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Mayinger F, Micovic D, Schleich A, Roos M, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Retention force of polyetheretherketone and cobalt-chrome-molybdenum removable dental prosthesis clasps after artificial aging. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:3141-9. [PMID: 33064206 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the retention force of removable dental prosthesis (RDP) clasps made from polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and cobalt-chrome-molybdenum (CoCrMo, control group) after storage in water and artificial aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS For each material, 15 Bonwill clasps with retentive buccal and reciprocal lingual arms situated between the second pre- and first molar were manufactured by milling (Dentokeep [PEEKmilled1], NT digital implant technology; breCAM BioHPP Blank [PEEKmilled2], bredent), pressing (BioHPP Granulat for 2 press [PEEKpressed], bredent), or casting (remanium GM 800+ [CoCrMo], Dentaurum); N = 60, n = 15/subgroup. A total of 50 retention force measurements were performed for each specimen per aging level (initial; after storage [30 days, 37 °C] and 10,000 thermal cycles; after storage [60 days, 37 °C] and 20,000 thermal cycles) in a pull-off test. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, post hoc Scheffé and mixed models (p < 0.05). RESULTS Initial, PEEKpressed (80.2 ± 35.2) and PEEKmilled1 (98.9 ± 40.3) presented the lowest results, while PEEKmilled2 (170.2 ± 51.8) showed the highest values. After artificial aging, the highest retention force was observed for the control group (131.4 ± 56.8). The influence of artificial aging was significantly higher for PEEK-based materials. While PEEKmilled2 and PEEKpressed showed an initial decline in retention force, all other groups presented no impact or an increase in retention force over a repetitive insertion and removal of the clasps. CONCLUSIONS Within the tested PEEK materials, PEEKmilled2 presented superior results than PEEKpressed. Although CoCrMo showed higher values after artificial aging, all materials exhibited sufficient retention to recommend usage under clinical conditions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE As RDPs are still employed for a wide range of indications, esthetic alternatives to conventional CoCrMo clasps are sought.
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Micovic D, Mayinger F, Bauer S, Roos M, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Is the high-performance thermoplastic polyetheretherketone indicated as a clasp material for removable dental prostheses? Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:2859-2866. [PMID: 33026523 PMCID: PMC8060225 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the retention force of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) removable dental prosthesis clasps in comparison with a cobalt-chrome-molybdenum control group after storage in artificial saliva. Materials and Methods Clasps were milled (Dentokeep (PEEKmilled1), NT digital implant technology; breCAM BioHPP Blank (PEEKmilled2), bredent), pressed (BioHPP Granulat for 2 press (PEEKpressed), bredent), or cast (remanium GM 800+ (cobalt-chrome-molybdenum), Dentaurum); N = 60, n = 15/subgroup. Retention force was examined 50 times/specimen in a pull-off test using the universal testing machine (Zwick 1445), where pull-off force was applied with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/minute until the maximum force dropped by 10%, at different aging levels: (1) initial, after storage in artificial saliva for (2) 90 and (3) 180 days. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Scheffé-test and mixed models (p < 0.05). Results Cobalt-chrome-molybdenum presented the highest retention force. No differences were observed between polyetheretherketone materials. Cobalt-chrome-molybdenum showed a significant decrease of its values after artificial aging, while polyetheretherketone materials presented similar results over the course of aging. Regarding a repetitive insertion and removal, even though PEEKmilled2 and cobalt-chrome-molybdenum showed an initial increase, ultimately, a decrease in retention force was observed for all tested groups. Conclusions Although the control group showed significantly higher results, the retention force of polyetheretherketone materials indicate a potential clinical application. Neither the manufacturing process nor artificial aging showed an impact on the retention force of polyetheretherketone clasps. Clinical relevance Mechanical properties of novel removable dental prosthesis clasp materials devised to meet the growing esthetic demands of patients need to be investigated to ensure a successful long-term clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danka Micovic
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Felicitas Mayinger
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Roos
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marlis Eichberger
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Tribst JPM, Dal Piva AMDO, Borges ALS, Araújo RM, da Silva JMF, Bottino MA, Kleverlaan CJ, de Jager N. Effect of different materials and undercut on the removal force and stress distribution in circumferential clasps during direct retainer action in removable partial dentures. Dent Mater 2019; 36:179-186. [PMID: 31791736 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different materials and undercut on the removal force and stress distribution in the supporting tooth and in the circumferential clasp used in removable partial prosthesis. METHODS Upper molars prepared for Akers circumferential clasp with retention and opposing arm were modeled, scanned, elaborated with CAD software and the geometries imported in FEA and analyzed. Six different materials were selected for the clasp (Polyamide, Polyoxymethylene, Polyetheretherketone - PEEK, Gold alloy, Titanium and CoCr) and 3 different undercuts (0.25, 0.50 and 0.75mm), totaling 18 groups. RESULTS The clasps presented greater stress in their structure and potentially greater damage to the dental enamel when made with rigid materials and with more undercut; however, they presented greater ability to remain in position. SIGNIFICANCE Polyamide with a higher undercut is an esthetic alternative to rigid metallic clasps. It showed promising behavior because it strongly reduces the damage to the enamel, and even with an undercut of 0.75, the retention is lower than for CoCr with a 0.25 undercut, and this retention might still be sufficient. Polyoxymethylene and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) are not suitable materials for the clasps, because the maximum stress occurring during removal with higher undercuts is higher than the material strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- PhD Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, nº 777. Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil; Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan #3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands.
| | - Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva
- PhD Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, nº 777. Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil; Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan #3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands.
| | - Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
- PhD Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, nº 777. Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Máximo Araújo
- PhD Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, nº 777. Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | - João Maurício Ferraz da Silva
- PhD Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, nº 777. Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marco Antonio Bottino
- PhD Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, nº 777. Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan #3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands.
| | - Niek de Jager
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan #3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands.
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