Misconceptions and associated factors of COVID-19 infection among internally displaced persons in Sudan

Knowledge, risk perception and uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among internally displaced persons in complex humanitarian emergency setting, Northeast Nigeria

BACKGROUND

Owing to crowded and unsanitary conditions, internally displaced persons (IDPs) have an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. Adoption of COVID-19 preventive measures among this population is premised on accurate information, adequate knowledge, and risk perception. We assessed COVID-19 knowledge and risk perception and investigated the association between risk perception and COVID-19 preventive measures, including vaccination among IDPs in Northeast Nigeria.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional study during July-December 2022 and sampled 2,175 IDPs using stratified sampling. We utilized a 12-point assessment tool to evaluate COVID-19 knowledge. Participants who scored ≥ 6 points were considered to have adequate knowledge. We used a 30-item Risk Behavior Diagnosis Scale to assess COVID-19 risk perception and evaluated each item on a 5-point Likert scale. Participants were divided into risk perception categories by the median of Likert scale scores. We performed weighted logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with risk perception. Pearson's chi-squared with Rao-Scott adjustment was used to determine the relationship between risk perception and COVID-19 preventive measures.

RESULTS

Of 2,175 participants, 55.7% were 18-39 years old, 70.9% were females, and 81.7% had no formal education. Among the IDPs, 32.0% (95% CI: 28.8 - 35.0) were considered to have adequate COVID-19 knowledge, and 51.3% (95% CI: 47.8 - 54.8) perceived COVID-19 risk as high. Moreover, 46.3% (95% CI: 42.8 - 50.0) had received one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, and 33.1% (95% CI: 29.8 - 36.0) received two doses. Adequate knowledge (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.10, [95% CI: 1.46 - 3.03]) and post-primary education (AOR = 3.20, [95% CI: 1.59 - 6.46]) were associated with risk perception. Furthermore, high risk perception was significantly associated with wearing face masks (χ2 = 106.32, p-value < .001), practicing hand hygiene (χ2 = 162.24, p-value < .001), physical distancing (χ2 = 60.84, p-value < .001) and vaccination uptake (χ2 = 46.85, p-value < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

This study revealed gaps in COVID-19 knowledge, risk perception, and vaccination uptake but demonstrated a significant relationship between risk perception and COVID-19 preventive practices. Health education and risk communication should be intensified to improve knowledge, elicit stronger risk perception, and enhance COVID-19 preventive practices.

"if we don't regroup, hunger will kill us…": a qualitative study on measures of physical distancing during covid-19 among internally displaced persons in Burkina Faso

This study contributes to the body of knowledge on IDPs in the context of security crisis related to terrorism. Very little research has been done on covid-19 amongst IDPs in Africa and this is one of the first studies in Burkina Faso. Our diversified sample allowed us to consider the discourses of humanitarian actors working with IDPs, but also the discourses of IDPs in a context of aggravated health and security crisis. The challenges encountered by IDPs in implementing physical distancing and the coping strategies have been documented. It showed some possible solutions that decision-makers could use in order to facilitate the appropriation of this measure by IDPs. This is a contribution to the field of applied human and social science research They will help to anticipate solutions in the event of a resurgence of covid-19 cases. In the current context, where the spread of the disease seems to be under control, concerted action should now be taken in the event of the detection of a case of covid-19 in the various IDP sites.