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Storch-De-Gracia P, Fernández JL, Velasco R, Saez I, Rodrigo R, Yañez S, Castellarnau E, Gil E, Del Rio P, Garrido E, Castaño A, Perez Á, Cabrerizo M, Hernández M, Pérez JJ, de la Torre MJ, Nadal G, Martínez J, Sánchez-Tatay V. Invasive bacterial infection in children with fever and petechial rash in the emergency department: a national prospective observational study. Arch Dis Child 2023; 108:445-450. [PMID: 37019466 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2022-325281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence and clinical predictors of invasive bacterial infection (IBI) in well-appearing children who present to the emergency department (ED) with fever and petechiae. DESIGN A prospective, observational, multicentre study was conducted in 18 hospitals between November 2017 and October 2019. PATIENTS A total of 688 patients were recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the presence of IBI. Clinical features and laboratory test results were described and related to the presence of IBI. RESULTS Ten IBIs were found (1.5%), comprising eight cases of meningococcal disease and two of occult pneumococcal bacteraemia. Median age was 26.2 months (IQR 15.3-51.2). Blood samples were obtained from 575 patients (83.3%). Patients with an IBI had a shorter time from fever to ED visit (13.5 hours vs 24 hours) and between fever and rash onset (3.5 hours vs 24 hours). Values for absolute leucocyte count, total neutrophil count, C reactive protein and procalcitonin were significantly higher in patients with an IBI. Significantly fewer patients with a favourable clinical status while in the observation unit were found to have an IBI (2/408 patients, 0.5%) than when clinical status was unfavourable (3/18, 16.7%). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of IBI among children with fever and petechial rash is lower than previously reported (1.5%). The time from fever to ED visit and to rash onset was shorter in patients with an IBI. Patients with a favourable clinical course during observation in the ED are at lower risk of IBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Luis Fernández
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Roberto Velasco
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Itsaso Saez
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Rocío Rodrigo
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Yañez
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, Oleiros, Spain
| | - Ester Castellarnau
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elena Gil
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Comarcal de Laredo, Laredo, Spain
| | | | - Estíbaliz Garrido
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antón Castaño
- Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijon, Spain
| | - Álvaro Perez
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain
| | - María Cabrerizo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Hernández
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Materno Infantil de Las Palmas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | - Gemma Nadal
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Spain
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Leal LG, Perez Á, Quintero A, Bayona Á, Ortiz JF, Gangadharan A, Mackey D, López C, López-Kleine L. Identification of immunity-related genes in Arabidopsis and cassava using genomic data. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 2013; 11:345-53. [PMID: 24316329 PMCID: PMC4357831 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in genomic and post-genomic technologies have provided the opportunity to generate a previously unimaginable amount of information. However, biological knowledge is still needed to improve the understanding of complex mechanisms such as plant immune responses. Better knowledge of this process could improve crop production and management. Here, we used holistic analysis to combine our own microarray and RNA-seq data with public genomic data from Arabidopsis and cassava in order to acquire biological knowledge about the relationships between proteins encoded by immunity-related genes (IRGs) and other genes. This approach was based on a kernel method adapted for the construction of gene networks. The obtained results allowed us to propose a list of new IRGs. A putative function in the immunity pathway was predicted for the new IRGs. The analysis of networks revealed that our predicted IRGs are either well documented or recognized in previous co-expression studies. In addition to robust relationships between IRGs, there is evidence suggesting that other cellular processes may be also strongly related to immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Guillermo Leal
- Department of Statistics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Álvaro Perez
- Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Andrés Quintero
- Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Ángela Bayona
- Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Juan Felipe Ortiz
- Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Anju Gangadharan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - David Mackey
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Camilo López
- Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Liliana López-Kleine
- Department of Statistics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
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