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Li Z, Gong P, Zhang M, Li C, Xiao P, Yu M, Wang X, An L, Bi F, Song X, Wang X. Multi-parametric MRI assessment of melatonin regulating the polarization of microglia in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110807. [PMID: 37923146 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide comprehensive and valuable information for precise diagnosis and treatment evaluation of a number of diseases. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of melatonin (Mel) on a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) were assessed by multi-parametric MRI combined with histopathological techniques for longitudinal monitoring of the lesion microenvironment. METHODS Sixty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: the Sham, CIRI and CIRI + Mel groups. At multiple time points after ischemia, MRI scanning was performed on a 7.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Multi-parametric MRI includes T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-MRI. CEST effects were calculated by the Lorentzian difference method, 3.5 ppm indicates amide protons of mobile proteins/peptide (Amide-CEST) and 2.0 ppm indicates amine protons (Guan-CEST). Multiple histopathological techniques were used to examine the histopathological changes and explore the therapeutic effects of Mel. RESULTS T2WI and DWI-MRI could localize the infarct foci and areas in CIRI rats, which was further validated by staining, 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining. After Mel treatment, T2WI and DWI-MRI showed smaller infarct volume, and neurons displayed improved morphology with less apoptosis rates. Notably, Amide-CEST and Guan-CEST signal decreased as early as 2 h after CIRI (all P <0.001), reflecting the change of pH after ischemia. After Mel treatment, both Amide-CEST and Guan-CEST signal increased in ischemic cortex and striatum compared with control group (all P < 0.001). The immunofluorescence staining and western blotting analysis suggested the expression of M2 microglia increased after Mel treatment; While,after Mel treatment the inflammatory factor interleukin-1β (IL-1β) decreased compared with control CIRI rats. CONCLUSIONS Multi-parametric MRI was shown to be an effective method to monitor the brain damage in a rat model of CIRI and assess the therapeutic effects of Mel treatment. Amide-CEST and Guan-CEST were especially sensitive to the changes in brain microenvironment during the early stage after CIRI. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of Mel treatment is associated with its promotion of the microglia polarized to M2 type in CIRI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China; Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mengbei Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China; Department of Radiology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255020, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peilun Xiao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Miao Yu
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xizhen Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin An
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China; Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China.
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Yeh SJ, Hsu PH, Yeh TY, Yang WK, Chang KP, Chiang CS, Tang SC, Tsai LK, Jeng JS, Hsieh ST. Capping Protein Regulator and Myosin 1 Linker 3 (CARMIL3) as a Molecular Signature of Ischemic Neurons in the DWI-T2 Mismatch Areas After Stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:754762. [PMID: 34975397 PMCID: PMC8716926 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.754762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke with a mismatch between diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) or T2-weighted images indicates onset within 4.5 h, but the pathological substrates in the DWI-T2 mismatch and T2(+) areas remain elusive. In this study, proteomics was used to explore (1) the protein expression profiles in the T2(+), mismatch, and contralateral areas, and (2) the protein with the highest expression in the T2(+) area in the brains of male Sprague-Dawley rats within 4.5 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The expression of the candidate protein was further validated in (1) rat brain subjected to MCAO, (2) rat primary cortical neuronal culture with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), and (3) infarcted human brain tissues. This study showed that apoptosis was observed in the T2(+) and mismatch regions and necroptosis in the T2(+) region of rat brains after MCAO. We identified capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 3 (CARMIL3) as the candidate molecule in the T2(+) and mismatch areas, exclusively in neurons, predominantly in the cytoplasm, and most abundant in the mismatch area. The CARMIL3(+) neurons and neurites in the mismatch and T2(+) areas were larger than those in the control area, and associated with (1) increased expression of sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1), indicating edema, (2) accumulation of p62, indicating impaired autophagy, and (3) increase in 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), indicating oxidative stress. The increased expression of CARMIL3 was validated in a cell model of cortical neurons after OGD and in infarcted human brain tissues. In conclusion, this study shows that the mismatch and T2(+) areas within 4.5 h after ischemia are characterized by upregulated expression of CARMIL3 in neurons, particularly the mismatch area, which is associated with neuronal edema, impaired autophagy, and oxidative stress, indicating that CARMIL3 serves as a molecular signature of brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Joe Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Hung Hsu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Yen Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Ping Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sung Chiang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chun Tang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kai Tsai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Shing Jeng
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tsang Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang Y, Wang Y, Duan Z, Liang J, Xu Y, Zhang S, Tang T. Restored microRNA-326-5p Inhibits Neuronal Apoptosis and Attenuates Mitochondrial Damage via Suppressing STAT3 in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Nanoscale Res Lett 2021; 16:63. [PMID: 33877455 PMCID: PMC8058131 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies have greatly explored the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI). But the specific mechanism of miR-326-5p in CI/RI is still elusive. Hence, this study was to unmask the mechanism of miR-326-5p/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) axis in CI/RI. Two models (oxygen and glucose deprivation [OGD] in primary rat cortical neurons and middle cerebral artery occlusion [MCAO] in Sprague-Dawley rats) were established to mimic CI/RI in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Loss- and gain-of function assays were performed with OGD-treated neurons and with MCAO rats. Afterward, viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial membrane potential in OGD-treated neurons were tested, as well as pathological changes, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential in brain tissues of MCAO rats. Mitofusin-2 (Mfn2), miR-326-5p and STAT3 expression in OGD-treated neurons and in brain tissues of MCAO rats were detected. Mfn2 and miR-326-5p were reduced, and STAT3 was elevated in OGD-treated neurons and brain tissues of MCAO rats. miR-326-5p targeted and negatively regulated STAT3 expression. Restoring miR-326-5p or reducing STAT3 reinforced viability, inhibited apoptosis and oxidative stress, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased Mfn2 expression in OGD-treated neurons. Up-regulating miR-326-5p or down-regulating STAT3 relieved pathological changes, inhibited apoptosis and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential and Mfn2 expression in brain tissues of rats with MCAO. This study elucidates that up-regulated miR-326-5p or down-regulated STAT3 protects against CI/RI by elevating Mfn2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingge Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University; Yangzhou University, 45 Taizhou Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuowei Duan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University; Yangzhou University, 45 Taizhou Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
- Department of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental, Translational Non‑coding RNA Research, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Xu
- Medical College, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University; Yangzhou University, 45 Taizhou Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tieyu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University; Yangzhou University, 45 Taizhou Road, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Bai H, Zhang QF, Duan JJ, Yu DJ, Liu LJ. Downregulation of signal transduction and STAT3 expression exacerbates oxidative stress mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:2147-2155. [PMID: 30323145 PMCID: PMC6199955 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.241470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated nucleotide binding to the oligonucleotide receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is possibly involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease through oxidative stress and neurogenic inflammation. Low expression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene may promote the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases to some extent. To clarify the roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome and STAT3 expression in oxidative stress, (1) SHSY5Y cells were incubated with 1 mM H2O2 to induce oxidative stress injury, and the expression of human-cell-specific signal transduction, STAT3-shRNA silencing signal transduction and STAT3 were detected. Cells were pretreated with Ca2+ chelator BAPATA-AM (0.1 mM) for 30 minutes as a control. (2) Western blot assay was used to analyze the expression of caspase-1, NLRP3, signal transduction and STAT3. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze interleukin-1β levels. Flow cytometry was carried out to calculate the number of apoptotic cells. We found that H2O2 treatment activated NLRP3 inflammasomes and decreased phosphorylation of signal transduction and STAT3 serine 727. BAPTA-AM pretreatment abolished the H2O2-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes, caspase-1 expression, interleukin-1β expression and apoptosis in SHSY5Y cells, and had no effect in cells with downregulated STAT3 expression by RNAi. The findings suggest that downregulation of signal transduction and STAT3 expression may enhance the oxidative stress mediated by NLRP3, which may not depend on the Ca2+ signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Medical Laboratory Center; Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qi-Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Juan-Juan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - De-Jun Yu
- Medical Laboratory Center, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li-Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou Province, China
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