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Hu W, Wang H, Li K, Lei Z, Xiang F, Li J, Kang X. Identification of active compounds in Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) willd by targeted metabolome MRM and kaempferol promotes HaCaT cell proliferation and reduces oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1343306. [PMID: 38659590 PMCID: PMC11041372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1343306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd. is a traditional treatment for vitiligo in Xinjiang. However, its therapeutic mechanism remains unclear owing to its complex composition and limited research on its chemical profile. Methods: We employed a targeted metabolome approach, combining selective reaction monitoring/multiple response monitoring (SRM/MRM) with high-performance liquid chromatography and MRM mass spectrometry to quantitatively analyze the flavonoid constituents of Vernonia anthelmintica. We also used network pharmacology and molecular docking to identify potential vitiligo-linked compounds and targets of V. anthelmintica seeds. Additionally, we assessed HaCaT cell proliferation by AAPH-induced, alongside changes in SOD activity and MDA content, following treatment with V. anthelmintica components. Finally, flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and ROS levels. Results and Discussion: We identified 36 flavonoid compounds in V. anthelmintica seeds, with 14 compounds exhibiting druggability. AKT1, VEGFA, ESR1, PTGS2, and IL2 have been identified as key therapeutic target genes, with PI3K/AKT signaling being an important pathway. Notably, kaempferol, one of the identified compounds, exhibited high expression in network pharmacology analysis. Kaempferol exhibited a strong binding affinity to important targets. Further, kaempferol enhanced HaCaT cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, reduced MDA levels, suppressed ROS activity, and upregulated SOD activity, increase the expression of cellular antioxidant genes, including HO-1, GCLC, GCLM, Nrf2, NQO1 and Keap1, providing significant protection against oxidative stress damage in vitro. Here, we present the first comprehensive study integrating SRM/MRM approaches and network analysis to identify active flavonoid compounds within V. anthelmintica (L.) Willd. Moreover, we revealed that its active ingredient, kaempferol, offers protection against AAPH-induced damage in keratinocytes, highlighting its potential as a clinical resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Kaixiao Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Zixian Lei
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Fang Xiang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaojing Kang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
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Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera Leaves and Its Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Activities. Int J Biomater 2022; 2022:4136641. [PMID: 36193175 PMCID: PMC9526645 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4136641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant occupied the largest area in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, especially the medicinal plants, and it has shown great potential in biotechnology applications. In this study, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Moringa oleifera leaves extract and its antifungal and antitumor activities were investigated. The formation of silver nanoparticles was observed after 1 hour of preparation color changing. The ultraviolet and visible spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to characterize synthesis particles. Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy showed a silver surface plasmon resonance band at 434 nm. Fourier transform infrared analysis shows the possible interactions between silver and bioactive molecules in Moringa oleifera leaves extracts, which may be responsible for the synthesis and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction showed that the particles were a semicubic crystal structure and with a size of 38.495 nm. Scanning electron microscopy imaging shows that the atoms are spherical in shape and the average size is 17 nm. The transmission electron microscopy image demonstrated that AgNPs were spherical and semispherical particles with an average of (50–60) nm. The nanoparticles also showed potent antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi using the well diffusion method. Candida glabrata found that the concentration of 1000 μg/mL exhibited the highest inhibition. As for bacteria, the concentration of 1000 μg/mL appeared to be the inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. Moringa oleifera AgNPs inhibited human melanoma cells A375 line significant concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects. The powerful bioactivity of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles from medical plants recommends their biomedical use as antimicrobial as well as cytotoxic agents.
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ISL1 promoted tumorigenesis and EMT via Aurora kinase A-induced activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in neuroblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:620. [PMID: 34131100 PMCID: PMC8206128 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children and its mortality rate is relatively high. However, driver genes of NB are not clearly identified. Using bioinformatics analysis, we determined the top 8 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NB, including GFAP, PAX6, FOXG1, GAD1, PTPRC, ISL1, GRM5, and GATA3. Insulin gene enhancer binding protein 1 (ISL1) is a LIM homeodomain transcription factor which has been found to be highly expressed in a variety of malignant tumors, but the function of ISL1 in NB has not been fully elucidated. We identified ISL1 as an oncogene in NB. ISL1 is preferentially upregulated in NB tissues compared with normal tissues. High ISL1 expression is significantly associated with poor outcome of NB patients. Knockdown of ISL1 markedly represses proliferation and induces cell apoptosis in vitro, and suppresses tumorigenicity in vivo, while overexpression of ISL1 has the opposite effects. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that ISL1 promotes cell proliferation and EMT transformation through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by upregulating Aurora kinase A (AURKA), a serine-threonine kinase that is essential for the survival of NB cells. The blockade of AURKA attenuates the function of ISL1 overexpression in the regulation of cell proliferation and migration, Conclusively, this study showed that ISL1 targeted AURKA to facilitate the development of NB, which provided new insights into the tumorigenesis of NB. Thus, ISL1 may be a promising therapeutic target in the future.
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