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Tamirisa KP, Al-Khatib SM, Mohanty S, Han JK, Natale A, Gupta D, Russo AM, Al-Ahmad A, Gillis AM, Thomas KL. Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Management of Atrial Fibrillation. CJC Open 2021; 3:S137-S148. [PMID: 34993443 PMCID: PMC8712595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia, and it results in adverse outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Racial and ethnic differences in AF management, although recognized, are poorly understood. This review summarizes racial differences in AF epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, and management. In addition, it highlights the underrepresentation of racial and ethnic populations in AF clinical trials, especially trials focused on stroke prevention. Specific strategies are proposed for future research and initiatives that have potential to eliminate racial and ethnic differences in the care of patients with AF. Addressing racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare access, enrollment in clinical trials, resource allocation, prevention, and management will likely narrow the gaps in the care and outcomes of racial and ethnic minorities suffering from AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sana M. Al-Khatib
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Janet K. Han
- Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
- University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin/Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dhiraj Gupta
- Department of Cardiology, University of Liverpool, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea M. Russo
- Division of Cardiology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Amin Al-Ahmad
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin/Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Anne M. Gillis
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kevin L. Thomas
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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