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Yücel Ş, Küçük Alemdar D. The effect of listening to music and foot reflexology on nausea, pain and anxiety in children during perioperative period: A randomized controlled study. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 75:e16-e27. [PMID: 38182484 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of listening to music and foot reflexology during the perioperative period on nausea, pain and anxiety in children aged 7-12 years. MATERIAL AND METHOD The sample for the randomized controlled experimental study included children who underwent outpatient surgery in the Pediatric Surgery Clinic. Research data were collected. A total of 99 children were included in the study with 33 in the music group, 33 in the foot reflexology group, and 33 in the control group. RESULTS In the preoperative and postoperative periods, Children's Perioperative Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (CPMAS) scores for the music listening and reflexology groups were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). In the postoperative period, the Children's Emotional Manifestation Scale (CEMS) scores for the reflexology and music listening groups after the application were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.001). Postoperative Baxter Retching Faces (BARF) scores were found to be significantly lower in children who listened to music compared to the control group (p = 0.002). The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) scores for children in the control group were found to be significantly higher in the postoperative period than for children in the music and reflexology groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS As a result, listening to music and reflexology during the perioperative period were effective in reducing anxiety, pain and nausea in children. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS In the perioperative period, listening to music and reflexology for children can be recommended as non-pharmacological nursing interventions with low cost and easy implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şebnem Yücel
- Ministry of Health Ordu Fatsa State Hospital, Surgical Operating Room, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Dilek Küçük Alemdar
- Ordu University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Ordu, Turkey.
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Gürbüz M, Kiliçkap S, Bilici A, Karadurmuş N, Sezer A, Şendur MAN, Paydaş S, Artaç M, Fulden Yumuk P, Gürsoy P, Uysal M, Şenol Coşkun H, Tatli AM, Selçukbiricik F, Dişel U, Köksoy EB, Güven DC, Uğrakli M, Akkuş E, Yücel Ş, Erol C, Karakaya S, Şakalar T, Khanmammadov N, Paksoy N, Demirkazik A. Crizotinib efficacy and safety in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET alterations: A real-life data of Turkish Oncology Group. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32368. [PMID: 36550824 PMCID: PMC9771320 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Crizotinib is a multikinase inhibitor, effective in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mesenchymal-epidermal transition (MET) alterations. Although small prospective studies showed efficacy and safety of crizotinib in NSCLC with MET alterations, there is limited real-life data. Aim of this study is to investigate real-life efficacy and safety of crizotinib in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET alterations. This was a retrospective, multicenter (17 centers) study of Turkish Oncology Group. Patients' demographic, histological data, treatment, response rates, survival outcomes, and toxicity data were collected. Outcomes were presented for the study population and compared between MET alteration types. Total of 62 patients were included with a median age of 58.5 (range, 26-78). Major histological type was adenocarcinoma, and 3 patients (4.8%) had sarcomatoid component. The most common MET analyzing method was next generation sequencing (90.3%). MET amplification and mutation frequencies were 53.2% (n = 33) and 46.8% (n = 29), respectively. Overall response rate and disease control rate were 56.5% and 74.2% in whole study population, respectively. Median progression free survival (PFS) was 7.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8-10.5), and median overall survival (OS) was 18.7 months (95% CI: 13.7-23.7), regardless of treatment line. Median PFS was 6.1 months (95% CI: 5.6-6.4) for patients with MET amplification, whereas 14.3 months (95% CI: 6.7-21.7) for patients with MET mutation (P = .217). Median PFS was significantly longer in patients who have never smoked (P = .040), have good performance score (P < .001), and responded to the treatment (P < .001). OS was significantly longer in patients with MET mutation (25.6 months, 95% CI: 15.9-35.3) compared to the patients with MET amplification (11.0 months; 95% CI: 5.2-16.8) (P = .049). In never-smokers, median OS was longer than smoker patients (25.6 months [95% CI: 11.8-39.3] vs 16.5 months [95% CI: 9.3-23.6]; P = .049). The most common adverse effects were fatigue (50%), peripheral edema (21%), nausea (29%) and diarrhea (19.4%). Grade 3 or 4 adverse effects were observed in 6.5% of the patients. This real-life data confirms efficacy and safety of crizotinib in the treatment of advanced NSCLC harboring MET alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gürbüz
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
- * Correspondence: Mustafa Gürbüz, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara 06100, Turkey (e-mail: ; )
| | - Saadettin Kiliçkap
- İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Liv Ankara Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bilici
- İstanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuri Karadurmuş
- University of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Sezer
- Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Nahit Şendur
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Semra Paydaş
- Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Artaç
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Pinar Gürsoy
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mükremin Uysal
- Medstar Antalya Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Şenol Coşkun
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ali Murat Tatli
- Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Umut Dişel
- Acibadem Adana Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Elif Berna Köksoy
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Can Güven
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Uğrakli
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erman Akkuş
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Yücel
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cihan Erol
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Karakaya
- Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Teoman Şakalar
- Necip Fazil City Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Nijat Khanmammadov
- İstanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nail Paksoy
- Tekirdağ Dr. İsmail Fehmi Cumalioğlu City Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demirkazik
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
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Hızal M, Bilgin B, Şendur MA, Yücel Ş, Kahraman S, Erol C, Akıncı B, Şener Dede D, Algın E, Yalçın B. [Clinical features of the ALK-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients who received first-line alectinib treatment]. Tuberk Toraks 2021; 69:321-327. [PMID: 34581153 DOI: 10.5578/tt.20219704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lung cancer is the most common cancer type and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The positivity rate of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has been reported as 3-7%. This study aimed to investigate the pathological, clinical and demographic characteristics of ALK-mutant NSCLC patients who received first-line alectinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in two different centers. Materials and Methods The study was performed at the Medical Oncology Departments of Ankara City Hospital and Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital. Patients diagnosed with ALK-mutant NSCLC and received alectinib treatment as a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor were enrolled to study and retrospectively analyzed. Result A total of 38 patients (15 males, 23 females) were included in the study. Median age was 56.5. 55.3% of the patients were non-smokers. All of the patients had adenocarcinoma histology. Thirty-four patients (89.5%) were metastatic. Brain metastasis was detected in 44.7% of the patients. Thirty-three patients (86.8%) were using alectinib in first-line treatment. The remaining five patients were seen to have received at least one course of chemotherapy before. The objective response rate was 78.9% with alectinib treatment. The percentage of the patients who experienced at least one side effect was 34.2% and serious side effects were 7.9%. After median 9.5 months follow-up, median progression-free survival (PFS) was not achieved. 24-month PFS was 67% and 24-month overall survival was 84%. Conclusions Our results were compatible with previous studies in terms of the clinical, pathological and demographic features of the patients with ALK mutation. We observed that the majority of patients were non-smokers, relatively young, and female patients. The objective response rate and survival results were similar with phase 3 studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutlu Hızal
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Bilgin
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Şendur
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Yücel
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Kahraman
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cihan Erol
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Akıncı
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Şener Dede
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Efnan Algın
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Yalçın
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Hizal M, Bilgin B, Paksoy N, Açıkgöz Ö, Sezer A, Gürbüz M, Ak N, Yücel Ş, Ayhan M, Erol C, Demirkıran A, Mandel NM, Shbair A, Gökmen İ, Başoğlu T, Paydaş S, Demiray AG, İriağaç Y, Şakalar T, Zeynelgil E, Tatlı AM, Bahçeci A, Güven DC, Caner B, Can A, Gülmez A, Karakaş Y, Yalçın B, Demirkazık A, Bilici A, Aydıner A, Yumuk PF, Şendur MAN. The real-life efficacy and safety of osimertinib in pretreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with T790M mutation: a Turkish Oncology Group Study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 148:1501-1508. [PMID: 34331582 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osimertinib, an irreversible third-generation EGFR-TKI, is the standard of care for second-line treatment of T790M-mutant advanced NSCLC patients whose disease progressed after first-line EGFR-TKI therapy. In this multicenter study, we aimed to determine the real-life efficacy and safety of Osimertinib in pretreated advanced NSCLC patients with T790M mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective trial included advanced T790M-mutant pretreated NSCLC patients who received Osimertinib from 24 different centers in Turkey. Primary endpoint was time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD). Secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS Of 163 patients, 68.7% had EGFR exon 19 deletion and 22.7% had exon 21 L858R mutation. Osimertinib was given as second-line treatment in 96 patients (58.9%) and third-line in 48 patients (29.4%). After median of 13-month follow-up, median TTD was 21.6 months with an 82.2% ORR. Estimated median OS was 32.1 months. Grade 3-4 adverse events were seen in 11.7% of the patients. CONCLUSION Osimertinib is a highly effective option in second- or third-line treatment of NSCLC patients with T790M mutation, with a favorable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutlu Hizal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Burak Bilgin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Atatürk Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nail Paksoy
- Department of Medical Oncology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Açıkgöz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Sezer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Başkent University, Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gürbüz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naziye Ak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yozgat City Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Yücel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Atatürk Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Ayhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kartal Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihan Erol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aykut Demirkıran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmeddin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Abdallah Shbair
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bezmialem University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İvo Gökmen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Başoğlu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Paydaş
- Department of Medical Oncology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Atike Gökçen Demiray
- Department of Medical Oncology, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Yakup İriağaç
- Department of Medical Oncology, Namık Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Teoman Şakalar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Necip Fazıl City Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Esra Zeynelgil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dışkapı Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Murat Tatlı
- Department of Medical Oncology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aykut Bahçeci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ersin Arslan Education and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Deniz Can Güven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Caner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Alper Can
- Department of Medical Oncology, İstinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gülmez
- Department of Medical Oncology, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Karakaş
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bodrum Acıbadem Hospital, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Bülent Yalçın
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demirkazık
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bilici
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adnan Aydıner
- Department of Medical Oncology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Perran Fulden Yumuk
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Nahit Şendur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Bilgin B, Şendur MAN, Yücel Ş, Hizal M, Güner G, Akyürek N, Erol C, Akıncı MB, Dede DŞ, Yalçın B, Kılıçkap S. The effect of EML4-ALK break-apart ratio on crizotinib outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer harboring EML4-ALK rearrangement. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2637-2643. [PMID: 33528638 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement exists in approximately 3-7% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and more than 15% split or isolated red signals among 50 tumor nuclei scored in the FISH analysis defines as ALK-positive. The previous studies showed that the high EGFR mutational load related to better outcomes in EGFR mutant NSCLC. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of the ALK break-apart ratio on treatment outcome in metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC. METHODS The patients (pts) who ALK-positive and treated with crizotinib were retrospectively enrolled. The 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% break-apart ratios were determined as a threshold value, and each of these was evaluated separately. Based on the results of these analyses, we detected the optimal threshold value and also performed further investigations. RESULTS A total of 70 patients were enrolled in the study. The most significant decrease in the risk of the progression or death was detected at the 50% threshold value and it was accepted as the optimal threshold. The median PFS was 17.9 vs. 7.06 months (mo) in the pts with high ALK rearrangement than low (HR: 0.43, 95% CI 0.24-0.76, p 0.004). The median OS was also significant longer in high ALK rearrange group (44.6 mo vs. 16.8 mo; HR: 0.37, 95% Cl 0.1883-0.7315; p 0.004). The intracranial progression during crizotinib treatment was significantly frequent in the pts with high ALK rearrangement (62.5-32.5%, P 0.039) DISCUSSION: In this study, we found that the high break-apart ratio can predict the extent of benefit from targeted therapy in ALK-positive NSCLC patients. Based on the results of this study, the percentage of the ALK rearrangement can be used to predict treatment outcome and to choose the optimal targeted agent in the treatment of metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Bilgin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ataturk Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Education and Research Training Hospital, 06100, Ankara, Kecioren, Turkey.
| | | | - Şebnem Yücel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ataturk Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Education and Research Training Hospital, 06100, Ankara, Kecioren, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Hizal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gürkan Güner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nalan Akyürek
- Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cihan Erol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Didem Şener Dede
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Yalçın
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadettin Kılıçkap
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bilgin B, Hızal M, Yücel Ş, Şendur MAN, Akyürek N, Akıncı MB, Yılmaz Ü, Yalçın B. The association of clinicopathologic features and peripheral blood parameters with high PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Tuberk Toraks 2020; 68:118-125. [PMID: 32755111 DOI: 10.5578/tt.69182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a marker that widely used for prediction of response to immunotherapy. Dynamic alteration of PD-L1 expression are the major problems for reflection of the actual status of the PD-L1. So, we aimed to investigate the factors that may be associated with PD-L1 expression in lung cancer. Materials and Methods The patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled, retrospectively. The patients were stratified according to PD-L1 expression level as ≥ 50% and < 50%. Result Totally, 217 patients were enrolled. The clinicopathologic features were similar between two groups, except the amount of cigarette consumption. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammmotry index were found significantly lower in PD-L1 ≥ 50% (p< 0.001, p= 0.006 and p= 0.003, respectively) and also negatively correlated with PD-L1 level (rho= -0.255, p< 0.001; rho= -0.17, p= 0.013; rho= - 0.185, p= 0.006, respectively). Conclusions According to the results of our study, peripheral blood parameters can be used to the prediction of the high PD-L1 expression and can be used for reflection of current PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Bilgin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Sciences University, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Hızal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Yücel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Sciences University, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Nahit Şendur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nalan Akyürek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Bülent Akıncı
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Yılmaz
- Department of Chest Diseases, Health Sciences University, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Yalçın
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bilgin B, Sendur MAN, Yücel Ş, Hizal M, Yalçın B. Prognostic Importance of Albumin Globulin Ratio in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Ankara Medical Journal 2019. [DOI: 10.17098/amj.651978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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