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Irwin CL, Coelho PS, Kluwe-Schiavon B, Silva-Fernandes A, Gonçalves ÓF, Leite J, Carvalho S. Non-pharmacological treatment-related changes of molecular biomarkers in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100367. [PMID: 36762034 PMCID: PMC9883286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mood disorder and leading cause of disability. Despite treatment advances, approximately 30% of individuals with MDD do not achieve adequate clinical response. Better understanding the biological mechanism(s) underlying clinical response to specific psychopharmacological interventions may help fine tune treatments in order to further modulate their underlying mechanisms of action. However, little is known regarding the effect of non-pharmacological treatments (NPTs) on candidate molecular biomarker levels in MDD. This review aims to identify molecular biomarkers that may elucidate NPT response for MDD. Methods We performed a systematic review and a multilevel linear mixed-effects meta-analyses, and a meta-regression. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO in October 2020 and July 2021. Results From 1387 retrieved articles, 17 and six studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analyses, respectively. Although there was little consensus associating molecular biomarker levels with symptomology and/or treatment response, brain metabolites accessed via molecular biomarker-focused neuroimaging techniques may provide promising information on whether an individual with MDD would respond positively to NPTs. Furthermore, non-invasive brain stimulation interventions significantly increased the expression of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) compared to sham/placebo, regardless of add-on pharmacological treatment. Conclusions NTFs are candidate biomarkers to fine-tune NIBS for MDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L. Irwin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis-Pasteur Pvt, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, The Psychology Research Centre (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-054, Portugal
| | - Patrícia S. Coelho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-054, Portugal
- Association P5 Digital Medical Centre (ACMP5), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-054, Portugal
| | - Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, The Psychology Research Centre (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-054, Portugal
| | - Anabela Silva-Fernandes
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, The Psychology Research Centre (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-054, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Proaction Laboratory, CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Colégio de Jesus, R. Inácio Duarte 65, Coimbra 3000-481, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leite
- Portucalense University, Portucalense Institute for Human Development, INPP, Rua. Dr António Bernardino de Almeida 541/619 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Translational Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Education and Psychology, William James Center for Research (WJCR), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
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Branco D, Gonçalves ÓF, Badia SBI. A Systematic Review of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) around the World. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:3866. [PMID: 37112214 PMCID: PMC10143386 DOI: 10.3390/s23083866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Standardized Emotion Elicitation Databases (SEEDs) allow studying emotions in laboratory settings by replicating real-life emotions in a controlled environment. The International Affective Pictures System (IAPS), containing 1182 coloured images as stimuli, is arguably the most popular SEED. Since its introduction, multiple countries and cultures have validated this SEED, making its adoption on the study of emotion a worldwide success. For this review, 69 studies were included. Results focus on the discussion of validation processes by combining self-report and physiological data (Skin Conductance Level, Heart Rate Variability and Electroencephalography) and self-report only. Cross-age, cross-cultural and sex differences are discussed. Overall, IAPS is a robust instrument for emotion elicitation around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Branco
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Engineering (FCEE) & Madeira N-LINCS, University of Madeira, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento de Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Proaction Laboratory, CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Colégio de Jesus, University of Coimbra, R. Inácio Duarte 65, 3000-481 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sergi Bermúdez i Badia
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Engineering (FCEE) & Madeira N-LINCS, University of Madeira, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento de Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
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Lee D, Guiomar R, Gonçalves ÓF, Almeida J, Ganho-Ávila A. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on neural activity and functional connectivity during fear extinction. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100342. [PMID: 36299490 PMCID: PMC9578989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and negatively impact daily functioning and quality of life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), especially in the right hemisphere impacts extinction learning; however, the underlying neural mechanisms are elusive. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of cathodal tDCS stimulation to the right dlPFC on neural activity and connectivity patterns during delayed fear extinction in healthy participants. Methods We conducted a two-day fear conditioning and extinction procedure. On the first day, we collected fear-related self-reports, clinical questionnaires, and skin conductance responses during fear acquisition. On the second day, participants in the tDCS group (n = 16) received 20-min offline tDCS before fMRI and then completed the fear extinction session during fMRI. Participants in the control group (n = 18) skipped tDCS and directly underwent fMRI to complete the fear extinction procedure. Whole-brain searchlight classification and resting-state functional connectivity analyses were performed. Results Whole-brain searchlight classification during fear extinction showed higher classification accuracy of threat and safe cues in the left anterior dorsal and ventral insulae and hippocampus in the tDCS group than in the control group. Functional connectivity derived from the insula with the dlPFC, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and inferior parietal lobule was increased after tDCS. Conclusion tDCS over the right dlPFC may function as a primer for information exchange among distally connected areas, thereby increasing stimulus discrimination. The current study did not include a sham group, and one participant of the control group was not randomized. Therefore, to address potential allocation bias, findings should be confirmed in the future with a fully randomized and sham controlled study.
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Key Words
- ACC, anterior cingulate cortex
- CS, conditioned stimulus
- EPI, echo-planar imaging
- FOV, field of view
- Fear extinction
- GLM, general linear model
- HC, hippocampus
- IPL, inferior parietal lobule
- PFC, prefrontal cortex
- Resting-state functional connectivity
- SCR, skin conductance response
- TE, echo time
- TR, repetition time
- US, unconditioned stimulus
- Whole-brain searchlight classification
- dAI, dorsal anterior insula
- dlPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
- fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging
- tDCS
- tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation
- vAI, ventral anterior insula
- vmPFC, ventromedial prefrontal cortex
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongha Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author at: Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea 41062.
| | - Raquel Guiomar
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo 3000-115, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Proaction Laboratory, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Almeida
- Proaction Laboratory, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Ganho-Ávila
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo 3000-115, Coimbra, Portugal,Corresponding author at: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Oliveira-Silva P, Maia L, Coutinho J, Moreno AF, Penalba L, Frank B, Soares JM, Sampaio A, Gonçalves ÓF. Nodes of the default mode network implicated in the quality of empathic responses: A clinical perspective of the empathic response. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100319. [PMID: 36168601 PMCID: PMC9485908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Oliveira-Silva
- HNL - Human Neurobehavioral Laboratory, CEDH – Research Centre for Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
- Corresponding author.
| | - Liliana Maia
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Coutinho
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Moreno
- HNL - Human Neurobehavioral Laboratory, CEDH – Research Centre for Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucia Penalba
- HNL - Human Neurobehavioral Laboratory, CEDH – Research Centre for Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - José Miguel Soares
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, ICVS, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Proaction Lab, CINEICC – Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Leite J, Gonçalves ÓF, Carvalho S. Speed of Processing (SoP) Training Plus α-tACS in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Double Blind, Parallel, Placebo Controlled Trial Study Protocol. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:880510. [PMID: 35928993 PMCID: PMC9344129 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.880510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several cognitive training programs, alone or in combination with non-invasive brain stimulation have been tested in order to ameliorate age-related cognitive impairments, such as the ones found in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). However, the effects of Cognitive Training (CT)—combined or not—with several forms of non-invasive brain stimulation have been modest at most. We aim to assess if Speed of Processing (SoP) training combined with alpha transcranial alternating current stimulation (α-tACS) is able to increase speed of processing as assessed by the Useful Field of View (UFOV), when comparing to SoP training or active α-tACS alone. Moreover, we want to assess if those changes in speed of processing transfer to other cognitive domains, such as memory, language and executive functioning by using the NIH EXAMINER. We also want to test the mechanisms underlying these interventions, namely brain connectivity and coherence as assessed by electroencephalography (EEG). To that purpose, our proposal is to enroll 327 elders diagnosed with MCI in a double-blinded, parallel randomized clinical trial assessing the effects of combining SoP with alpha endogenous tACS (either active or sham) in people with MCI. Participants will perform an intervention that will last for 15 sessions. For the first 3 weeks, participants will receive nine sessions of the intervention, and then will receive two sessions per week (i.e., booster) for the following 3 weeks. They will then be assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months after the intervention has ended. This will allow us to detect the immediate, and long-term effects of the interventions, as well as to probe the mechanisms underlying its effects.Clinical Trial Registration:Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT05198726.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Leite
- Portucalense Institute for Human Development—INPP, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal
- Portuguese Network for the Psychological Neuroscience, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Jorge Leite
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Portuguese Network for the Psychological Neuroscience, Portugal
- Proaction Laboratory, CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Portuguese Network for the Psychological Neuroscience, Portugal
- Department of Education and Psychology and William James Center for Research, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- The Psychology Research Centre (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Gonçalves ÓF, del Re EC, Jones LK, Corbella S. Towards a (Neuro)Science Based Clinical & Health Psychology. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2022; 22:100300. [PMID: 35399593 PMCID: PMC8960970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Proaction Lab- CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Corresponding author: Proaction Lab, University of Coimbra, Colégio de Jesus, R. Inácio Duarte 65, 3000-481 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | | - Laura k. Jones
- Department of Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina at Asheville
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Tubío-Fungueiriño M, Cernadas E, Gonçalves ÓF, Segalas C, Bertolín S, Mar-Barrutia L, Real E, Fernández-Delgado M, Menchón JM, Carvalho S, Alonso P, Carracedo A, Fernández-Prieto M. Viability Study of Machine Learning-Based Prediction of COVID-19 Pandemic Impact in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients. Front Neuroinform 2022; 16:807584. [PMID: 35221957 PMCID: PMC8866769 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2022.807584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Machine learning modeling can provide valuable support in different areas of mental health, because it enables to make rapid predictions and therefore support the decision making, based on valuable data. However, few studies have applied this method to predict symptoms’ worsening, based on sociodemographic, contextual, and clinical data. Thus, we applied machine learning techniques to identify predictors of symptomatologic changes in a Spanish cohort of OCD patients during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods 127 OCD patients were assessed using the Yale–Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and a structured clinical interview during the COVID-19 pandemic. Machine learning models for classification (LDA and SVM) and regression (linear regression and SVR) were constructed to predict each symptom based on patient’s sociodemographic, clinical and contextual information. Results A Y-BOCS score prediction model was generated with 100% reliability at a score threshold of ± 6. Reliability of 100% was reached for obsessions and/or compulsions related to COVID-19. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were predicted with less reliability (correlation R of 0.58 and 0.68, respectively). The suicidal thoughts are predicted with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 88%. The best results are achieved by SVM and SVR. Conclusion Our findings reveal that sociodemographic and clinical data can be used to predict changes in OCD symptomatology. Machine learning may be valuable tool for helping clinicians to rapidly identify patients at higher risk and therefore provide optimized care, especially in future pandemics. However, further validation of these models is required to ensure greater reliability of the algorithms for clinical implementation to specific objectives of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Tubío-Fungueiriño
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva Cernadas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Intelixentes (CiTIUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Proaction Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cinto Segalas
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’ Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Bertolín
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’ Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorea Mar-Barrutia
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Real
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’ Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fernández-Delgado
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Intelixentes (CiTIUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose M. Menchón
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’ Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Translational Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Education and Psychology and William James Center for Research (WJCR), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pino Alonso
- OCD Clinical and Research Unit, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’ Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Genetics Group GC05, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montse Fernández-Prieto
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Genetics Group GC05, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Montse Fernández-Prieto,
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Mendes AJ, Pacheco-Barrios K, Lema A, Gonçalves ÓF, Fregni F, Leite J, Carvalho S. Modulation of the cognitive event-related potential P3 by transcranial direct current stimulation: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:894-907. [PMID: 34742723 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been widely used to modulate cognition and behavior. However, only a few studies have been probing the brain mechanism underlying the effects of tDCS on cognitive processing, especially throughout electrophysiological markers, such as the P3. This meta-analysis assessed the effects of tDCS in P3 amplitude and latency during an oddball, n-back, and Go/No-Go tasks, as well as during emotional processing. A total of 36 studies were identified, but only 23 were included in the quantitative analysis. The results show that the parietal P3 amplitude increased during oddball and n-back tasks, mostly after anodal stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (p = 0.018, SMD = 0.4) and right inferior frontal gyrus (p < 0.001, SMD = 0.669) respectively. These findings suggest the potential usefulness of the parietal P3 ERP as a marker of tDCS-induced effects during task performance. Nonetheless, this study had a low number of studies and the presence of considerable risk of bias, highlighting issues to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto J Mendes
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Kevin Pacheco-Barrios
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Lema
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Proaction Laboratory - CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jorge Leite
- INPP, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Lema A, Carvalho S, Fregni F, Gonçalves ÓF, Leite J. The effects of direct current stimulation and random noise stimulation on attention networks. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6201. [PMID: 33737661 PMCID: PMC7973424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention is a complex cognitive process that selects specific stimuli for further processing. Previous research suggested the existence of three attentional networks: alerting, orienting and executive. However, one important topic is how to enhance the efficiency of attentional networks. In this context, understanding how this system behaves under two different modulatory conditions, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS), will provide important insights towards the understanding of the attention network system. Twenty-seven healthy students took part on a randomized single-blinded crossover study, testing the effects that involved three modalities of unilateral stimulation (tRNS, anodal tDCS, and sham) over the DLPFC, during the performance of the attention network test (ANT) in three different conditions: standard, speed and accuracy. Results showed that tRNS was able to increase attention during more complex situations, namely by increasing alerting and decreasing conflict effect in the executive network. Under the Speed condition, tRNS increased efficiency of the alerting network, as well as under the more demanding conflict network, tRNS overall increased the performance when comparing to sham. No statistical significant effects of tDCS were observed. These results are compatible with the attention requiring the synchronization of pre-existing networks, rather the reinforcement or creation of new pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lema
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital & Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leite
- I2P-Portucalense Institute for Psychology, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal.
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Vasconcelos M, Viding E, Sebastian CL, Faria S, Almeida PR, Gonçalves ÓF, Gonçalves RA, Sampaio A, Seara-Cardoso A. Callous-Unemotional Traits Moderate Anticipated Guilt and Wrongness Judgments to Everyday Moral Transgressions in Adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:625328. [PMID: 33762977 PMCID: PMC7982950 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Callous-unemotional (CU) traits observed during childhood and adolescence are thought to be precursors of psychopathic traits in adulthood. Adults with high levels of psychopathic traits typically present antisocial behavior. Such behavior can be indicative of atypical moral processing. Evidence suggests that moral dysfunction in these individuals may stem from a disruption of affective components of moral processing rather than from an inability to compute moral judgments per se. No study to date has tested if the dissociation between affective and cognitive dimensions of moral processing linked to psychopathic traits in adulthood is also linked to CU traits during development. Here, 47 typically developing adolescents with varying levels of CU traits completed a novel, animated cartoon task depicting everyday moral transgressions and indicated how they would feel in such situations and how morally wrong the situations were. Adolescents with higher CU traits reported reduced anticipated guilt and wrongness appraisals of the transgressions. However, our key finding was a significant interaction between CU traits and anticipated guilt in predicting wrongness judgments. The strength of the association between anticipated guilt and wrongness judgement was significantly weaker for those with higher levels of CU traits. This evidence extends our knowledge on the cognitive-affective processing deficits that may underlie moral dysfunction in youth who are at heightened risk for antisocial behavior and psychopathy in adulthood. Future longitudinal research is required to elucidate whether there is an increased dissociation between different components of moral processing from adolescence to adulthood for those with high psychopathic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Vasconcelos
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Essi Viding
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Susana Faria
- Department of Mathematics, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro R. Almeida
- Faculty of Law, Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Crime Justice and Security, School of Criminology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui A. Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- School of Psychology, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Seara-Cardoso
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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11
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Gonçalves ÓF, Dias da Silva MR, Carvalho S, Coelho P, Lema A, Mendes AJ, Branco D, Collus J, Boggio PS, Leite J. Mind wandering: Tracking perceptual decoupling, mental improvisation, and mental navigation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1037/pne0000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Esménio S, Soares JM, Oliveira-Silva P, Gonçalves ÓF, Friston K, Fernandes Coutinho J. Changes in the Effective Connectivity of the Social Brain When Making Inferences About Close Others vs. the Self. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:151. [PMID: 32410974 PMCID: PMC7202326 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research showed that the ability to make inferences about our own and other’s mental states rely on common brain pathways; particularly in the case of close relationships (e.g., romantic relationships). Despite the evidence for shared neural representations of self and others, less is known about the distributed processing within these common neural networks, particularly whether there are specific patterns of internode communication when focusing on other vs. self. This study aimed to characterize context-sensitive coupling among social brain regions involved in self and other understanding. Participants underwent an fMRI while watching emotional video vignettes of their romantic partner and elaborated on their partner’s (other-condition) or on their own experience (self-condition). We used dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to quantify the associated changes in effective connectivity (EC) in a network of brain regions involved in social cognition including the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), the posterior cingulate (PCC)/precuneus and middle temporal gyrus (MTG). DCM revealed that: the PCC plays a central coordination role within this network, the bilateral MTG receives driving inputs from other nodes suggesting that social information is first processed in language comprehension regions; the right TPJ evidenced a selective increase in its sensitivity when focusing on the other’s experience, relative to focusing on oneself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Esménio
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - José Miguel Soares
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center, Braga, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Oliveira-Silva
- Human Neurobehavioral Laboratory, CEDH-Research Centre for Human Development, Faculdade de Educação e Psicologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Center for Neuromodulation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Karl Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Fernandes Coutinho
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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13
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Tubío Fungueiriño M, Fernández Prieto M, Carvalho S, Leite J, Carracedo Á, Gonçalves ÓF. Executive impairments in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A systematic review with emotional and non-emotional paradigms. Psicothema 2020; 32:24-32. [PMID: 31954412 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2019.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Precedent: Impairments in executive functioning may be associated with compulsive symptoms in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control and working memory in OCD patients, using emotional and non-emotional paradigms. METHOD we reviewed research published in PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo, Scopus, Scielo, and ProQuest Psychology databases, from January 2008 to April 2019. The review followed a two-stage process. In the first stage, we selected only studies using neutral stimuli paradigms, while in the second we selected executive-emotional paradigms. RESULTS The first stage of the review provided 16 final results, while the second stage, with emotional stimuli, provided 3 results. CONCLUSIONS There is some initial evidence for the existence of executive impairments in OCD, as expressed in the performance and/or processing of working memory inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. There is also initial evidence that these latter two could be modulated by the presentation or mental representation of negative valence stimuli or images, as well as the presence of aversive contingencies.
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14
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Carvalho S, Gonçalves ÓF, Brunoni AR, Fernandes-Gonçalves A, Fregni F, Leite J. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as an Add-on Treatment to Cognitive-Behavior Therapy in First Episode Drug-Naïve Major Depression Patients: The ESAP Study Protocol. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:563058. [PMID: 33240121 PMCID: PMC7669750 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.563058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) affects more than 264 million people worldwide. Current treatments include the use of psychotherapy and/or drugs, however ~30% of patients either do not respond to these treatments, or do not tolerate the side effects associated to the use of pharmacological interventions. Thus, it is important to study non-pharmacological interventions targeting mechanisms not directly involved with the regulation of neurotransmitters. Several studies demonstrated that transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) can be effective for symptoms relief in MDD. However, tDCS seems to have a better effect when used as an add-on treatment to other interventions. Methods/Design: This is a study protocol for a parallel, randomized, triple-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial in which a total of 90 drug-naïve, first-episode MDD patients (45 per arm) will be randomized to one of two groups to receive a 6-weeks of CBT combined with either active or sham tDCS to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The primary outcome will depressive symptoms improvement as assessed by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) at 6-weeks. The secondary aim is to test whether CBT combined with tDCS can engage the proposed mechanistic target of restoring the prefrontal imbalance and connectivity through the bilateral modulation of the DLPFC, as assessed by changes over resting-state and emotional task eliciting EEG. Discussion: This study evaluates the synergetic clinical effects of CBT and tDCS in the first episode, drug-naïve, patients with MDD. First episode MDD patients provide an interesting opportunity, as their brains were not changed by the pharmacological treatments, by the time course, or by the recurrence of MDD episodes (and other comorbidities). Trial Registration: This study is registered with the United States National Library of Medicine Clinical Trials Registry (NCT03548545). Registered June 7, 2018, clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03548545. Protocol Version 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Carvalho
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André R Brunoni
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Fregni
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jorge Leite
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Univ Portucalense, Portucalense Institute for Human Development-INPP, Porto, Portugal
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15
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Sousa SS, Sampaio A, Marques P, López-Caneda E, Gonçalves ÓF, Crego A. Functional and structural connectivity of the executive control network in college binge drinkers. Addict Behav 2019; 99:106009. [PMID: 31487578 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Binge Drinking (BD) is a pattern of excessive alcohol consumption highly prevalent among college students, and has been associated with structural and functional alterations of brain networks. Recent advances in the resting-state connectivity analysis have boosted the research of the network-level connectivity disturbances associated with many psychiatric and neurological disorders, including addiction. Accordingly, atypical functional connectivity patterns in resting-state networks such as the Executive Control Network (ECN) have been found in substance users and alcohol-dependent individuals. In this study, we assessed for the first time the ECN functional and structural connectivity in a group of 34 college students, 20 (10 women) binge drinkers (BDs) in comparison with a group of 14 (8 women) alcohol abstinent controls (AACs). Overall, our findings documented increased resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the BDs left middle frontal cortex of the left ECN in comparison to the AACs, while no structural connectivity differences were observed between groups. Pearson correlations revealed a positive association between the left middle frontal gyrus rsFC and the frequency of BD episodes per month, in the BD group. These findings suggest that maintaining a pattern of acute and intermittent alcohol consumption during important stages of brain development, as the transition from adolescence to adulthood, is associated with impaired ECN rsFC despite no group differences being yet noticed in the ECN structural connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia S Sousa
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Paulo Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital. Harvard Medical School, Charlestown campus: 79/96 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Applied Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 404 International Village, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alberto Crego
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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16
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Ganho-Ávila A, Gonçalves ÓF, Guiomar R, Boggio PS, Asthana MK, Krypotos AM, Almeida J. The effect of cathodal tDCS on fear extinction: A cross-measures study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221282. [PMID: 31532768 PMCID: PMC6750569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extinction-based procedures are often used to inhibit maladaptive fear responses. However, because extinction procedures show efficacy limitations, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been suggested as a promising add-on enhancer. OBJECTIVE In this study, we tested how cathodal tDCS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex affects extinction and tried to unveil the processes at play that boost the effectiveness of extinction procedures and its translational potential to the treatment of anxiety disorders. METHODS We implemented a fear conditioning paradigm whereby 41 healthy women (mean age = 20.51 ± 5.0) were assigned to either cathodal tDCS (n = 27) or sham tDCS (n = 16). Fear responses were measured with self-reports, autonomic responses, and implicit avoidance tendencies. RESULTS Cathodal tDCS shows no statistically significant effect in extinction, according to self-reports, and seems to even negatively affect fear conditioned skin conductance responses. However, one to three months after the tDCS session and extinction, we found a group difference in the action tendencies towards the neutral stimuli (F (1, 41) = 12.04, p = .001, ηp2 = .227), with the cathodal tDCS group (as opposed to the sham group) showing a safety learning (a positive bias towards the CS-), with a moderate effect size. This suggests that cathodal tDCS may foster stimuli discrimination, leading to a decreased generalization effect. DISCUSSION Cathodal tDCS may have enhanced long-term distinctiveness between threatening cues and perceptively similar neutral cues through a disambiguation process of the value of the neutral stimuli-a therapeutic target in anxiety disorders. Future studies should confirm these results and extend the study of cathodal tDCS effect on short term avoidance tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ganho-Ávila
- Proaction Laboratory, Cognitive and Behavior Center for Research and Intervention Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Raquel Guiomar
- Proaction Laboratory, Cognitive and Behavior Center for Research and Intervention Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Sérgio Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manish Kumar Asthana
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | | | - Jorge Almeida
- Proaction Laboratory, Cognitive and Behavior Center for Research and Intervention Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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17
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Gonçalves ÓF, Carvalho S, Mendes AJ, Leite J, Boggio PS. Neuromodulating Attention and Mind-Wandering Processes with a Single Session Real Time EEG. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2019; 43:143-151. [PMID: 29797155 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-018-9394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Our minds are continuously alternating between external attention (EA) and mind wandering (MW). An appropriate balance between EA and MW is important for promoting efficient perceptual processing, executive functioning, decision-making, auto-biographical memory, and creativity. There is evidence that EA processes are associated with increased activity in high-frequency EEG bands (e.g., SMR), contrasting with the dominance of low-frequency bands during MW (e.g., Theta). The aim of the present study was to test the effects of two distinct single session real-time EEG (rtEEG) protocols (SMR up-training/Theta down-training-SMR⇑Theta⇓; Theta up-training/SMR down-training-Theta⇑SMR⇓) on EA and MW processes. Thirty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two rtEEG training protocols (SMR⇑Theta⇓; Theta⇑SMR⇓). Before and after the rtEEG training, participants completed the attention network task (ANT) along with several MW measures. Both training protocols were effective in increasing SMR (SMR⇑Theta⇓) and theta (Theta⇑SMR⇓) amplitudes but not in decreasing the amplitude of down-trained bands. There were no significant effects of the rtEEG training in either EA or MW measures. However, there was a significant positive correlation between post-training SMR increases and the use of deliberate MW (rather than spontaneous) strategies. Additionally, for the Theta⇑SMR⇓ protocol, increase in post-training Theta amplitude was significantly associated with a decreased efficiency in the orientation network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. .,Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Augusto J Mendes
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leite
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Portucalense Institute for Human Development (INPP), Universidade Portucalense, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Miguel HO, Gonçalves ÓF, Sampaio A. Behavioral response to tactile stimuli relates to brain response to affective touch in 12‐month‐old infants. Dev Psychobiol 2019; 62:107-115. [DOI: 10.1002/dev.21891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helga O. Miguel
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology University of Minho Braga Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology University of Minho Braga Portugal
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School Charlestown Massachusetts
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology University of Minho Braga Portugal
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19
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Ganho-Ávila A, Moura-Ramos M, Gonçalves ÓF, Almeida J. Measuring Vulnerability to Anxiety: Factorial Structure, Reliability, Validity, and Discriminatory Accuracy of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index–3–PT. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2019.1594916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ganho-Ávila
- Proaction Laboratory, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mariana Moura-Ramos
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar e Universit´rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge Almeida
- Proaction Laboratory, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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20
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Ganho-Ávila A, Guiomar R, Daniela V, Gonçalves ÓF, Almeida J. Cathodal tDCS impacts the fear network activity and connectivity patterns during a therapy-like extinction session. Encephale 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Ganho-Ávila A, F Gonçalves Ó, Guiomar R, Sérgio Boggio P, Kumar Asthana M, Krypotos AM, Almeida J. Cathodal tDCS enhances extinction-based procedures. Encephale 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Esménio S, Soares JM, Oliveira-Silva P, Gonçalves ÓF, Decety J, Coutinho J. Brain circuits involved in understanding our own and other's internal states in the context of romantic relationships. Soc Neurosci 2019; 14:729-738. [PMID: 30806571 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2019.1586758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Social interactions require the capacity to understand both our and other's internal states. These semi-independent skills, the ability to understand oneself and others, seem to rely on the same type of representations and recruit similar brain areas. In this study, we looked at the neural basis of self and other processing in the context of an interaction with a significant other. Fourty-two participants in a monogamous relationship completed an fMRI task in which they watched a set of video-vignettes of his/her romantic partner expressing emotional contents. Participants were asked to elaborate on his/her spouse´s experience (other condition) and on his/her own experience when watching the video-vignettes (self-condition). The results showed a significant overlap in the brain activation for both conditions (e.g. anterior insula, posterior cingulate/precuneus, inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule). In addition, the self-condition recruited brain areas associated with interoceptive processing and affect sharing (e.g., posterior insula), whereas the other-condition engaged brain areas involved in the cognitive representation of another's internal states and self-other distinction (e.g., fusiform, supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus and temporoparietal junction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Esménio
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology School, Minho University , Braga , Portugal
| | - José Miguel Soares
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho , Braga , Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal, Clinical Academic Center , Braga , Portugal
| | - P Oliveira-Silva
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Catholic University of Portugal , Porto , Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology School, Minho University , Braga , Portugal.,Spaulding Center for Neuromodulation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Jean Decety
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Joana Coutinho
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology School, Minho University , Braga , Portugal
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23
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Carvalho S, Sampaio A, Mendes AJ, Lema A, Vieira D, Gonçalves ÓF, Leite J. Polarity Specific Effects of Cross-Hemispheric tDCS Coupled With Approach-Avoidance Training on Chocolate Craving. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1500. [PMID: 30733678 PMCID: PMC6353830 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) has already been shown to decrease craving for food. However, it remains unclear whether a single session of tDCS combined with a cognitive bias modification (CBM) task may affect explicit and implicit measures of craving for chocolate. Fifty-one healthy volunteers (38 females; mean age: 22.12 ± 3.38) were randomly allocated to CBM training based on the Approach Avoidance task and either Sham, Right anodal-Left cathodal (RALC), or Left anodal-Right cathodal (LARC) tDCS. Results show that there was an increase in the explicit craving for chocolate, as assessed by the Visual Analog Scale [F(2, 46) = 3.239, p = 0.048], from the baseline to post-intervention. Participants which received LARC tDCS were explicitly self-reporting more craving for chocolate than those that received RALC tDCS (p = 0.023). Moreover, this effect was also observed on the implicit measure [F(2, 46) = 4.168, p = 0.022]. LARC tDCS significantly increased the implicit preference for chocolate when comparing to both RALC (p = 0.009) and Sham tDCS (p = 0.034). Previous studies have shown that RALC tDCS over the PFC is able to effectively decrease craving for food. Interestingly, the present data not only does not reproduce such result, but instead it suggests that LARC tDCS can actually increase the preference for chocolate. This result is compatible with recent models of brain laterality, in which cue craving seems to be more dependent on the left hemisphere. Thus, shifting the activity to the left hemisphere (while simultaneously reducing the activity over the homotopic region) may have led to this increased implicit as well as explicit preference for chocolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Carvalho
- Neurotherapeutics and Experimental Psychopatology Group, Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neurotherapeutics and Experimental Psychopatology Group, Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Augusto J. Mendes
- Neurotherapeutics and Experimental Psychopatology Group, Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alberto Lema
- Neurotherapeutics and Experimental Psychopatology Group, Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Daniela Vieira
- Neurotherapeutics and Experimental Psychopatology Group, Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Neurotherapeutics and Experimental Psychopatology Group, Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jorge Leite
- Neurotherapeutics and Experimental Psychopatology Group, Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Portucalense Institute for Human Development (INPP), Universidade Portucalense, Porto, Portugal
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24
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Sousa SS, Sampaio A, López-Caneda E, Bec C, Gonçalves ÓF, Crego A. Increased Nucleus Accumbens Volume in College Binge Drinkers - Preliminary Evidence From Manually Segmented MRI Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:1005. [PMID: 32116822 PMCID: PMC7025595 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Binge drinking (BD) is characterized by high alcohol intake in a short time followed by periods of withdrawal. This pattern is very common during adolescence and early adulthood, a developmental stage marked by the maturation of the fronto-striatal networks. The basal ganglia, specifically the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and the caudate nucleus (CN), are part of the fronto-striatal limbic circuit involved in reward processes underlying addictive behaviors. Abnormal NAcc and CN morphometry has been noted in alcoholics and other drug abusers, however the effects of BD on these subcortical regions have been poorly explored. Accordingly, the main goal of the present study was to address potential morphological alterations in the NAcc and CN in a sample of college binge drinkers (BDs). METHOD Manual segmentation of the NAcc and the CN was performed in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of 20 college BDs and 16 age-matched alcohol abstainers (18-23 years-old). RESULTS A two-way mixed ANOVA revealed no group differences in the volumetry of the CN, whereas increased NAcc volume was observed in the BD group when compared to their abstinent control peers. DISCUSSION These findings are in line with previous automatically segmented MRI reports highlighting abnormalities in a key region involved in drug rewarding processes in BDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia S Sousa
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Clothilde Bec
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Applied Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alberto Crego
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga O. Miguel
- Division of Imaging, Behavior, and Genetic Integrity, Section on Analytical and Functional, National Institute of Child and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown MA, USA
| | - Sara Cruz
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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26
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Conde T, Gonçalves ÓF, Pinheiro AP. Stimulus complexity matters when you hear your own voice: Attention effects on self-generated voice processing. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 133:66-78. [PMID: 30114437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability to discriminate self- and non-self voice cues is a fundamental aspect of self-awareness and subserves self-monitoring during verbal communication. Nonetheless, the neurofunctional underpinnings of self-voice perception and recognition are still poorly understood. Moreover, how attention and stimulus complexity influence the processing and recognition of one's own voice remains to be clarified. Using an oddball task, the current study investigated how self-relevance and stimulus type interact during selective attention to voices, and how they affect the representation of regularity during voice perception. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 18 right-handed males. Pre-recorded self-generated (SGV) and non-self (NSV) voices, consisting of a nonverbal vocalization (vocalization condition) or disyllabic word (word condition), were presented as either standard or target stimuli in different experimental blocks. The results showed increased N2 amplitude to SGV relative to NSV stimuli. Stimulus type modulated later processing stages only: P3 amplitude was increased for SGV relative to NSV words, whereas no differences between SGV and NSV were observed in the case of vocalizations. Moreover, SGV standards elicited reduced N1 and P2 amplitude relative to NSV standards. These findings revealed that the self-voice grabs more attention when listeners are exposed to words but not vocalizations. Further, they indicate that detection of regularity in an auditory stream is facilitated for one's own voice at early processing stages. Together, they demonstrate that self-relevance affects attention to voices differently as a function of stimulus type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Conde
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital & Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana P Pinheiro
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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27
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Gonçalves ÓF, Carvalho S, Mendes AJ, Lema A, Leite J, Boggio PS. Neuromodulating attention and mind-wandering processes with multi-session real-time electroencephalogram. Porto Biomed J 2018; 3:e17. [PMID: 31595245 PMCID: PMC6726311 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.0000000000000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed the efficacy of a single session real-time electroencephalogram (rtEEG) protocols in sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) or Theta up-training. However, the impact of this training on sustained or mind-wandering attention was only modest. This could be explained by the lack of specificity in distinct rtEEG training protocols given their limitation in inhibiting or decreasing the amplitude of down-trained bands. Additionally, multiple sessions of rtEEG in up-training/down-training SMR (sensorimotor rhythm) and Theta along with better ways of tracking sustained and mind-wandering attention protocols may be required to achieve consistent effects. Here we describe the effects of a 10-session trial of up-training/down-training SMR or Theta (SMR⇑Theta⇓; Theta⇑SMR⇓), looking at the effects of 2 rtEEG training protocols in 2 n of 1 subject designs. We also tested to impact of this training in sustained and mind-wandering attention during the course of a Sustained Attention Response Task (SART). The present trial confirmed the potentiality of a multi-session protocol in up-training Theta or SMR and, as consequence, increasing sustained attention (Theta up-training) and mind-wandering attention (SMR up-training). However, the simultaneous increase of the Theta amplitude in the SMR⇑Theta⇓ (and the more modest increase of the SMR amplitude in Theta⇑SMR⇓) reduced the specificity of the rtEEG training. Future studies should build on the potentiality of extended rtEEG protocols on this attention paradigm but increasing the specificity of the trained EEG bands choosing less tedious/more motivating feedback instruments (SMR⇑Theta⇓) and conducting the Theta⇑SMR⇓ training eyes closed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Augusto J Mendes
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alberto Lema
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leite
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Portucalense Institute for Human Development (INPP), Universidade Portucalense, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Gonçalves ÓF, Rêgo G, Conde T, Leite J, Carvalho S, Lapenta OM, Boggio PS. Mind Wandering and Task-Focused Attention: ERP Correlates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7608. [PMID: 29765144 PMCID: PMC5953943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies looking at how Mind Wandering (MW) impacts performance in distinct Focused Attention (FA) systems, using the Attention Network Task (ANT), showed that the presence of pure MW thoughts did not impact the overall performance of ANT (alert, orienting and conflict) performance. However, it still remains unclear if the lack of interference of MW in the ANT, reported at the behavioral level, has a neurophysiological correspondence. We hypothesize that a distinct cortical processing may be required to meet attentional demands during MW. The objective of the present study was to test if, given similar levels of ANT performance, individuals predominantly focusing on MW or FA show distinct cortical processing. Thirty-three healthy participants underwent an EEG high-density acquisition while they were performing the ANT. MW was assessed following the ANT using an adapted version of the Resting State Questionnaire (ReSQ). The following ERP’s were analyzed: pN1, pP1, P1, N1, pN, and P3. At the behavioral level, participants were slower and less accurate when responding to incongruent than to congruent targets (conflict effect), benefiting from the presentation of the double (alerting effect) and spatial (orienting effect) cues. Consistent with the behavioral data, ERP’s waves were discriminative of distinct attentional effects. However, these results remained true irrespective of the MW condition, suggesting that MW imposed no additional cortical demand in alert, orienting, and conflict attention tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F Gonçalves
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory- CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. .,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital. Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. .,Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Rêgo
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Conde
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leite
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory- CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital. Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Portucalense Institute for Human Development (INPP), Universidade Portucalense, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory- CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital. Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Olívia Morgan Lapenta
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.,The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour & Development, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Sampaio A, Moreira PS, Osório A, Magalhães R, Vasconcelos C, Férnandez M, Carracedo A, Alegria J, Gonçalves ÓF, Soares JM. Altered functional connectivity of the default mode network in Williams syndrome: a multimodal approach. Dev Sci 2018; 19:686-95. [PMID: 27412230 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Resting state brain networks are implicated in a variety of relevant brain functions. Importantly, abnormal patterns of functional connectivity (FC) have been reported in several neurodevelopmental disorders. In particular, the Default Mode Network (DMN) has been found to be associated with social cognition. We hypothesize that the DMN may be altered in Williams syndrome (WS), a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder characterized by an unique cognitive and behavioral phenotype. In this study, we assessed the architecture of the DMN using fMRI in WS patients and typically developing matched controls (sex and age) in terms of FC and volumetry of the DMN. Moreover, we complemented the analysis with a functional connectome approach. After excluding participants due to movement artifacts (n = 3), seven participants with WS and their respective matched controls were included in the analyses. A decreased FC between the DMN regions was observed in the WS group when compared with the typically developing group. Specifically, we found a decreased FC in a posterior hub of the DMN including the precuneus, calcarine and the posterior cingulate of the left hemisphere. The functional connectome approach showed a focalized and global increased FC connectome in the WS group. The reduced FC of the posterior hub of the DMN in the WS group is consistent with immaturity of the brain FC patterns and may be associated with the singularity of their visual spatial phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - Pedro Silva Moreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Osório
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Portugal.,Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Post-Graduate Program on Developmental Disorders - Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Magalhães
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | | | - Montse Férnandez
- Genetic Molecular Unit, Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genetic Molecular Unit, Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Joana Alegria
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.,Department of Applied Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, USA
| | - José Miguel Soares
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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30
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Lira M, Egito JH, Dall'Agnol PA, Amodio DM, Gonçalves ÓF, Boggio PS. The influence of skin colour on the experience of ownership in the rubber hand illusion. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15745. [PMID: 29147006 PMCID: PMC5691152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Racial prejudice is associated with a fundamental distinction between “us” and “them”—a distinction linked to the perceived overlap between representations of the self and others. Implicit prejudice has been shown to reduce the intensity of White individuals’ hand ownership sensation as induced by the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) with dark rubber hands. However, evidence for this link to implicit prejudice comes from self-report questionnaire data regarding the RHI. As an alternative, we assessed the onset time of the RHI. We hypothesized that onset time of the RHI would be higher for the black compared to the white RH, acting as the mediator between implicit prejudice and magnitude of the RH illusion and proprioceptive drift. As expected, participants took longer to incorporate the black RH and presented lower RH illusion magnitude and a smaller proprioceptive drift for the black RH. Mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect effect of implicit racial bias on proprioceptive drift and magnitude of illusion through onset time to illusion only for the black RH. These findings further illuminate the connection between implicit prejudice and embodied perception, suggesting new perspectives on how implicit biases operate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Lira
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia H Egito
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia A Dall'Agnol
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - David M Amodio
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NL & Department of Psychology, New York University, NY, USA
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Gonçalves ÓF, Boggio PS. Is there a T.R.U.M.P. brain? Implications for mental health and world peace. Porto Biomed J 2017; 2:247-249. [PMID: 32258777 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Highlights Specific mind-brain processes are associated with political attitudes.The risks of a T.R.U.M.P. mindset are highlighted.An alternative G.A.N.D.H.I. mindset is suggested. Abstract Neuroscientists have begun to investigate whether different political attitudes are associated with specific mind-brain markers. In this article, we build on political neuroscience research to briefly illustrate the structure and function of a Threatening, Reactionary, Unforgiving, Machiavellian, and Partisan (T.R.U.M.P.) mindset. Additionally, we discussed, building on neuroscience and clinical evidence, how to counteract the T.R.U.M.P. mindset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychphysiology Lab, School of Psychology University of Minho, Portugal.,Spaulding Center for Neuromodulation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital - Harvard Medical School, USA.,Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Mackenzie Presbiterian University, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Mackenzie Presbiterian University, Brazil.,Neuropsychphysiology Lab, School of Psychology University of Minho, Portugal
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32
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Miguel HO, Lisboa IC, Gonçalves ÓF, Sampaio A. Brain mechanisms for processing discriminative and affective touch in 7-month-old infants. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2017; 35:20-27. [PMID: 29108882 PMCID: PMC6968955 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Affective touch has been associated with affiliative behavior during early stages of infant development; however, its underlying brain mechanisms are still poorly understood. This study used fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) to examine both affective and discriminative touch in 7- month-old infants (n=35). Infants were provided affective stimuli on the forearm for 10 sec followed by a 20 sec rest period. The protocol was repeated for discriminative touch, and both affective and discriminative stimuli were given in a counterbalanced order. Brain activation (oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin levels) in the somatosensory and temporal regions was registered during administration of the stimuli. There was an increase in oxy-hemoglobin and decrease in deoxy-hemoglobin only in the somatosensory region in response to both affective and discriminative touch. No other activations were found. Seven-month-old infants’ brain activation in the somatosensory cortex was similar for both discriminative and affective touch, but the stimuli did not elicit any activation in the temporal region/ pSTS. Our study is the first to suggest that 7-month-old infants do not yet recruit socio-emotional brain areas in response to affective touch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga O Miguel
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Isabel C Lisboa
- Human Cognition Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown campus: 79/96 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CiPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Sousa SS, Sampaio A, Marques P, Gonçalves ÓF, Crego A. Gray Matter Abnormalities in the Inhibitory Circuitry of Young Binge Drinkers: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1567. [PMID: 28959223 PMCID: PMC5604066 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking (BD) is defined as a pattern of high alcohol intake in a short time followed by periods of abstinence. This behavior is very common in adolescence, a developmental stage characterized by the maturation of the prefrontal and striatal networks, important circuits underlying the capacity to control and regulate the behavior. In this study, we conducted a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis, using a region of interest (ROI) analysis of brain regions associated with inhibitory control and self-regulatory processes, in a group of 36 young college students, 20 binge drinkers (BDs) and 16 alcohol abstinent controls (AAC). Results showed increased gray matter (GM) densities in the left middle frontal gyrus in BDs, when compared with alcohol abstinent controls. Additionally, a ROI-based Pearson analysis documented positive correlations between the left middle frontal gyrus GM densities and the self-control subscale of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), in the BD group. These findings highlight abnormalities in core brain regions associated with self-regulatory processes in the BD group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia S Sousa
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Paulo Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryGuimarães, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CharlestownMA, United States.,Department of Applied Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, BostonMA, United States
| | - Alberto Crego
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
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Leite J, Gonçalves ÓF, Pereira P, Khadka N, Bikson M, Fregni F, Carvalho S. The differential effects of unihemispheric and bihemispheric tDCS over the inferior frontal gyrus on proactive control. Neurosci Res 2017; 130:39-46. [PMID: 28842243 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of bihemispheric and unihemispheric transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) over the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) on proactive control. Sixteen participants were randomized to receive (i) bihemispheric tDCS, with a 35cm2 anodal electrode of the right IFG and a 35cm2 cathode electrode of left IFG or (ii) unihemispheric tDCS, with a 35cm2 anodal electrode of the right IFG and a 100cm2 electrode of the left IFG or (iii) sham tDCS, while performing a prepotent inhibition task. There were significant speed-accuracy tradeoff effects in terms of switch costs: unihemispheric tDCS significantly decreased the accuracy when compared to bihemispheric, and sham tDCS, while increased response time when comparing to bihemispheric and sham tDCS. The computational model showed a symmetrical field intensity for the bihemispheric tDCS montage, and an asymmetrical for the unihemispheric tDCS montage. This study confirms that unihemispheric tDCS over the rIFG has a significant impact on response inhibition. The lack of results of bihemispheric tDCS brings two important findings for this study: (i) left IFG seems to be also critically associated with inhibitory response control, and (ii) these results highlight the importance of considering the dual effects of tDCS when choosing the electrode montage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Leite
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Univ Portucalense, Portucalense Institute for Human Development - INPP, Oporto, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Niranjan Khadka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York of CUNY, New York, NY, 10031 USA
| | - Marom Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York of CUNY, New York, NY, 10031 USA
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
The current literature provides substantial evidence of brain alterations associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms (eg, checking, cleaning/decontamination, counting compulsions; harm or sexual, symmetry/exactness obsessions), and emotional problems (eg, defensive/appetitive emotional imbalance, disgust, guilt, shame, and fear learning/extinction) and cognitive impairments associated with this disorder (eg, inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility). Building on this evidence, new clinical trials can now target specific brain regions/networks. Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) was introduced as a new therapeutic tool for the self-regulation of brain-mind. In this review, we describe initial trials testing the use of rtfMRI to target brain regions associated with specific OCD symptoms (eg, contamination), and other mind-brain processes (eg, cognitive - working memory, inhibitory control, emotional - defensive, appetitive systems, fear reduction through counter-conditioning) found impaired in OCD patients. While this is a novel topic of research, initial evidence shows the promise of using rtfMRI in training the self-regulation of brain regions and mental processes associated with OCD. Additionally, studies with healthy populations have shown that individuals can regulate brain regions associated with cognitive and emotional processes found impaired in OCD. After the initial "proof-of-concept" stage, there is a need to follow up with controlled clinical trials that could test rtfMRI innovative treatments targeting brain regions and networks associated with different OCD symptoms and cognitive-emotional impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University
| | - Marcelo C Batistuzzo
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP)
| | - João R Sato
- Mathematics, Computing, and Cognition Center, Universidade Federal do ABC – UFABC, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gonçalves ÓF, Rêgo G, Oliveira-Silva P, Leite J, Carvalho S, de Souza-Queiroz J, Fregni F, Amaro E, Boggio PS. Is the relationship between mind wandering and attention culture-specific? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1037/pne0000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Ganho-Ávila A, Gonçalves ÓF, Boggio PS, Asthana MK, Almeida J. Combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and classical extinction to persistently erase avoidance tendencies. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Gonçalves ÓF, Rêgo G, Oliveira-Silva P, Leite J, Carvalho S, Fregni F, Amaro E, Boggio PS. Mind wandering and the attention network system. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2017; 172:49-54. [PMID: 27886519 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention and mind wandering are often seen as anticorrelated. However, both attention and mind wandering are multi-component processes, and their relationship may be more complex than previously thought. In this study, we tested the interference of different types of thoughts as measured by a Thought Identification Task - TIT (on task thoughts, task related interference thoughts, external distractions, stimulus independent and task unrelated thoughts) on different components of the attention network system - ANT (alerting, orienting, executive). Results show that, during the ANT, individuals were predominantly involved in task related interference thoughts which, along with external distractors, significantly impaired their performance accuracy. However, mind wandering (i.e., stimulus independent and task unrelated thoughts) did not significantly interfere with accuracy in the ANT. No significant relationship was found between type of thoughts and alerting, orienting, or executive effects in the ANT. While task related interference thoughts and external distractions seemed to impair performance on the attention task, mind wandering was still compatible with satisfactory performance in the ANT. The present results confirmed the importance of differentiating type of "out of task" thoughts in studying the relationship between though distractors and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Rêgo
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Oliveira-Silva
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Human Neurobehavioral Laboratory, Centre for Studies in Human Development (CEDH), Faculdade de Educação e Psicologia - Universidade Católica Portuguesa (FEP-UCP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leite
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab - CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Edson Amaro
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Hospital, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gonçalves ÓF, Carvalho S, Leite J, Fernandes-Gonçalves A, Carracedo A, Sampaio A. Cognitive and emotional impairments in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Evidence from functional brain alterations. Porto Biomed J 2016; 1:92-105. [PMID: 32258557 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a common agreement on the existence of dysfunctional cortico-striatal-thalamus-cortical pathways in OCD. Despite this consensus, recent studies showed that brain regions other than the CSTC loops are needed to understand the complexity and diversity of cognitive and emotional deficits in OCD. This review presents examples of research using functional neuroimaging, reporting abnormal brain processes in OCD that may underlie specific cognitive/executive (inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, working memory), and emotional impairments (fear/defensive, disgust, guilt, shame). Studies during resting state conditions show that OCD patients have alterations in connectivity not only within the CSTC pathways but also in more extended resting state networks, particularly the default mode network and the fronto-parietal network. Additionally, abnormalities in brain functioning have been found in several cognitive and emotionally task conditions, namely: inhibitory control (e.g., CSTC loops, fronto-parietal networks, anterior cingulate); cognitive flexibility (e.g., CSTC loops, extended temporal, parietal, and occipital regions); working memory (e.g., CSTC loops, frontal parietal networks, dorsal anterior cingulate); fear/defensive (e.g., amygdala, additional brain regions associated with perceptual - parietal, occipital - and higher level cognitive processing - prefrontal, temporal); disgust (e.g., insula); shame (e.g., decrease activity in middle frontal gyrus and increase in frontal, limbic, temporal regions); and guilt (e.g., decrease activity anterior cingulate and increase in frontal, limbic, temporal regions). These findings may contribute to the understanding of OCD as both an emotional (i.e., anxiety) and cognitive (i.e., executive control) disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Applied Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge Leite
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Angel Carracedo
- Forensic Genetics Unit, Institute of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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41
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Osório AAC, Rossi NF, Gonçalves ÓF, Sampaio A, Giacheti CM. Psychopathology and behavior problems in children and adolescents with Williams syndrome: Distinctive relationships with cognition. Child Neuropsychol 2016; 23:631-641. [PMID: 27224940 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2016.1183607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have documented the high prevalence of psychopathology and behavior problems in Williams syndrome (WS). However, the links between cognitive development and such symptoms need further clarification. Our study aims to expand current knowledge on levels of behavior problems and its links to cognition in a sample of Brazilian individuals with WS. A total of 25 children and adolescents with WS and their parents participated in this study. The participants' IQs were assessed with the Wechsler Scales of Intelligence (for children or adults) and parental reports of psychopathology/behavior problems were collected using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The presence of clinically significant attention problems was a main feature in our sample of children and adolescents with WS. In the children, higher IQ scores were found to be significantly associated with less externalizing problems, while in the adolescents cognitive abilities were found to be associated with less internalizing symptoms. These results provide further insight into the links between psychopathology and behavior problems and cognitive abilities in WS, and suggest the need to take age into consideration when analyzing such relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana A C Osório
- a Center for Biological and Health Sciences , Mackenzie Presbyterian University , São Paulo , Brazil.,b CIPsi-School of Psychology , University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
| | - Natália F Rossi
- c Post-Graduate Program in Speech Language Pathology and Audiology , São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Marília , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- b CIPsi-School of Psychology , University of Minho , Braga , Portugal.,d Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation , Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital & Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Charlestown , MA , USA.,e Applied Psychology Department, Bouvé College of Health Sciences , Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- b CIPsi-School of Psychology , University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
| | - Célia M Giacheti
- c Post-Graduate Program in Speech Language Pathology and Audiology , São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Marília , São Paulo , Brazil.,f Department of Speech, Language Pathology and Audiology , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Marília , Brazil
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42
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Almeida J, He D, Chen Q, Mahon BZ, Zhang F, Gonçalves ÓF, Fang F, Bi Y. Decoding Visual Location From Neural Patterns in the Auditory Cortex of the Congenitally Deaf. Psychol Sci 2015; 26:1771-82. [PMID: 26423461 DOI: 10.1177/0956797615598970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory cortices of individuals who are congenitally deprived of a sense can exhibit considerable plasticity and be recruited to process information from the senses that remain intact. Here, we explored whether the auditory cortex of congenitally deaf individuals represents visual field location of a stimulus-a dimension that is represented in early visual areas. We used functional MRI to measure neural activity in auditory and visual cortices of congenitally deaf and hearing humans while they observed stimuli typically used for mapping visual field preferences in visual cortex. We found that the location of a visual stimulus can be successfully decoded from the patterns of neural activity in auditory cortex of congenitally deaf but not hearing individuals. This is particularly true for locations within the horizontal plane and within peripheral vision. These data show that the representations stored within neuroplastically changed auditory cortex can align with dimensions that are typically represented in visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almeida
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra
| | - Dongjun He
- Department of Psychology, Peking University Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University
| | - Quanjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester
| | - Bradford Z Mahon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester
| | - Fan Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- School of Psychology, University of Minho Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, Research Center in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Psychology, Peking University Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University
| | - Yanchao Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University
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Conde T, Gonçalves ÓF, Pinheiro AP. Paying attention to my voice or yours: An ERP study with words. Biol Psychol 2015; 111:40-52. [PMID: 26234962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Self-related stimuli-such as one's own face or name-seem to be processed differently from non-self stimuli and to involve greater attentional resources, as indexed by larger amplitude of the P3 event-related potential (ERP) component. Nonetheless, the differential processing of self-related vs. non-self information using voice stimuli is still poorly understood. The present study investigated the electrophysiological correlates of processing self-generated vs. non-self voice stimuli, when they are in the focus of attention. ERP data were recorded from twenty right-handed healthy males during an oddball task comprising pre-recorded self-generated (SGV) and non-self (NSV) voice stimuli. Both voices were used as standard and deviant stimuli in distinct experimental blocks. SGV was found to elicit more negative N2 and more positive P3 in comparison with NSV. No association was found between ERP data and voice acoustic properties. These findings demonstrated an earlier and later attentional bias to self-generated relative to non-self voice stimuli. They suggest that one's own voice representation may have a greater affective salience than an unfamiliar voice, confirming the modulatory role of salience on P3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Conde
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana P Pinheiro
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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44
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Magalhães R, Alves J, Thomas RE, Chiaravalloti N, Gonçalves ÓF, Petrosyan A, Sampaio A. Are cognitive interventions for multiple sclerosis effective and feasible? Restor Neurol Neurosci 2015; 32:623-38. [PMID: 25096974 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-140388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fifty percent of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are estimated to have cognitive impairments leading to considerable decline in productivity and quality of life. Cognitive intervention has been considered to complement pharmacological treatments. However, a lack of agreement concerning the efficacy of cognitive interventions in MS still exists. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of cognitive interventions in MS. METHODS To overcome limitations of previous meta-analyses, several databases were searched only for Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) with low risk of bias. RESULTS Five studies (total of 139 participants) met our eligibility criteria. Although good completion and adherence rates were evident, we found no evidence of intervention effects on cognition or mood in post-intervention or follow-up assessments. CONCLUSIONS This is the first meta-analysis assessing the effects of cognitive intervention in MS including only RCTs with comparable conditions. Research regarding efficacy, cost-effectiveness and feasibility is still in its infancy. Caution is advised when interpreting these results due to the small number of RCTs meeting the inclusion criteria. Considering the costs of disease, good completion and adherence rates of this approach, further research is warranted. Recommendations concerning improved research practices in the field are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Magalhães
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jorge Alves
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Roger E Thomas
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nancy Chiaravalloti
- Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Laboratory (NNL), Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Agavni Petrosyan
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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45
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Rêgo GG, Lapenta OM, Marques LM, Costa TL, Leite J, Carvalho S, Gonçalves ÓF, Brunoni AR, Fregni F, Boggio PS. Hemispheric dorsolateral prefrontal cortex lateralization in the regulation of empathy for pain. Neurosci Lett 2015; 594:12-6. [PMID: 25805457 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is involved in the cognitive appraisal and modulation of the pain experience. In this sham-controlled study, with healthy volunteers, we used bi-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the DLPFC to assess emotional reactions elicited by pain observation. Left-cathodal/right-anodal tDCS decreased valence and arousal evaluations compared to other tDCS conditions. Compared to sham condition, both left-cathodal/right-anodal and left-anodal/right-cathodal tDCS decreased hostility, sadness and self-pain perception. These decreased sensations after both active tDCS suggest a common role for left and right DLPFC in personal distress modulation. However, the differences in arousal and valence evaluations point to distinct roles of lateralized DLPFC in cognitive empathy, probably through distinct emotion regulation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel G Rêgo
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Olívia M Lapenta
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas M Marques
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago L Costa
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Leite
- Bouve College of Health Sciences, Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Neuropsychophysiology Lab - CIPsi School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Bouve College of Health Sciences, Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Neuropsychophysiology Lab - CIPsi School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Bouve College of Health Sciences, Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Neuropsychophysiology Lab - CIPsi School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - André R Brunoni
- Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry and University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Pinheiro AP, Del Re E, Nestor PG, Mezin J, Rezaii N, McCarley RW, Gonçalves ÓF, Niznikiewicz M. Abnormal interactions between context, memory structure, and mood in schizophrenia: an ERP investigation. Psychophysiology 2015; 52:20-31. [PMID: 25047946 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study used event-related potentials to examine interactions between mood, sentence context, and semantic memory structure in schizophrenia. Seventeen male chronic schizophrenia and 15 healthy control subjects read sentence pairs after positive, negative, or neutral mood induction. Sentences ended with expected words (EW), within-category violations (WCV), or between-category violations (BCV). Across all moods, patients showed sensitivity to context indexed by reduced N400 to EW relative to both WCV and BCV. However, they did not show sensitivity to the semantic memory structure. N400 abnormalities were particularly enhanced under a negative mood in schizophrenia. These findings suggest abnormal interactions between mood, context processing, and connections within semantic memory in schizophrenia, and a specific role of negative mood in modulating semantic processes in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Pinheiro
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Pinheiro AP, Vasconcelos M, Dias M, Arrais N, Gonçalves ÓF. The music of language: an ERP investigation of the effects of musical training on emotional prosody processing. Brain Lang 2015; 140:24-34. [PMID: 25461917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the positive effects of musical training on the perception of vocally expressed emotion. This study investigated the effects of musical training on event-related potential (ERP) correlates of emotional prosody processing. Fourteen musicians and fourteen control subjects listened to 228 sentences with neutral semantic content, differing in prosody (one third with neutral, one third with happy and one third with angry intonation), with intelligible semantic content (semantic content condition--SCC) and unintelligible semantic content (pure prosody condition--PPC). Reduced P50 amplitude was found in musicians. A difference between SCC and PPC conditions was found in P50 and N100 amplitude in non-musicians only, and in P200 amplitude in musicians only. Furthermore, musicians were more accurate in recognizing angry prosody in PPC sentences. These findings suggest that auditory expertise characterizing extensive musical training may impact different stages of vocal emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Pinheiro
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Margarida Vasconcelos
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Dias
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Arrais
- Music Department, Institute of Arts and Human Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Center of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Carvalho S, Boggio PS, Gonçalves ÓF, Vigário AR, Faria M, Silva S, Gaudencio do Rego G, Fregni F, Leite J. Transcranial direct current stimulation based metaplasticity protocols in working memory. Brain Stimul 2014; 8:289-94. [PMID: 25550147 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been already shown that delivering tDCS that are spaced by an interval alters its impact on motor plasticity. These effects can be explained, based on metaplasticity in which a previous modification of activity in a neuronal network can change the effects of subsequent interventions in the same network. But to date there is limited data assessing metaplasticity effects in cognitive functioning. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to test several tDCS-based metaplasticity protocols in working memory (WM), by studying the impact of various interstimulation intervals in the performance of a 3-back task. METHODS Fifteen healthy volunteers per experiment participated in this study. Experiments 1 and 2 tested an anodal tDCS-induced metaplasticity protocol (1 mA, 10 + 10') with 3 interstimulation intervals (10, 30, and 60 min). Experiment 3 determined the effects of a similar protocol-with a 10-min interval between two sessions of cathodal tDCS or anodal plus cathodal tDCS (1 mA, 10 + 10'). RESULTS Two consecutive sessions of anodal tDCS delivered with a 10 min interval between them did not improve WM performance (P = .095). This effect remained the same if the interval was increased to 30 or 60 min. In contrast, when a 10 min interval was given between two consecutive cathodal tDCS sessions, performance in the 3 back task increased (P = .042). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the polarity effects of tDCS on working memory are dependent on the previous level of activity of the recruited neural population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Carvalho
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paulo S Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Ana Rita Vigário
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marisa Faria
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Soraia Silva
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Gaudencio do Rego
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, 01241-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge Leite
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology (EPsi), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Petrosyan A, Gonçalves ÓF, Hsieh IH, Saberi K. Improved functional abilities of the life-extended Drosophila mutant Methuselah are reversed at old age to below control levels. Age (Dordr) 2014; 36:213-21. [PMID: 23913251 PMCID: PMC3889883 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-013-9568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Methuselah (mth) is a chromosome 3 Drosophila mutant with an increased lifespan. A large number of studies have investigated the genetic, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms of the mth gene. Much less is known about the effects of mth on preservation of sensorimotor abilities throughout Drosophila's lifespan, particularly in late life. The current study investigated functional senescence in mth and its parental-control line (w1118) in two experiments that measured age-dependent changes in flight functions and locomotor activity. In experiment 1, a total of 158 flies (81 mth and 77 controls) with an age range from 10 to 70 days were individually tethered under an infrared laser-sensor system that allowed monitoring of flight duration during phototaxic flight. We found that mth has a statistically significant advantage in maintaining continuous flight over control flies at age 10 days, but not during middle and late life. At age 70 days, the trend reversed and parental control flies had a small but significant advantage, suggesting an interaction between age and genotype in the ability to sustain flight. In experiment 2, a total of 173 different flies (97 mth and 76 controls) with an age range from 50 to 76 days were individually placed in a large well-lit arena (60 × 45 cm) and their locomotor activity quantified as the distance walked in a 1-min period. Results showed that mth flies had lower levels of locomotor activity relative to controls at ages 50 and 60 days. These levels converged for the two genotypes at the oldest ages tested. Findings show markedly different patterns of functional decline for the mth line relative to those previously reported for other life-extended genotypes, suggesting that different life-extending genes have dissimilar effects on preservation of sensory and motor abilities throughout an organism's lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agavni Petrosyan
- />Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-5100 USA
- />Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- />Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- />Department of Counseling & Applied Educational Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - I-Hui Hsieh
- />Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taiwan
| | - Kourosh Saberi
- />Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-5100 USA
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50
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Pinheiro AP, Rezaii N, Rauber A, Liu T, Nestor PG, McCarley RW, Gonçalves ÓF, Niznikiewicz M. Abnormalities in the processing of emotional prosody from single words in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2014; 152:235-41. [PMID: 24342586 PMCID: PMC5590837 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in emotional prosody processing have been consistently reported in schizophrenia and are related to poor social outcomes. However, the role of stimulus complexity in abnormal emotional prosody processing is still unclear. METHOD We recorded event-related potentials in 16 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 16 healthy controls to investigate: 1) the temporal course of emotional prosody processing; and 2) the relative contribution of prosodic and semantic cues in emotional prosody processing. Stimuli were prosodic single words presented in two conditions: with intelligible (semantic content condition-SCC) and unintelligible semantic content (pure prosody condition-PPC). RESULTS Relative to healthy controls, schizophrenia patients showed reduced P50 for happy PPC words, and reduced N100 for both neutral and emotional SCC words and for neutral PPC stimuli. Also, increased P200 was observed in schizophrenia for happy prosody in SCC only. Behavioral results revealed higher error rates in schizophrenia for angry prosody in SCC and for happy prosody in PPC. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data further demonstrate the interactions between abnormal sensory processes and higher-order processes in bringing about emotional prosody processing dysfunction in schizophrenia. They further suggest that impaired emotional prosody processing is dependent on stimulus complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Pinheiro
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, United States
| | - Neguine Rezaii
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, United States
| | | | - Taosheng Liu
- Department of Psychology, Second Military Medical University (SMMU), Shanghai, China
| | | | - Robert W. McCarley
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, United States
| | - Óscar F. Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Margaret Niznikiewicz
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, United States
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