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Schoenwaelder N, Salewski I, Engel N, Krause M, Schneider B, Müller M, Riess C, Lemcke H, Skorska A, Grosse-Thie C, Junghanss C, Maletzki C. The Individual Effects of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors on Head and Neck Cancer Cells-A Systematic Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102396. [PMID: 34063457 PMCID: PMC8157193 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi´s) display cytotoxic activity against different malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). By coordinating the DNA damage response, these substances may be combined with cytostatics to enhance cytotoxicity. Here, we investigated the influence of different CDKi´s (palbociclib, dinaciclib, THZ1) on two HNSCC cell lines in monotherapy and combination therapy with clinically-approved drugs (5-FU, Cisplatin, cetuximab). Apoptosis/necrosis, cell cycle, invasiveness, senescence, radiation-induced γ-H2AX DNA double-strand breaks, and effects on the actin filament were studied. Furthermore, the potential to increase tumor immunogenicity was assessed by analyzing Calreticulin translocation and immune relevant surface markers. Finally, an in vivo mouse model was used to analyze the effect of dinaciclib and Cisplatin combination therapy. Dinaciclib, palbociclib, and THZ1 displayed anti-neoplastic activity after low-dose treatment, while the two latter substances slightly enhanced radiosensitivity. Dinaciclib decelerated wound healing, decreased invasiveness, and induced MHC-I, accompanied by high amounts of surface-bound Calreticulin. Numbers of early and late apoptotic cells increased initially (24 h), while necrosis dominated afterward. Antitumoral effects of the selective CDKi palbociclib were weaker, but combinations with 5-FU potentiated effects of the monotherapy. Additionally, CDKi and CDKi/chemotherapy combinations induced MHC I, indicative of enhanced immunogenicity. The in vivo studies revealed a cell line-specific response with best tumor growth control in the combination approach. Global acting CDKi's should be further investigated as targeting agents for HNSCC, either individually or in combination with selected drugs. The ability of dinaciclib to increase the immunogenicity of tumor cells renders this substance a particularly interesting candidate for immune-based oncological treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schoenwaelder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (I.S.); (M.K.); (C.R.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-381-494-5764
| | - Inken Salewski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (I.S.); (M.K.); (C.R.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.); (C.M.)
| | - Nadja Engel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Mareike Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (I.S.); (M.K.); (C.R.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.); (C.M.)
| | - Björn Schneider
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Rostock, Strempelstr.14, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Michael Müller
- Core Facility for Cell Sorting & Cell Analysis, Laboratory for Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Christin Riess
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (I.S.); (M.K.); (C.R.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.); (C.M.)
- University Children’s Hospital, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Heiko Lemcke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (H.L.); (A.S.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department Life, Light & Matter, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anna Skorska
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (H.L.); (A.S.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department Life, Light & Matter, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina Grosse-Thie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (I.S.); (M.K.); (C.R.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.); (C.M.)
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (I.S.); (M.K.); (C.R.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (I.S.); (M.K.); (C.R.); (C.G.-T.); (C.J.); (C.M.)
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