Protective Effect of Pretreatment of Rats with Calyx Extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hematotoxicity

Dietary supplementation of Pleurotus tuber regium in rat feed ameliorates metabolic and hematotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride

Pleurotus tuber regium, a wild edible mushroom can reduce free radical-mediated injury and oxidative stress induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) via improvement of antioxidant capacity. This work evaluates the protective effects of this mushroom against the metabolic and hematological toxicity induced by CCl4. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups (n = 10). Group I received olive oil (3 mL/kg) i.p. twice weekly for 13 weeks, while maintaining free access to food and water ad libitum (negative control). Group II received 3 mL/kg (30% CCl4 in olive oil) injected i.p. twice weekly, while Groups III, IV, and V received 100, 200, and 500 mg wild edible P. tuber regium (33.3% in feed) daily in addition to 3 mL/kg CCl4 in olive oil injected twice weekly i.p. Group VI received olive oil (3 mL/kg) i.p. twice weekly for 13 weeks in addition to 500 mg P. tuber regium (33.3% in feed) daily. The body weight (b.w.), feed intake (FI), and water intake (WI) were obtained weekly, while the hematological indices and oxidative stress parameters were carried out shortly after necropsy on days 30, 60, and 90. Treatment with CCl4 significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the b.w., FI and WI, feed efficiency, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, total glutathione, and peroxidase, while increasing the oxidative stress as measured by malondialdehyde in CCl4 only group when compared with control. Supplementation of feed with P. tuber regium reversed the effects of CCl4. Pleurotus tuber regium ameliorated the CCl4-induced metabolic and hematotoxicity by improving the antioxidant capacity.

A cross-sectional survey based on blood VOCs, hematological parameters and urine indicators in a population in Jilin, Northeast China

The objective of this study was to examine whether long-term exposure to low-dose volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will have an effect on the health of non-occupational population. A total of 499 non-occupational participants aged more than 18 that live around Jilin Petrochemical Industrial Zone were chosen by stratified cluster random sampling. Their blood VOCs' levels, hematological parameters and urine indicators together with detailed questionnaire data were used to find possible relationships using binary logistic regression analysis. The detection rate of benzene in the blood was high in the non-occupational population around the industrial area, and it even reached 82.3% in males but no significant difference was recorded between male and female population. In addition, trichloroethane (male: 33.2% V female: 21.7%; p = 0.002), carbon tetrachloride (males: 20.3% V females: 7.5%; p < 0.001) and trichlorethylene (male: 34.9% V female: 24.7%; p = 0.004) all showed significant differences in gender, and without exception, the prevalence of males was higher in these three VOCs than of females. The changes in red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (HCT) and basophils are correlated with carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene and chloroform, respectively. And RBC, HCT and basophils are statistically significant in male compared with female of the study population. The increase in trichlorethylene was associated with an increase of 1.723% (95% CI 1.058-2.806) in HCT. The increase in carbon tetrachloride showed a more significant correlation with an increase of 2.638% in RBC count (95% CI 1.169-5.953). And trichloromethane led to a 1.922% (95% CI 1.051-3.513) increase in basophils. The changes in urinary WBC, urine ketone (KET) and urinary bilirubin (BIL) showed significant correlation with benzene, carbon tetrachloride and dibromochloromethane, respectively. The correlation in females is more significant than in males. The increase of benzene in the female population increased urinary leukocyte count by 2.902% (95% CI 1.275-6.601). The effect of carbon tetrachloride on KET was particularly pronounced, resulting in an increase of 7.000% (95% CI 1.608-30.465). Simultaneously, an increase in dibromochloromethane caused an increase of 4.256% (95% CI 1.373-13.192) in BIL. The changes in RBC, HCT and basophils can only serve as an auxiliary indicator for disease diagnosis, so they have no significant clinical significance. However, the alteration of urinary WBC, KET and BIL has great clinical significances, and it is suggested that the monitoring of the above indicators from low-dose long-term exposure be strengthen in this area.