.); (E.M.K.)
| | - Nadezda B. Rudometova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia; (D.N.S.); (N.B.R.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Anastasiya V. Zybkina
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia; (D.N.S.); (N.B.R.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Ekaterina D. Mordvinova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (E.D.M.); (A.D.R.); (N.F.S.)
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia; (D.N.S.); (N.B.R.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Anna V. Zaykovskaya
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia; (D.N.S.); (N.B.R.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Artem D. Rogachev
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (E.D.M.); (A.D.R.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Oleg V. Pyankov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia; (D.N.S.); (N.B.R.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Rinat A. Maksyutov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia; (D.N.S.); (N.B.R.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.S.S.); (E.D.M.); (A.D.R.); (N.F.S.)
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