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Mathrani A, Lu LW, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Silvestre MP, Hoggard M, Barnett D, Fogelholm M, Raben A, Poppitt SD, Taylor MW. Gut microbiota profiles in two New Zealand cohorts with overweight and prediabetes: a Tū Ora/PREVIEW comparative study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1244179. [PMID: 38033566 PMCID: PMC10687470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1244179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major global health issues, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The underlying factors are both diverse and complex, incorporating biological as well as cultural considerations. A role for ethnicity - a measure of self-perceived cultural affiliation which encompasses diet, lifestyle and genetic components - in susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as T2D is well established. For example, Asian populations may be disproportionally affected by the adverse 'TOFI' (Thin on the Outside, Fat on the Inside) profile, whereby outwardly lean individuals have increased susceptibility due to excess visceral and ectopic organ fat deposition. A potential link between the gut microbiota and metabolic disease has more recently come under consideration, yet our understanding of the interplay between ethnicity, the microbiota and T2D remains incomplete. We present here a 16S rRNA gene-based comparison of the fecal microbiota of European-ancestry and Chinese-ancestry cohorts with overweight and prediabetes, residing in New Zealand. The cohorts were matched for mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG: mean ± SD, European-ancestry: 6.1 ± 0.4; Chinese-ancestry: 6.0 ± 0.4 mmol/L), a consequence of which was a significantly higher mean body mass index in the European group (BMI: European-ancestry: 37.4 ± 6.8; Chinese-ancestry: 27.7 ± 4.0 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Our findings reveal significant microbiota differences between the two ethnicities, though we cannot determine the underpinning factors. In both cohorts Firmicutes was by far the dominant bacterial phylum (European-ancestry: 93.4 ± 5.5%; Chinese-ancestry: 79.6 ± 10.4% of 16S rRNA gene sequences), with Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria the next most abundant. Among the more abundant (≥1% overall relative sequence abundance) genus-level taxa, four zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) were significantly higher in the European-ancestry cohort, namely members of the Subdoligranulum, Blautia, Ruminoclostridium, and Dorea genera. Differential abundance analysis further identified a number of additional zOTUs to be disproportionately overrepresented across the two ethnicities, with the majority of taxa exhibiting a higher abundance in the Chinese-ancestry cohort. Our findings underscore a potential influence of ethnicity on gut microbiota composition in the context of individuals with overweight and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarsh Mathrani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P. Silvestre
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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2
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Hobi S, Cafarchia C, Romano V, Barrs VR. Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070708. [PMID: 35887463 PMCID: PMC9324274 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia spp. are commensals of the skin, oral/sinonasal cavity, lower respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Eighteen species have been recovered from humans, other mammals and birds. They can also be isolated from diverse environments, suggesting an evolutionary trajectory of adaption from an ecological niche in plants and soil to the mucocutaneous ecosystem of warm-blooded vertebrates. In humans, dogs and cats, Malassezia-associated dermatological conditions share some commonalities. Otomycosis is common in companion animals but is rare in humans. Systemic infections, which are increasingly reported in humans, have yet to be recognized in animals. Malassezia species have also been identified as pathogenetic contributors to some chronic human diseases. While Malassezia species are host-adapted, some species are zoophilic and can cause fungemia, with outbreaks in neonatal intensive care wards associated with temporary colonization of healthcare worker’s hands from contact with their pets. Although standardization is lacking, susceptibility testing is usually performed using a modified broth microdilution method. Antifungal susceptibility can vary depending on Malassezia species, body location, infection type, disease duration, presence of co-morbidities and immunosuppression. Antifungal resistance mechanisms include biofilm formation, mutations or overexpression of ERG11, overexpression of efflux pumps and gene rearrangements or overexpression in chromosome 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hobi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (V.R.B.)
| | - Claudia Cafarchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. prov. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, (Bari), 70010, Italy; (C.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Valentina Romano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. prov. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, (Bari), 70010, Italy; (C.C.); (V.R.)
| | - Vanessa R. Barrs
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Animal Health and Welfare, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (V.R.B.)
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3
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Hale SJM, Wagner Mackenzie B, Lux CA, Biswas K, Kim R, Douglas RG. Topical Antibiofilm Agents With Potential Utility in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Narrative Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:840323. [PMID: 35770097 PMCID: PMC9234399 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.840323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of bacterial biofilms in chronic and recalcitrant diseases is widely appreciated, and the treatment of biofilm infection is an increasingly important area of research. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex disease associated with sinonasal dysbiosis and the presence of bacterial biofilms. While most biofilm-related diseases are associated with highly persistent but relatively less severe inflammation, the presence of biofilms in CRS is associated with greater severity of inflammation and recalcitrance despite appropriate treatment. Oral antibiotics are commonly used to treat CRS but they are often ineffective, due to poor penetration of the sinonasal mucosa and the inherently antibiotic resistant nature of bacteria in biofilms. Topical non-antibiotic antibiofilm agents may prove more effective, but few such agents are available for sinonasal application. We review compounds with antibiofilm activity that may be useful for treating biofilm-associated CRS, including halogen-based compounds, quaternary ammonium compounds and derivatives, biguanides, antimicrobial peptides, chelating agents and natural products. These include preparations that are currently available and those still in development. For each compound, antibiofilm efficacy, mechanism of action, and toxicity as it relates to sinonasal application are summarised. We highlight the antibiofilm agents that we believe hold the greatest promise for the treatment of biofilm-associated CRS in order to inform future research on the management of this difficult condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J M Hale
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Brett Wagner Mackenzie
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christian A Lux
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kristi Biswas
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Raymond Kim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard G Douglas
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Sun H, Damania A, Mair ML, Otukoya E, Li YD, Polsky K, Zeng Y, Alt JA, Citardi MJ, Corry DB, Luong AU, Knight JM. STAT6 Blockade Abrogates Aspergillus-Induced Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Asthma, A Model of Unified Airway Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:818017. [PMID: 35281012 PMCID: PMC8904741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Unified airway disease, including concurrent asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), is a common, but poorly understood disorder with no curative treatment options. To establish a murine model of chronic unified eosinophilic airway inflammation, mice were challenged with Aspergillus niger, and sinonasal mucosa and lung tissue were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and gene expression. Inhalation of A niger conidia resulted in a Th2-biased lung and sinus inflammation that typifies allergic asthma and CRS. Gene network and pathway analysis correlated with human disease with upregulation of not only the JAK-STAT and helper T-cell pathways, but also less expected pathways governing the spliceosome, osteoclast differentiation, and coagulation pathways. Utilizing a specific inhibitor and gene-deficient mice, we demonstrate that STAT6 is required for mycosis-induced sinus inflammation. These findings confirm the relevance of this new model and portend future studies that further extend our understanding of the immunopathologic basis of airway mycosis and unified airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sun
- Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ashish Damania
- Department of Pediatrics-Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Megan L Mair
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eniola Otukoya
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yi-Dong Li
- Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katherine Polsky
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yuying Zeng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jeremiah A Alt
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Martin J Citardi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David B Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Michael E. Debakey VA Center for Translational Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Amber U Luong
- Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John Morgan Knight
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Baehren C, Buedding E, Bellm A, Schult F, Pembaur A, Wirth S, Ehrhardt A, Paulsen F, Postberg J, Aydin M. The Relevance of the Bacterial Microbiome, Archaeome and Mycobiome in Pediatric Asthma and Respiratory Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:1287. [PMID: 35455967 PMCID: PMC9024940 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria, as well as eukaryotes, principally fungi, of the upper respiratory tract play key roles in the etiopathogenesis of respiratory diseases, whereas the potential role of archaea remains poorly understood. In this review, we discuss the contribution of all three domains of cellular life to human naso- and oropharyngeal microbiomes, i.e., bacterial microbiota, eukaryotes (mostly fungi), as well as the archaeome and their relation to respiratory and atopic disorders in infancy and adolescence. With this review, we aim to summarize state-of-the-art contributions to the field published in the last decade. In particular, we intend to build bridges between basic and clinical science.
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6
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Yang Q, Ouyang J, Pi D, Feng L, Yang J. Malassezia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Accomplice of Evoking Tumorigenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:846469. [PMID: 35309351 PMCID: PMC8931276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a significantly higher risk of developing different cancers, while the exact mechanism involved is not yet fully understood. Malassezia is a lipid-dependent opportunistic yeast, which colonizes on mammalian skin and internal organs. Also, dysbiosis in fungal communities accompanied by high level of Malassezia are fairly common in inflammatory diseases such as IBD and various cancers. In cancer patients, higher levels of Malassezia are associated with worse prognosis. Once it is ablated in tumor-bearing mice, their prognostic conditions will be improved. Moreover, Malassezia manifests multiple proinflammatory biological properties, such as destruction of epithelial barrier, enrichment of inflammatory factors, and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), all of which have been reported to contribute to tumor initiation and malignant progression. Based on these facts, we hypothesize that high levels of Malassezia together with mycobiome dysbiosis in patients with IBD, would aggravate the microecological imbalance, worsen the inflammatory response, and further promote tumorigenesis and deterioration. Herein, we will discuss the detrimental properties of Malassezia and explore the key role of this fungus in the correlation between IBD and cancer, in order to take early surveillance and intervention to minimize the cancer risk in individuals with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Damao Pi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Li Feng, ; Jiadan Yang,
| | - Jiadan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Li Feng, ; Jiadan Yang,
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Abstract
We look back at the end of what soon will be seen as an historic year, from COVID-19 to real-world introduction of biologicals influencing the life of our patients. This review describes the important findings in Rhinology over the past year. A large body of evidence now demonstrates loss of sense of smell to be one of the most common symptoms of COVID-19 infection; a meta-analysis of 3563 patients found the mean prevalence of self-reported loss to be 47%. A number of studies have now shown long-term reduced loss of smell and parosmia. Given the high numbers of people affected by COVID-19, even with the best reported recovery rates, a significant number worldwide will be left with severe olfactory dysfunction. The most prevalent causes for olfactory dysfunction, besides COVID-19 and upper respiratory tract infections in general, are trauma and CRSwNP. For these CRSwNP patients a bright future seems to be starting with the development of treatment with biologics. This year the Nobel prize in Medicine 2021 was awarded jointly to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch which has greatly enhanced our understanding of nasal hyperreactivity and understanding of intranasal trigeminal function. Finally, a new definition of chronic rhinitis has been proposed in the last year and we have seen many papers emphasizing the importance of endotyping patients in chronic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis in order to optimise treatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Fokkens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B N Landis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Hopkins
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Reitsma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A R Sedaghat
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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8
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Abdillah A, Ranque S. Chronic Diseases Associated with Malassezia Yeast. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:855. [PMID: 34682276 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malassezia are a lipid-dependent basidiomycetous yeast of the normal skin microbiome, although Malassezia DNA has been recently detected in other body sites and has been associated with certain chronic human diseases. This new perspective raises many questions. Are these yeasts truly present in the investigated body site or were they contaminated by other body sites, adjacent or not? Does this DNA contamination come from living or dead yeast? If these yeasts are alive, do they belong to the resident mycobiota or are they transient colonizers which are not permanently established within these niches? Finally, are these yeasts associated with certain chronic diseases or not? In an attempt to shed light on this knowledge gap, we critically reviewed the 31 published studies focusing on the association of Malassezia spp. with chronic human diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (AD), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), HIV infection, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Hoggard M, Jacob B, Wheeler D, Zoing M, Chang K, Biswas K, Middleditch M, Douglas RG, Taylor MW. Multiomic analysis identifies natural intrapatient temporal variability and changes in response to systemic corticosteroid therapy in chronic rhinosinusitis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2020; 9:90-107. [PMID: 33220024 PMCID: PMC7860613 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathophysiology and temporal dynamics of affected tissues in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remain poorly understood. Here, we present a multiomics-based time-series assessment of nasal polyp biopsies from three patients with CRS, assessing natural variability over time and local response to systemic corticosteroid therapy. METHODS Polyp tissue biopsies were collected at three time points over two consecutive weeks. Patients were prescribed prednisone (30 mg daily) for 1 week between Collections 2 and 3. Polyp transcriptome, proteome, and microbiota were assessed via RNAseq, SWATH mass spectrometry, and 16S ribosomal RNA and ITS2 amplicon sequencing. Baseline interpatient variability, natural intrapatient variability over time, and local response to systemic corticosteroids, were investigated. RESULTS Overall, the highly abundant transcripts and proteins were associated with pathways involved in inflammation, FAS, cadherin, integrin, Wnt, apoptosis, and cytoskeletal signaling, as well as coagulation and B- and T-cell activation. Transcripts and proteins that naturally varied over time included those involved with inflammation- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related pathways, and a number of common candidate target biomarkers of CRS. Ten transcripts responded significantly to corticosteroid therapy, including downregulation of TNF, CCL20, and GSDMA, and upregulation of OVGP1, and PCDHGB1. Members of the bacterial genus Streptococcus positively correlated with immunoglobulin proteins IGKC and IGHG1. CONCLUSIONS Understanding natural dynamics of CRS-associated tissues is essential to provide baseline context for all studies on putative biomarkers, mechanisms, and subtypes of CRS. These data further our understanding of the natural dynamics within nasal polypoid tissue, as well as local changes in response to systemic corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bincy Jacob
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland Science Analytical Services, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Wheeler
- Nextgen Bioinformatic Services, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Zoing
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kevin Chang
- Department of Statistics, Statistical Consulting Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kristi Biswas
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Martin Middleditch
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland Science Analytical Services, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard G Douglas
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Lee K, Zhang I, Kyman S, Kask O, Cope EK. Co-infection of Malassezia sympodialis With Bacterial Pathobionts Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus Leads to Distinct Sinonasal Inflammatory Responses in a Murine Acute Sinusitis Model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:472. [PMID: 33014894 PMCID: PMC7498577 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-associated bacteria and fungi, comprising the microbiota, are critical to host health. In the airways, the composition and diversity of the mucosal microbiota of patients are associated with airway health status. However, the relationship between airway microbiota and respiratory inflammation is not well-understood. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex disease that affects up to 14% of the US population. Previous studies have shown decreased microbial diversity in CRS patients and enrichment of either Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Although bacterial community composition is variable across CRS patients, Malassezia is a dominant fungal genus in the upper airways of the majority of healthy and CRS subjects. We hypothesize that distinct bacterial-fungal interactions differentially influence host mucosal immune response. Thus, we investigated in vitro and in vivo interactions between Malassezia sympodialis, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus. The in vitro interactions were evaluated using the modified Kirby-Bauer Assay, Crystal Violet assay for biofilm, and FISH. A pilot murine model of acute sinusitis was used to investigate relationships with the host immune response. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were intranasally instilled in the presence or absence of M. sympodialis (n = 66 total mice; 3–5/group). Changes in the microbiota were determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and host immune response was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In vitro, only late stage planktonic P. aeruginosa and its biofilms inhibited M. sympodialis. Co-infection of mice with M. sympodialis and P. aeruginosa or S. aureus differently influenced the immune response. In co-infected mice, we demonstrate different expression of fungal sensing (Dectin-1), allergic responses (IL-5, and IL-13) and inflammation (IL-10, and IL-17) in murine sinus depending on the bacterial species that co-infected with M. sympodialis (p < 0.05). The pilot results suggest that species-specific interactions in airway-associated microbiota may be implicated driving immune responses. The understanding of the role of bacterial-fungal interactions in CRS will contribute to development of novel therapies toward manipulation of the airway microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keehoon Lee
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Irene Zhang
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Shari Kyman
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Oliver Kask
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Emily Kathryn Cope
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
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11
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Lee K, Zhang I, Kyman S, Kask O, Cope EK. Co-infection of Malassezia sympodialis With Bacterial Pathobionts Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus Leads to Distinct Sinonasal Inflammatory Responses in a Murine Acute Sinusitis Model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020. [DOI: 10.10.3389/fcimb.2020.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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12
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Wagner Mackenzie B, West AG, Waite DW, Lux CA, Douglas RG, Taylor MW, Biswas K. A Novel Description of the Human Sinus Archaeome During Health and Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:398. [PMID: 32850496 PMCID: PMC7423975 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human microbiome studies remain focused on bacteria, as they comprise the dominant component of the microbiota. Recent advances in sequencing technology and optimization of amplicon sequencing protocols have allowed the description of other members of the microbiome, including eukaryotes (fungi) and, most recently, archaea. There are no known human-associated archaeal pathogens. Their diversity and contribution to health and chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), are unknown. Patients with CRS suffer from long-term sinus infections, and while the microbiota is hypothesized to play a role in its pathogenesis, the exact mechanism is poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study, we applied a recently optimized protocol to describe the prevalence, diversity and abundance of archaea in swab samples from the middle meatus of 60 individuals with and without CRS. A nested PCR approach was used to amplify the archaeal 16S rRNA gene for sequencing, and bacterial and archaeal load (also based on 16S rRNA genes) were estimated using Droplet Digital™ PCR (ddPCR). A total of 16 archaeal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) from the phyla Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota were identified. Archaeal ASVs were detected in 7/60 individuals, independent of disease state, whereas bacterial ASVs were detected in 60/60. Bacteria were also significantly more abundant than archaea. The ddPCR method was more sensitive than amplicon sequencing at detecting archaeal DNA in samples. Phylogenetic trees were constructed to visualize the evolutionary relationships between archaeal ASVs, isolates and clones. ASVs were placed into phylogenetic clades containing an apparent paucity of human-associated reference sequences, revealing how little studied the human archaeome is. This is the largest study to date to examine the human respiratory-associated archaeome, and provides the first insights into the prevalence, diversity and abundance of archaea in the human sinuses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie G. West
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David W. Waite
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christian A. Lux
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard G. Douglas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kristi Biswas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Wagner Mackenzie B, Chang K, Zoing M, Jain R, Hoggard M, Biswas K, Douglas RG, Taylor MW. Longitudinal study of the bacterial and fungal microbiota in the human sinuses reveals seasonal and annual changes in diversity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17416. [PMID: 31758066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a pressing need for longitudinal studies which examine the stability of the sinonasal microbiota. In this study, we investigated bacterial and fungal community composition of the sinuses of four healthy individuals every month for one year, then once every three months for an additional year to capture seasonal variation. Sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS2 revealed communities that were mainly dominated by members of Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota, respectively. We observed overall shifts in both bacterial and fungal community diversity that were attributable to a combination of individual, seasonal and annual changes. The results suggest that each of the subjects possessed a strong bacterial sinonasal signature, but that fungal communities were less subject specific. Differences in fungal and bacterial diversity between subjects, and which OTUs may be correlated with seasonal differences, were investigated. A small core community that persisted throughout the two year sampling period was identified: Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium and Staphylococcus, and one type of fungus, Malassezia restricta. It is likely that bacterial and fungal airway microbiomes are dynamic and experience natural shifts in diversity with time. The underlying reasons for these shifts appear to be a combination of changes in environmental climate and host factors.
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Cao Y, Chen F, Sun Y, Hong H, Wen Y, Lai Y, Xu Z, Luo X, Chen Y, Shi J, Li H. LL‐37 promotes neutrophil extracellular trap formation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49:990-999. [PMID: 31046155 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Cao
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Fenghong Chen
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yueqi Sun
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Haiyu Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Yihui Wen
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yinyan Lai
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhaofeng Xu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xin Luo
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Chen
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Huabin Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
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