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Bu J, Lee TH, Jeong WJ, Poellmann MJ, Mudd K, Eun HS, Liu EW, Hong S, Hyun SH. Enhanced detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) enables its use as a reliable biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242145. [PMID: 33264292 PMCID: PMC7710035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of various tumors, clinical correlation of cfDNA with gastric cancer has not been fully understood. To address this, we developed a highly sensitive cfDNA capture system by integrating polydopamine (PDA) and silica. PDA-silica hybrids incorporated different molecular interactions to a single system, enhancing cfDNA capture by 1.34-fold compared to the conventional silica-based approach (p = 0.001), which was confirmed using cell culture supernatants. A clinical study using human plasma samples revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of the new system to be superior than the commercially available cfDNA kit, as well as other serum antigen tests. Among the cancer patients, plasma cfDNA levels exhibited a good correlation with the size of a tumor. cfDNA was also predicative of distant metastasis, as the median cfDNA levels of metastatic cancer patients were ~60-fold higher than those without metastasis (p = 0.008). Furthermore, high concordance between tissue biopsy and cfDNA genomic analysis was found, as HER2 expression in cfDNA demonstrated an area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.976 (p <0.001) for detecting patients with HER2-positive tumors. The new system also revealed high prognostic capability of cfDNA, as the concentration of cfDNA was highly associated with the survival outcomes. Our novel technology demonstrates the potential to achieve efficient detection of cfDNA that may serve as a reliable biomarker for gastric tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Bu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Tae Hee Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduated School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Future Medical Science, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital (CNUSH), Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-jin Jeong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J. Poellmann
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Kara Mudd
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Hyuk Soo Eun
- Divison of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Elizabeth W. Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Seungpyo Hong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Yonsei Frontier Lab and Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SH); (SHH)
| | - Sung Hee Hyun
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduated School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SH); (SHH)
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