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Bērziņa L, Mieriņa I. Antiradical and Antioxidant Activity of Compounds Containing 1,3-Dicarbonyl Moiety: An Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:6203. [PMID: 37687032 PMCID: PMC10488980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Free radicals and oxidants may cause various damages both to the lifeworld and different products. A typical solution for the prophylaxis of oxidation-caused conditions is the usage of various antioxidants. Among them, various classes are found-polyphenols, conjugated polyalkenes, and some sulfur and nitrogen derivatives. Regarding the active site in the molecules, a widely discussed group of compounds are 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. Among them are natural (e.g., curcumin and pulvinic acids) and synthetic (e.g., 4-hydroxy coumarins, substituted Meldrum's acids) compounds. Herein, information about various compounds containing the 1,3-dicarbonyl moiety is covered, and their antiradical and antioxidant activity, depending on the structure, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inese Mieriņa
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia;
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Silva SS, Justi M, Chagnoleau JB, Papaiconomou N, Fernandez X, Santos SA, Passos H, Ferreira AM, Coutinho JA. Using biobased solvents for the extraction of phenolic compounds from kiwifruit industry waste. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Jain R, Rajput SJ, Sethiya NK, Chauddhary SK. Development and validation of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the simultaneous quantification of rosmarinic acid, quercetin, glycyrrhizin and betulinic acid in polyherbal immunostimulant formulation. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-022-00212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chagnoleau JB, Ferreira AM, Coutinho JA, Fernandez X, Azoulay S, Papaiconomou N. Sustainable extraction of antioxidants from out-of-caliber kiwifruits. Food Chem 2022; 401:133992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Salih EYA, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Luukkanen O, Fahmi MKM, Fyhrquist P. Hydrolyzable tannins (ellagitannins), flavonoids, pentacyclic triterpenes and their glycosides in antimycobacterial extracts of the ethnopharmacologically selected Sudanese medicinal plant Combretum hartmannianum Schweinf. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112264. [PMID: 34624680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In Sudanese traditional medicine, decoctions, macerations, and tonics of the stem and root of Combretum hartmannianum are used for the treatment of persistent cough, a symptom that could be related to tuberculosis (TB). To verify these traditional uses, extracts from the stem wood, stem bark, and roots of C. hartmannianum were screened for their growth inhibitory effects against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 14468. Methanol Soxhlet and ethyl acetate extracts of the root gave the strongest effects (MIC 312.5 and 625 µg/ml, respectively). HPLC-UV/DAD and UHPLC/QTOF-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extract of the root led to the detection of 54 compounds, of which most were polyphenols and many characterized for the first time in C. hartmannianum. Among the major compounds were terflavin B and its two isomers, castalagin, corilagin, tellimagrandin I and its derivative, (S)-flavogallonic acid dilactone, punicalagin, and methyl-ellagic acid xylopyranoside. In addition, di-, tri- and tetra-galloyl glucose, combregenin, terminolic acid, cordifoliside D, luteolin, and quercetin-3-O-galactoside-7-O-rhamnoside-(2→1)-O-β-D-arabinopyranoside were characterized. Luteolin gave better growth inhibition against M. smegmatis (MIC 250 µg/ml) than corilagin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid (MIC 500-1000 µg/ml). Our study justifies the use of C. hartmannianum in Sudanese folk medicine against prolonged cough that could be related to TB infection. This study demonstrates that C. hartmannianum should be explored further for new anti-TB drug scaffolds and antibiotic adjuvants.
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Chaudhary SK, Walia V, Singh V, Sethiya NK. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of mangiferin (a bioactive antioxidant from dietary plant sources): a mini-review. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2020; 33:341-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-020-00044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Trinh PC, Thao LTT, Ha HTV, Nguyen T. DPPH-Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activities of Asteraceae Medicinal Plants on Uropathogenic Bacteria. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020; 2020:7807026. [PMID: 32508954 PMCID: PMC7245677 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7807026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Asteraceae species were widely applied in traditional medicines in Asian countries as sources of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to evaluate DPPH-scavenging capacities and antimicrobial activities of nine Asteraceae species collected from Southern Vietnam. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were determined by standard protocols. Essential oils from Ageratum conyzoides, Helianthus annuus, and Artemisia vulgaris indicated significant inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp. Crude extracts and fractions from Taraxacum officinale, Chrysanthemum morifolium, A. conyzoides, and Tagetes erecta showed inhibitory ability on at least one testing bacterial strains including S. aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In a study on clinical isolates, ethyl acetate fraction from A. conyzoides flower displayed the most potent effect on uropathogenic E. coli and K. pneumoniae with MIC at 1.25-10 mg/ml and 5-12.5 mg/ml, respectively. DPPH-scavenging assay indicated that T. erecta extract had the lowest IC50 (17.280 μg/ml) and is 2.4 times higher than vitamin C (7.321 μg/ml). This study revealed that A. conyzoides has good potential against uropathogenic E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and therefore could be applied for prophylactic treatment of urinary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan-Canh Trinh
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam
| | - Le-Thi-Thanh Thao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang-Tran-Viet Ha
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam
| | - TuAnh Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam
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Balkrishna A, Thakur P, Varshney A. Phytochemical Profile, Pharmacological Attributes and Medicinal Properties of Convolvulus prostratus - A Cognitive Enhancer Herb for the Management of Neurodegenerative Etiologies. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:171. [PMID: 32194410 PMCID: PMC7063970 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Convolvulus prostratus Forssk., a nootropic herb used in traditional medicinal systems, is also frequently known by its taxonomic synonym Convolvulus pluricaulis. In Indian medicinal system - Ayurveda - it is named as Shankhpushpi. According to the ancient literature, this herb has been attributed with several therapeutic properties, such as anxiolytic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, analgesic, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and cardioprotective activities. This medicinal herb has been reported to contain many bioactive phytoconstituents, such as, alkaloid (convolamine), flavonoid (kaempferol) and phenolics (scopoletin, β-sitosterol and ceryl alcohol), that have been ascribed to the observed medicinal properties. Several research teams across the globe have highlighted the neuro-pharmacological profile of C. prostratus, wherein, the neuroprotective, nootropic and neuro-modulatory roles have been described. Besides, role of C. prostratus extracts in neurodegeneration has been well demonstrated. Despite of such elaborative preclinical pharmacological profile, detailed clinical investigations and mechanistic mode-of-action studies of this important herb are yet to be executed. The present review is attempted to showcase the phytochemical profile, pharmacological attributes and medicinal information of C. prostratus; with comprehensive research gap analysis. It is hoped that the scientific update on the ethnomedicinal aspects of this herb would thrive research propagation and development of the CNS phytopharmaceuticals, originated from C. prostratus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, India
| | - Pallavi Thakur
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, India
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Francenia Santos-Sánchez N, Salas-Coronado R, Villanueva-Cañongo C, Hernández-Carlos B. Antioxidant Compounds and Their Antioxidant Mechanism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Bhatt P, Patwardhan J. Protective effect of flavonoids from Foeniculum vulgare against ultraviolet-B-induced oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblasts. Biomed Res J 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/bmrj.bmrj_22_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Scano A, Ebau F, Manca ML, Cabras V, Cesare Marincola F, Manconi M, Pilloni M, Fadda AM, Ennas G. Novel drug delivery systems for natural extracts: The case study of Vitis Vinifera extract-SiO 2 nanocomposites. Int J Pharm 2018; 551:84-96. [PMID: 30194010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ball Milling technique has been used to prepare for the first time Vitis Vinifera extract-silica nanocomposites (VV-SiO2 NCs), which combine the pharmacological effects of the extract with the effectiveness of silica as drug delivery system and active component in the treatment of wound healing. Different contents (1.0, 9.0 and 33.0 wt%) of Vitis Vinifera ethanolic extract were loaded into the silica matrix by grinding the extract with fumed silica using a planetary mill apparatus. The effect of the starting mixture composition and milling time on the final products was examined. The efficiency of the milling process was studied by X-ray Powder Diffraction, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Infrared Spectroscopy, indicating that the natural extract was not affected by the increasing of the milling time. The successful loading of the extract was demonstrated by Nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, which showed a decrease in the SSA and pore volume of the silica with the increasing of the extract amount. Morphology of the nanocomposites, investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy, showed an increased agglomeration in the nanocomposites with the increment of the VV extract amount. Studies on the total phenol quantification and antioxidant activity of the natural extract before and after incorporation in the silica matrix were also carried out. The obtained results indicate that the milling process does not alter the VV extract components, which result to be embedded in the silica matrix. An increase of the antioxidant activity with the increment of the extract amount in the nanocomposites, up to values comparable to the pure VV extract, was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scano
- Chemical and Geological Science Dept., University of Cagliari and Cagliari Research Unit of the National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.
| | - F Ebau
- Chemical and Geological Science Dept., University of Cagliari and Cagliari Research Unit of the National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - M L Manca
- Life and Environment Science Dept., Section of Drug Sciences, CNBS, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - V Cabras
- Chemical and Geological Science Dept., University of Cagliari and Cagliari Research Unit of the National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - F Cesare Marincola
- Chemical and Geological Science Dept., University of Cagliari and Cagliari Research Unit of the National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - M Manconi
- Life and Environment Science Dept., Section of Drug Sciences, CNBS, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Pilloni
- Chemical and Geological Science Dept., University of Cagliari and Cagliari Research Unit of the National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - A M Fadda
- Life and Environment Science Dept., Section of Drug Sciences, CNBS, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - G Ennas
- Chemical and Geological Science Dept., University of Cagliari and Cagliari Research Unit of the National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.
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Sethiya NK, Nahata A, Singh PK, Mishra SH. Neuropharmacological evaluation on four traditional herbs used as nervine tonic and commonly available as Shankhpushpi in India. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018. [PMID: 29530454 PMCID: PMC6470306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shankhpushpi is an Ayurvedic drug, widely used for its actions on the central nervous system, especially to improve intellect and boost memory. Four botanicals viz. Canscora decussata Schult. (CD), Clitorea ternatea Linn. (CT), Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy. (CP) and Evolvulus alsinoides Linn. (EA) are considered as sources of Shankhpushpi by Indian practitioners on the basis of their morphological descriptions given in ancient texts. Objective The present study was undertaken to evaluate the neuropharmacological effect of four herbs commonly identified as source of Shankhpushpi. Materials and methods Methanol extracts of all four varieties were tested and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for their neuropharmacological effects. Experiments such as protection against β-amyloid induced neurotoxicity on brain cell line (Neuro 2A), antioxidant potential, AchE (acetylcholinesterase enzyme) inhibition, and 5-LOX (lipoxygenase) enzyme inhibition were conducted for in vitro evaluation. For in vivo evaluation, scopolamine (0.3 mg/kg i.p.) induced memory retrieval using pole climbing apparatus and Morris water maze were performed in rat models. Results It was found that protective effects of EA and CD against β-amyloid induced neurotoxicity in Neuro 2A cells were significantly higher than CT and CP. EA proved to be superior than other varieties on the basis of antioxidant activity, AchE inhibitory and LOX inhibitory activities. The preventive activity of EA on scopolamine induced memory retrieval in pole climbing and Morris water maze task in rats was found to be higher than that of CD, CT and CP. Conclusion EA has remarkable neuropharmacological effect as compared to other three varieties of Shankhpushpi. This effect may be attributed due to the presence of steroids (stigmasterol and betulinic acid), coumarins (scopoletin) and flavonoids (β-carotene and chlorogenic acid). Hence it can be used as a promising lead in development and management of neuronal disorders including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K Sethiya
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India; Value Addition Research and Development Department-Human Health, National Innovation Foundation-India, Gandhinagar, 382 650, Gujarat, India.
| | - Alok Nahata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H.S. Gour University, Sagar, 470003, India; Ying Zhi Agricultural and Industries Sdn Bhd, Jitra, 06000, Kedah Darulaman, Malaysia
| | - Pawan Kumar Singh
- Value Addition Research and Development Department-Human Health, National Innovation Foundation-India, Gandhinagar, 382 650, Gujarat, India
| | - S H Mishra
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
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Oliveira MA, Bastos MS, Magalhães HC, Garruti DS, Benevides SD, Furtado RF, Egito AS. α, β-citral from Cymbopogon citratus on cellulosic film: Release potential and quality of coalho cheese. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Patel SS, Mahindroo N, Udayabanu M. Urtica dioica leaves modulates hippocampal smoothened-glioma associated oncogene-1 pathway and cognitive dysfunction in chronically stressed mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:676-686. [PMID: 27470568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Urtica dioica (UD) extract against chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced associative memory dysfunction and attempted to explore the possible mechanism. Male Swiss albino mice (25-30g) were divided into six groups, viz. group-I received 0.3% carboxymethyl cellulose and served as control (CTRL), group II was exposed to CUS (21days) and received vehicle (CUS), group III was subjected to CUS and received Hypericum perforatum extract (350mg/kg, p.o.) (CUS+HYP), group IV received Hypericum perforatum extract (350mg/kg, p.o.) (CTRL+HYP); group V was subjected to CUS and received UD extract (50mg/kg, p.o.) (CUS+UD), group VI received UD extract (50mg/kg, p.o.) (CTRL+UD). CUS significantly induced body weight loss (p<0.05) and associative memory impairment in step down task (p<0.05) as compared to control mice. CUS significantly downregulated Smo (p<0.05), Gli1 (p<0.01), cyclin D1 (p<0.05), BDNF (p<0.01), TrKB (p<0.01) and MAPK1 (p<0.01) mRNA expression in hippocampus as compared to control mice. CUS significantly increased the levels of TBARS (p<0.01) and nitric oxide (p<0.001), and decreased catalase (p<0.001) and total thiol (p<0.01) in plasma resulting in oxidative stress and inflammation. Chronic UD administration significantly reverted CUS mediated body weight loss (p<0.05) and cognitive impairment (p<0.05). UD administration significantly decreased the levels of TBARS (p<0.01) and nitric oxide (p<0.05), and increased the levels of catalase (p<0.01) and total thiol (p<0.05) in plasma. Chronic UD administration significantly upregulated hippocampal Smo (p<0.05), Gli1 (p<0.001), cyclin D1 (p<0.05), BDNF (p<0.05), TrKB (p<0.05) and MAPK1 (p<0.05) in stressed mice. Further, UD extract did not reverse cyclopamine induced downregulation of Gli1 and Ptch1 mRNA in hippocampal slices. UD modulated Smo-Gli1 pathway in the hippocampus as well as exerted anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. UD extract might prove to be effective for stress mediated neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Mahindroo
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Malairaman Udayabanu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Patwardhan J, Bhatt P. Flavonoids Derived from Abelmoschus esculentus Attenuates UV-B Induced Cell Damage in Human Dermal Fibroblasts Through Nrf2-ARE Pathway. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S129-38. [PMID: 27279697 PMCID: PMC4883069 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is a smaller fraction of the total radiation reaching the Earth but leads to extensive damage to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and other biomolecules through formation of free radicals altering redox homeostasis of the cell. Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) has been known in Ayurveda as antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, demulscent, antispasmodic, diuretic, purgative, etc. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of flavonoids from A. esculentus against UV-B-induced cell damage in human dermal fibroblasts. Materials and Methods: UV-B protective activity of ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of okra was studied against UV-B-induced cytotoxicity, antioxidant regulation, oxidative DNA damage, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptotic morphological changes, and regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene through nuclear factor E2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) pathway. Results: Flavonoid-rich EA fraction depicted a significant antioxidant potential also showing presence of rutin. Pretreatment of cells with EA fraction (10–30 μg/ml) prevented UV-B-induced cytotoxicity, depletion of endogenous enzymatic antioxidants, oxidative DNA damage, intracellular ROS production, apoptotic changes, and overexpression of Nrf2 and HO-1. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated for the 1st time that EA fraction of okra may reduce oxidative stress through Nrf2-ARE pathway as well as through endogenous enzymatic antioxidant system. These results suggested that flavonoids from okra may be considered as potential UV-B protective agents and may also be formulated into herbal sunscreen for topical application. SUMMARY Flavonoid-enriched ethyl acetate (EA) fraction from A. esculentus protected against ultraviolet-B (UV-B)-induced oxidative DNA damage EA fraction prevented UV-B-induced cytotoxicity, depletion of endogenous enzymatic antioxidants, and intracellular reactive oxygen species production EA fraction could reduce oxidative stress through the Nrf2-ARE Pathway EA fraction was found to be nongenotoxic and prevented apoptotic changes.
HIGHLIGHTS Flavonoids from Abelmoschus esculentus protected from ultraviolet-B-induced damage They were capable of reducing oxidative stress through Nrf2-ARE Pathway They are nongenotoxic and do not possess mutagenic potential Flavonoids from A. esculentus can be studied and explored further for its topical application as sunscreen.
Abbreviations used: ABTS: 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulphonic acid), AO: Acridine orange, ANOVA: Analysis of variance, ARE: Antioxidant response elements, BSA: Bovine serum albumin, CAPE: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, CAT: Catalase, DCFH-DA: 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, DMEM: Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium, DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide, DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, DPBS: Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline, DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl, ECL: Enhanced chemiluminescence, EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, EtBr: Ethidium bromide, FBS: Fetal bovine serum, FE Fraction: Flavonoid-enriched fraction, FRAP: Ferric reducing antioxidant power, GPx: Glutathione peroxidase, GR: Glutathione reductase, GST: Glutathione-S-transferase, GSH: Reduced glutathione, GSSG: Oxidized glutathione, HDF: Human dermal fibroblast adult cells, HEPES: 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulphonic acid, HRP: Horseradish peroxidase, HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1, HPTLC: High-performance thin layer chromatography, Keap-1: Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1, MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, NaCl: sodium chloride, NFDM: nonfat dry milk, Nrf2: Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2, NQO1: NAD (P) H: Quinine oxidoreductase 1, OH: Hydroxyl ions, PBST: Phosphate-buffered saline with 0.1% tween 20, PCR: Polymerase chain reaction, PMSF: Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, Rf: Retention factor, ROS: Reactive oxygen species, rRNA: Ribosomal ribonucleic acid, SDS: Sodium dodecyl sulfate, SOD: Superoxide dismutase, TLC: Thin layer chromatography, TLC-DPPH: Thin layer chromatography-2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl, UV: Ultraviolet, UV-A: Ultraviolet-A, UV-B: Ultraviolet-B, UV-C: Ultraviolet-C, qPCR: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Juilee Patwardhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purvi Bhatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The exposure of skin to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiations leads to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage and can induce production of free radicals which imbalance the redox status of the cell and lead to increased oxidative stress. Clove has been traditionally used for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-viral, and antiseptic effects. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the UV-B protective activity of flavonoids from Eugenia caryophylata (clove) buds on human dermal fibroblast cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Protective ability of flavonoid-enriched (FE) fraction of clove was studied against UV-B induced cytotoxicity, anti-oxidant regulation, oxidative DNA damage, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptotic morphological changes, and regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene through nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 antioxidant response element (Nrf2 ARE) pathway. RESULTS FE fraction showed a significant antioxidant potential. Pretreatment of cells with FE fraction (10-40 μg/ml) reversed the effects of UV-B induced cytotoxicity, depletion of endogenous enzymatic antioxidants, oxidative DNA damage, intracellular ROS production, apoptotic changes, and overexpression of Nrf2 and HO-1. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated for the first time that the FE fraction from clove could confer UV-B protection probably through the Nrf2-ARE pathway, which included the down-regulation of Nrf2 and HO-1. These findings suggested that the flavonoids from clove could potentially be considered as UV-B protectants and can be explored further for its topical application to the area of the skin requiring protection. SUMMARY Pretreatment of human dermal fibroblast with flavonoid-enriched fraction of Eugenia caryophylata attenuated effects of ultraviolet-B radiationsIt also conferred protection through nuclear factor E2-related factor 2-antioxidant response pathway and increased tolerance of cells against oxidative stressFlavonoid-enriched fraction can be explored further for topical application to the skin as a ultraviolet-B protectant. Abbreviations used: ABTS: 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid), AO: Acridine orange, ANOVA Analysis of variance, ARE: Antioxidant response elements, BSA: Bovine serum albumin, CAPE: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, CAT: Catalase, DCFH-DA: 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, DMEM: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium, DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide, DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, DPBS: Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline, DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ECL: Enhanced chemiluminescence, EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay, EtBr: Ethidium bromide, FBS: Fetal bovine serum, FE fraction: Flavonoid-enriched fraction, FRAP: Ferric reducing antioxidant power, GPx: Glutathione peroxidase, GR: Glutathione reductase, GST: Glutathione-S-transferase, GSH: Reduced glutathione, GSSG: Oxidized glutathione, HDF: Human dermal fibroblast, HEPES: 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulphonic acid, HRP: Horseradish peroxidase, HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1, HPTLC: High-performance thin layer chromatography, Keap-1: Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1, MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, NaCl: Sodium chloride, NFDM: Nonfat dry milk, Nrf2: Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2, NQO1: NAD (P) H: Quinine oxidoreductase 1, OH: Hydroxyl ions, PBST: Phosphate buffered saline with 0.1% tween 20, PCR: Polymerase chain reaction, PMSF: Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, Rf: Retention factor, ROS: Reactive oxygen species, rRNA: Ribosomal ribonucleic acid, SDS: Sodium dodecyl sulfate, SOD: Superoxide dismutase, TLC: Thin layer chromatography, TLC-DPPH: Thin layer chromatography-2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, UV: Ultraviolet, UV-A: Ultraviolet-A, UV-B: Ultraviolet-B, UV-C: Ultraviolet-C, and qPCR: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juilee Patwardhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Mumbai - 400 056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purvi Bhatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Mumbai - 400 056, Maharashtra, India
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Sethiya NK, Trivedi A, Mishra SH. Rapid validated high performance thin layer chromatography method for simultaneous estimation of mangiferin and scopoletin in Canscora decussata (South Indian Shankhpushpi) extract. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 2015; 25:193-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sethiya NK, Mishra S. Simultaneous HPTLC analysis of ursolic acid, betulinic acid, stigmasterol and lupeol for the identification of four medicinal plants commonly available in the Indian market as Shankhpushpi. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:816-23. [PMID: 25217706 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated a new, simple, sensitive, selective and precise high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprint and quantitative estimation method for the analysis of ursolic acid, betulinic acid, stigmasterol and lupeol in Shankhpushpi botanicals. Linear ascending development was carried out in a twin trough glass chamber saturated with petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-toluene (7:2:1, v/v/v). The plate was dried, sprayed with anisaldehyde reagent and analyzed by CAMAG TLC scanner III at 580 nm. The system was found to give compact spots for ursolic acid (0.21), betulinic acid (0.29), stigmasterol (0.33) and lupeol (0.50). The relationship between the concentration of standard solutions and the peak response is linear within the concentration range of 100-600 ng/spot for ursolic acid, betulinic acid, stigmasterol and lupeol. The concentration of 134.2 and 146.1 mg of ursolic acid per gram of Clitorea ternatea (CT) and Canscora decussata (CD); 110.6 mg of betulinic acid per gram of EA; 92.75, 154.95, 31.947 and 39.21 mg of stigmasterol per gram of Evolvulus alsinoides (EA), Convolvulus pluricaulis (CP), CT and CD; 30.12 mg of lupeol per gram of CT were found. The proposed HPTLC method may use for routine quality testing and identification of Shankhpushpi botanicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar Sethiya
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Kalabhavan, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Shrihari Mishra
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Kalabhavan, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
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Sethiya NK, Shah P, Rajpara A, Nagar PA, Mishra SH. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of mixed micellar lipid formulation of phyllanthin and piperine in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rodents. Food Funct 2015; 6:3593-603. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00947b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phyllanthin, a sparingly water-soluble hepatoprotective lignin obtained from Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae) possesses low bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K. Sethiya
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - Pankaj Shah
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - Aruna Rajpara
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - P. A. Nagar
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - S. H. Mishra
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
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Sethiya N, Keluskar P, Ingle S, Mishra S. Antimalarial activity of Evolvulus alsinoids Linn.-an in vitro Plasmodium falciparum specific lactate dehydrogenase enzyme inhibition assay. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sethiya NK, Trivedi A, Mishra S. The total antioxidant content and radical scavenging investigation on 17 phytochemical from dietary plant sources used globally as functional food. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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