Prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder by acute stress disorder in traffic accident survivors

What Are the Predictors of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Road Traffic Accident Survivors: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT

Traffic accidents put tremendous burdens on the psychosocial aspects of communities. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), after an accident, is one of the most prevalent and incapacitating psychiatric conditions worldwide. In this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the predictors of PTSD in traffic accident victims. Primary search was conducted in November 2021 and updated in 2023. Studies were excluded if they used any analysis except regression for predictors. Cumulatively, primary and update searches retrieved 10,392 articles from databases, and of these, 87 studies were systematically reviewed. The predictors were categorized into sociodemographics, pretrauma, peritrauma, and post-trauma factors. The PTSD assessment time varied between 2 weeks and 3 years. Being a woman, having depression and having a history of road traffic accidents pretraumatically, peritraumatic dissociative experiences, acute stress disorder diagnosis, rumination, higher injury severity, and involvement in litigation or compensation after the trauma were significant predictors of PTSD.

Acute stress disorder in patients with accidental traumatic fractures: What can we do

AIM

To evaluate the potential influencing factors of acute stress disorder (ASD) in patients with accidental traumatic fractures to provide evidence for clinical nursing care.

DESIGN

A retrospective study.

METHODS

Patients with traumatic fractures treated in our hospital from 1 January 2020 to 30 November 2021 were included. The characteristics of ASD and no ASD patients were assessed.

RESULTS

A total of 468 patients with traumatic fractures were included, the incidence of ASD was 28.20%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≤50 years (OR2.918, 95% CI1.994 ~ 3.421), female (OR2.074, 95% CI1.489 ~ 3.375), AIS-ISS at admission ≥20 (OR3.981, 95% CI2.188 ~ 5.091), VAS at admission≥7 (OR2.804, 95% CI2.027 ~ 3.467), introverted personality (OR1.722, 95%CI1.314 ~ 2.432) and CD-RISC at admission≤60 (OR3.026, 95% CI2.338 ~ 4.769) were the risk factors of ASD in patients with traumatic fractures (all p < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

The development of ASD in patients with traumatic fractures is affected by multiple factors. Medical workers should take early and timely management and nursing measures for related risk factors to reduce the occurrence of ASD.