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Porcelli L, Stolfa D, Stefanachi A, Di Fonte R, Garofoli M, Iacobazzi RM, Silvestris N, Guarini A, Cellamare S, Azzariti A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of N-biphenyl-nicotinic based moiety compounds: A new class of antimitotic agents for the treatment of Hodgkin Lymphoma. Cancer Lett 2018; 445:1-10. [PMID: 30583077 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that some N-biphenylanilides caused cell-cycle arrest at G2/M transition in breast cancer cells. Among them we choose three derivatives, namely PTA34, PTA73 and RS35 for experimentation in solid tumor cell lines, classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) cell lines and bona fide normal cell lines. Almost all tumor cells were sensitive to compounds in the nanomolar range whereas, they were not cytotoxic to normal ones. Interestingly the compounds caused a strong G2/M phase arrest in cHL cell lines, thus, here we investigated whether they affected the integrity of microtubules in such cells. We found that they induced a long prometaphase arrest, followed by induction of apoptosis which involved mitochondria. PTA73 and RS35 induced the mitotic arrest through the fragmentation of microtubules which prevented the kinethocore-mitotic spindle interaction and the exit from mitosis. PTA34 is instead a tubulin-targeting agent because it inhibited the tubulin polymerization as vinblastine. As such, PTA34 maintained the Cyclin B1-CDK1 regulatory complex activated during the G2/M arrest while inducing the inactivation of Bcl-2 through phosphorylation in Ser70, the degradation of Mcl-1 and a strong activation of BIML and BIMS proapoptotic isoforms. In addition PTA34 exerted an antiangiogenic effect by suppressing microvascular formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Porcelli
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - D Stolfa
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy; Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienza del Farmaco, Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Stefanachi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienza del Farmaco, Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - R Di Fonte
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - M Garofoli
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - R M Iacobazzi
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - N Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - A Guarini
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - S Cellamare
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienza del Farmaco, Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Azzariti
- Experimental Pharmacology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy.
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Porcelli L, Azzariti A, Strippoli S, Di Fonte R, Garofoli M, Iacobazzi R, Guida M. Potential therapeutic combination of beta-blockers and trabectedin in metastatic soft tissue sarcoma and ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx427.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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3
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De Summa S, Ferretta A, Rosamaria P, Orazio P, Carella M, Guida G, Azzariti A, Tommasi S. Acidosis meets the “hallmarks of cancer”: transcriptome analysis to uncover its role in melanoma. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Porcelli L, Iacobazzi R, Brunetti O, Signorile M, Delcuratolo S, Massiah G, Cito P, Silvestris N, Azzariti A. Mast Cells (MCs) Infiltration Affects Pancreatic Cancer (PC) Response To Gemcitabine Based Chemotherapy: In Vitro New Insights. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv344.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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5
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Guida M, Strippoli S, Albano A, Ferretta A, Bartolomeo N, Greco C, Guida S, Natalicchio I, Tommasi S, Azzariti A, Guida G. Negative influence of Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphisms on clinical outcomes of metastatic melanoma (MM) patients (pts) harboring BRAF mutation and treated with BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi). Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv337.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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6
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De Summa S, Pinto R, Strippoli S, Natalicchio I, Azzariti A, Cramarossa A, Signorile M, Albano A, Lorusso V, Guida G, Guida M, Tommasi S. Sequential combination of low dose chemo-modulating Temozolomide and Fotemustine in metastatic melanoma: clinical and molecular evaluation. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv337.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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7
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Brunetti O, Porcelli L, Graziano G, Lorusso V, Signorile M, Delcuratolo S, Palermo L, Massiah G, Azzariti A, Silvestris N. Possible predictive role of the soluble cd40 ligand (scd40l) in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients (pts) treated with first line folfirinox or gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel combination. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv344.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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8
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Guida S, Bartolomeo N, Zanna PT, Grieco C, Maida I, De Summa S, Tommasi S, Guida M, Azzariti A, Foti C, Filotico R, Guida G. Sporadic melanoma in South-Eastern Italy: the impact of melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphism analysis in low-risk people and report of three novel variants. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:495-503. [PMID: 25736238 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and genetic risk factors are involved in the development of melanoma. The role of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene has been investigated and differences according to geographic areas have been described. To evaluate the role of some clinical and genetic risk factors in melanoma development, we performed a case-control study involving 101 melanoma patients and 103 controls coming from South-Eastern Italy (Puglia), after achieving informed consent. We confirmed the role of known clinical risk factors for melanoma. Furthermore, 42 MC1R polymorphisms were observed. Three of these variants (L26V, H232L, D294Y) were not previously reported in the literature. Their predicted impact on receptor function was evaluated using bioinformatic tools. We report an overall frequency of MC1R variants in our population higher than in Northern or Central Italy. The most common polymorphism found was V60L, that has been recently reported to spread among South Mediterranean population. This variant influenced phenotypic characteristics of our population while it did not impinge on melanoma risk. An increased risk of melanoma was associated with two or more MC1R variants, when at least one was RHC, compared to people carrying the MC1R consensus sequence or a single MC1R polymorphism. Interestingly, we observed an increased risk of melanoma in subjects with darker skin and lower nevus count, usually considered at low risk, when carrying MC1R polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guida
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
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Quatrale AE, Porcelli L, Gnoni A, Numico G, Paradiso A, Azzariti A. New vascular disrupting agents in upper gastrointestinal malignancies. Curr Med Chem 2014; 21:1039-49. [PMID: 23992324 DOI: 10.2174/09298673113209990233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antivascular approaches aim to cause rapid and catastrophic shutdown in the vascular function of the tumour, leading to extensive tumour cell death. Tumour vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) are a new class of cancer therapies that target the existing vasculature of tumours, taking advantage of the relative instability of tumour vasculature and its supporting structures. Treatment with VDAs induces a rapid collapse and regression of tumour vessels, with a consequent deprivation of blood and oxygen which leads to ischemic or hemorrhagic necrosis of the tumour. In this review, an overview of the most recently developed vascular disrupting agents is reported, focusing on the biological effects exerted by these compounds on endothelial cells and tumour vasculature, potentially effective in the treatment of several malignancies including upper gastrointestinal tumours. In particular, we have focused on the antimitotic agent combretastatin and its numerous synthetic analogues such as combretastatin A-4-phosphate, OXI4503, and AVE8062, and on the colchicine analogue ZD6126.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - A Azzariti
- Clinical and Preclinical Pharmacology Laboratory, National Cancer Research Centre - Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II Viale O. Flacco, 65 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Bobba A, Amadoro G, Azzariti A, Pizzuto R, Atlante A. Extracellular ADP prevents neuronal apoptosis via activation of cell antioxidant enzymes and protection of mitochondrial ANT-1. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1837:1338-49. [PMID: 24709060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis in neuronal tissue is an efficient mechanism which contributes to both normal cell development and pathological cell death. The present study explores the effects of extracellular ADP on low [K(+)]-induced apoptosis in rat cerebellar granule cells. ADP, released into the extracellular space in brain by multiple mechanisms, can interact with its receptor or be converted, through the actions of ectoenzymes, to adenosine. The findings reported in this paper demonstrate that ADP inhibits the proapoptotic stimulus supposedly via: i) inhibition of ROS production during early stages of apoptosis, an effect mediated by its interaction with cell receptor/s. This conclusion is validated by the increase in SOD and catalase activities as well as by the GSSG/GSH ratio value decrease, in conjunction with the drop of ROS level and the prevention of the ADP protective effect by pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS), a novel functionally selective antagonist of purine receptor; ii) safeguard of the functionality of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide-1 translocator (ANT-1), which is early impaired during apoptosis. This effect is mediated by its plausible internalization into cell occurring as such or after its hydrolysis, by means of plasma membrane nucleotide metabolizing enzymes, and resynthesis into the cell. Moreover, the findings that ADP also protects ANT-1 from the toxic action of the two Alzheimer's disease peptides, i.e. Aβ1-42 and NH2htau, which are known to be produced in apoptotic cerebellar neurons, further corroborate the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection by ADP, herein proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bobba
- Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, CNR, Bari, Italy
| | - G Amadoro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Roma, Italy
| | - A Azzariti
- Clinical and Preclinical Pharmacology Lab, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori G. Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - R Pizzuto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - A Atlante
- Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, CNR, Bari, Italy.
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11
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Porcelli L, Quatrale A, Mantuano P, Silvestris N, Rolland J, Biancolillo L, Paradiso A, Azzariti A. Synergistic Antiproliferative and Antiangiogenic Effects of EGFR and mTOR Inhibitors. Curr Pharm Des 2013. [DOI: 10.2174/138161213804547295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Porcelli L, Quatrale AE, Mantuano P, Silvestris N, Rolland JF, Biancolillo L, Paradiso A, Azzariti A. Synergistic antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of EGFR and mTOR inhibitors. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19:918-926. [PMID: 22973960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Single-agent therapy with molecularly targeted agents has shown limited success in tumor growth control, mainly because escape or resistance mechanisms are activated once a signalling molecule is inhibited. Rational combinations of target-specific agents could counteract this response providing a useful strategy in cancer treatment. In this regard, the EGFR and mTOR inhibitors have been used together to generate a synergistic effect and maximize the efficacy of each individual agent. Overall, the in vivo and in vitro evidences support the utilization of combinations targeting EGFR and mTOR, for malignancies characterized by deregulated EGFR/PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signalling cascade; whereas the clinical experience points out that the assessment of the therapeutic value of such combination awaits further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Porcelli
- Clinical Experimental Oncology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute Giovanni Paolo II, Viale O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
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13
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Porcelli L, Quatrale A, Mantuano P, Silvestris N, Rolland J, Biancolillo L, Paradiso A, Azzariti A. Synergistic Antiproliferative and Antiangiogenic Effects of EGFR and mTOR Inhibitors. Curr Pharm Des 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612811306050918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Porcelli L, Quatrale AE, Mantuano P, Silvestris N, Brunetti AE, Calvert H, Paradiso A, Azzariti A. Synthetic lethality to overcome cancer drug resistance. Curr Med Chem 2012; 19:3858-73. [PMID: 22788762 DOI: 10.2174/092986712802002563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A large body of evidence point out that the onset of synthetic lethality may provide a useful tool for amplifying the efficacy of drugs in anticancer regimens, to uncover interdependence between genes and to identify predictive factors that would be extremely useful to guide in the selection of more effective targeted drugs and drug combinations for each patient. Here, we provide an overview on the exploitation of synthetic lethality to overcome drug resistance to conventional chemotherapy in several types of solid tumors. We report recent findings on cellular markers and gene mutations which are specifically essential for the viability of cancer cells and for resistance to chemotherapeutics. In addition, new molecularly targeted strategies to overcome drug resistance are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Porcelli
- Clinical Experimental Oncology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
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15
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Porcelli L, Gilardi F, Laghezza A, Piemontese L, Mitro N, Azzariti A, Altieri F, Cervoni L, Fracchiolla G, Giudici M, Guerrini U, Lavecchia A, Montanari R, Di Giovanni C, Paradiso A, Pochetti G, Simone GM, Tortorella P, Crestani M, Loiodice F. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Ureidofibrate-Like Derivatives Endowed with Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Activity. J Med Chem 2011; 55:37-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jm201306q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Porcelli
- Laboratorio di Oncologia Sperimentale Clinica, Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - F. Gilardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano,
Italy
| | - A. Laghezza
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - L. Piemontese
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - N. Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano,
Italy
| | - A. Azzariti
- Laboratorio di Oncologia Sperimentale Clinica, Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - F. Altieri
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biochimiche
“A. Rossi Fanelli”, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - L. Cervoni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biochimiche
“A. Rossi Fanelli”, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G. Fracchiolla
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M. Giudici
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano,
Italy
| | - U. Guerrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano,
Italy
| | - A. Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica
e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - R. Montanari
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Montelibretti, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione,
Roma, Italy
| | - C. Di Giovanni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica
e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - A. Paradiso
- Laboratorio di Oncologia Sperimentale Clinica, Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - G. Pochetti
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Montelibretti, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione,
Roma, Italy
| | - G. M. Simone
- Laboratorio di Oncologia Sperimentale Clinica, Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - P. Tortorella
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M. Crestani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano,
Italy
| | - F. Loiodice
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Silvestris N, Azzariti A, Porcelli L, Quatrale AE, Paradiso A, Colucci G. Possibile role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in immunodepleted plasma of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients (pts) treated with a biweekly administration of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX-2) plus bevacizumab: Preliminary results. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e14155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
A number of inhibitors of DNA repair have been evaluated or are undergoing development as potential cancer treatments. Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) are of particular interest in treating hereditary breast cancers occurring in patients who are carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. In vitro PARP inhibitors are highly cytotoxic to cell lines carrying BRCA mutations while only minimally toxic to cell lines without these mutations. This is thought to be due to a phenomenon known as synthetic lethality where the accumulation of single-strand breaks consequent on PARP inhibition are converted to double-strand breaks on cell division. Cancer cells in BRCA carriers are uniquely unable to repair the consequent double-strand breaks that result during cell division. PARP inhibitors were initially developed as possible chemo-potentiating agents but have now been evaluated clinically in BRCA-related tumors, showing remarkable single-agent activity. The potential future development and use is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Calvert
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Azzariti A, Bocci G, Porcelli L, Quatrale A, Fioravanti A, Del Tacca M, Paradiso A. 34 AZD1152 PLUS GEMCITABINE FOR PANCREAS CANCER TREATMENT: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDY. Cancer Treat Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Porcelli L, Jansen G, Giovannetti E, Scheffer G, Kathman I, Azzariti A, Paradiso A, Peters G. 46 IS BCRP EXPRESSION AND LOCALIZATION REGULATED BY EGFR PATHWAY IN NSCLC CELLS? Cancer Treat Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Silvestris N, Maiello E, De Vita F, Cinieri S, Santini D, Russo A, Tommasi S, Azzariti A, Numico G, Pisconti S, Petriella D, Lorusso V, Millaku A, Colucci G. Update on capecitabine alone and in combination regimens in colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Treat Rev 2010; 36 Suppl 3:S46-55. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bellizzi A, Malfettone A, Azzariti A, Reshkin S, Paradiso A. The Na+/H+ exchanger regulation factor (NHERF1) is a component of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling complex and regulates EGFR degradation. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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22
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Sebastian S, Azzariti A, Accardi R, Conti D, Pilato B, LaCalamita R, Porcelli L, Simone GM, Tommasi S, Tommasino M, Paradiso A. Validation of gefitinib effectiveness in a broad panel of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2008; 21:809-17. [PMID: 18506376 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.21.6.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently improved understanding of the pathogenesis of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has led to the development of new, molecular-based therapeutic strategies, one of the more promising is the utilisation of tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors, targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In this study, we tested for gefitinib effectiveness in a broad panel of 12 newly established HNSCC cell lines, investigating its ability to reduce cell growth, to induce apoptosis and to modulate cell cycle and various EGFR pathway-related targets. Gefitinib IC50 values ranged between 0.064 and 33 microM, its capability to induce apoptosis and cell accumulation in G0/G1 phase was cell line-specific, and the main EGFR-related pathway involved in gefitinib activity was PI3K/Akt/mTor. We characterised our in vitro panel extensively, with the aim to identify predictive factors for gefitinib effectiveness; all cell lines were free of human papillomavirus infection, two were positive for Fhit expression, four expressed wild-type p53, and all of them variously expressed the other two p53 family members, p63 and p73. The comparison between the targets analysed and gefitinib effectiveness evidenced the absence of a clear relationship, excluding them as predictive factors for gefitinib efficacy. Our results confirmed the in vitro efficacy of an anti-EGFR approach, but other targets than those analysed here should be characterised in order to identify valid predictive factors for gefitinib utilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sebastian
- Clinical Experimental Oncology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Bari, Italy
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23
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Pocelli L, Azzariti A, Simone G, Gatti G, Nicolin A, Paradiso A. P27 Antiangiogenic activity of combining gefitinib and rapamycin in a panel of pancreas cancer cell lines. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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24
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Bellizzi A, Malfettone A, Azzariti A, Cardone R, Busco G, Reshkin S, Paradiso A. P33 The Na+/H+ exchanger regulator factor (NHERF1) is a component of EGF receptor signaling complex and regulates EGF receptor degradation. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Azzariti A, Porcelli L, Simone G, Paradiso A. P32 The Aurora kinase inhibitor AZD1152 inhibits cell proliferation, modifies the cell cycle and enhances chemotherapeutic activity in in vitro models. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Azzariti A, Porcelli L, Simone G, Gagliardi S, Paradiso A. 184 POSTER Time dependent effects of Gefitinib on ABCG2: modulation of CPT-11 efficacy in colon cancer cell lines. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Giannelli G, Azzariti A, Fransvea E, Porcelli L, Antonaci S, Paradiso A. Laminin-5 offsets the efficacy of gefitinib ('Iressa') in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:1964-9. [PMID: 15545972 PMCID: PMC2409763 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/29/2004] [Accepted: 10/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still very poor, and no therapies are currently available to inhibit tumour growth and metastases. Recently, we reported that the expression of an extracellular matrix component (ECM), namely Laminin-5 (Ln-5), is directly related to poor prognosis in HCC patients. The aim of our study is to investigate the preclinical effect of gefitinib in an in vitro HCC model. We found that the IC(50) of gefitinib in HCC cells ranged from 0.7 to 10.0 muM, whereas Ln-5 inhibited the activity of gefitinib in a dose-dependent manner. Complete inhibition of phosphorylated (p)-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) was obtained within 6 h exposure to gefitinib and complete restoration of the receptor status was obtained after 24 h. A downstream effect yields a decrease in p-Akt and p-Erk 1/2. The addition of exogenous Ln-5 has no effect on p-EGFR, whereas it restores p-Erk 1/2 and p-Akt. Consistently, Ln-5 induces recovery of HCC cells from Gefitinib-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, gefitinib inhibits HCC cell growth and we report for the first time that Ln-5, but not other ECM molecules, reduces the ability of gefitinib to inhibit cell growth via Akt. As patients with HCC have different Ln-5 expression levels, these results may help to better understand which patients might benefit from gefitinib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Giannelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
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Paradiso A, Azzariti A, Porcelli L, Simone G, Fransvea E, Antonaci S, Giannelli G. 400 Gefitinib in liver cancer: could laminin-5 expression be a good predictive factor? EJC Suppl 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(04)80407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Atlante A, Calissano P, Bobba A, Azzariti A, Marra E, Passarella S. Cytochrome c is released from mitochondria in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent fashion and can operate as a ROS scavenger and as a respiratory substrate in cerebellar neurons undergoing excitotoxic death. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:37159-66. [PMID: 10980192 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m002361200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In rat cerebellar granule cells both reactive oxygen species production and release of cytochrome c take place during glutamate toxicity. This investigation was aimed (i) to ascertain whether and how these two processes are related and (ii) to gain insight into the role played by the released cytochrome c in the onset of neurotoxicity. Cytochrome c release takes place owing to the generation of reactive oxygen species both in glutamate-treated cerebellar granule cells and in sister control cultures incubated in the presence of the reactive oxygen species-generating system consisting of xanthine plus xanthine oxidase. In the early phase of neurotoxicity (30-min glutamate exposure) about 40% of the maximum (as measured at 3 h of glutamate exposure) cytochrome c release was found to occur in cerebellar granule cells from mitochondria that were essentially coupled and intact and that had a negligible production of oxygen free radicals. Contrarily, mitochondria from cells treated with glutamate for 3 h were mostly uncoupled and produced reactive oxygen species at a high rate. The cytosolic fraction containing the released cytochrome c was able to transfer electrons from superoxide anion to molecular oxygen via the respiratory chain and was found to partially prevent glutamate toxicity when added externally to cerebellar neurons undergoing necrosis. In the light of these findings, we propose that in the early phase of neurotoxicity, cytochrome c release can be part of a cellular and mitochondrial defense mechanism against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Atlante
- Centro di Studio sui Mitocondri e Metabolismo Energetico, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via G. Amendola, 165/A-70126 Bari, Istituto di Neurobiologia, CNR, Viale K. Marx, 15-00137 Roma, Italy
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Azzariti A, Vacca RA, Giannattasio S, Merafina RS, Marra E, Doonan S. Kinetic properties and thermal stabilities of mutant forms of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1386:29-38. [PMID: 9675237 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(98)00057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic properties and thermal stabilities of the precursor form of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, the mature form lacking 9 amino acids from the N-terminus, and forms of the mature protein in which cysteine-166 had been mutated to serine or alanine were compared with those of the mature enzyme. The precursor and the cysteine mutants showed moderately impaired catalytic properties consistent with decreased ability to undergo transition from the open to the closed conformation which is an integral part of the mechanism of action of the enzyme. The deletion mutant had a kcat only 2% of that of the mature enzyme but also much reduced Km values for both substrates. In addition it showed enhanced reactivity of cysteine-166 with 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate), which is characteristic of the closed form of the enzyme, with no enhancement of reactivity in the presence of substrates. This is taken to show that the deletion mutant adopts a conformation that is significantly different from that of the mature enzyme particularly in respect of the small domain. The deletion mutant was found to be more resistant to thermal inactivation over a range of temperatures than were the other forms of the enzyme consistent with its having a more tightly packed small domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Azzariti
- Centro di Studio sui Mitocondri e Metabolismo Energetico, CNR, Bari and Trani, Italy
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Azzariti A, Giannattasio S, Doonan S, Merafina RS, Marra E, Quagliariello E. Use of protease sensitivity to probe the conformations of newly synthesised mutant forms of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 215:800-7. [PMID: 7488044 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1995.2534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity to digestion with pronase has been used to show that the precursor form of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, the form lacking the N-terminal presequence, that with a deletion of the first 9 residues and mutants of the mature enzyme in which residue Cys-166 is mutated to alanine or serine, all retain unfolded conformations after synthesis in a reticulocyte lysate. In the presence of lysed mitochondria the various forms of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase retained their susceptibilities to pronase in a way that mirrored the efficiencies with which they are imported into intact mitochondria. The results are interpreted as showing that the presequence of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase is not uniquely required for interaction with cytosolic factors required to maintain the newly synthesised protein in a form competent for interacting with, and being imported into, mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Azzariti
- Centro di Studio sui Mitocondri e Metabolismo Energetico-C.N.R., Bari, Italy
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Marra E, Azzariti A, Giannattasio S, Doonan S, Quagliariello E. Cumulative effects of mutations in newly synthesised mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase on uptake into mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 214:511-7. [PMID: 7677759 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1995.2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mutant genes were constructed which coded for the precursor form of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in which residue cysteine 166 was mutated to either serine or alanine and for forms of the protein lacking both the presequence and residues 1-9 of the mature protein but carrying the same cysteine mutations. The protein products of all of these mutant genes were imported into mitochondria that had been added to the expression system but with varying degrees of efficiency. The results showed that the effects of mutation of cysteine 166 and of deletion of residues 1-9 of the mature protein on sequestration into mitochondria were essentially cumulative, suggesting that these parts of the protein are involved in distinct steps on the recognition/uptake pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marra
- Centro di Studio sui Mitocondri e Metabolismo Energetico, C.N.R., Bari, Italy
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Giannattasio S, Azzariti A, Marra E, Quagliariello E. The N-terminal region of mature mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase can direct cytosolic dihydrofolate reductase into mitochondria in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 201:1059-65. [PMID: 8024546 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Two fused genes were constructed which encode for two chimeric proteins in which either 10 or 191 N-terminal amino acids of mature mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase had been attached to the entire polypeptide chain of cytosolic dihydrofolate reductase. The precursor and mature form of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, dihydrofolate reductase and both chimeric proteins were synthesized in vitro and their import into isolated mitochondria was studied. Both chimeric proteins were taken up by isolated organelles, where they became protease resistant, thus indicating the ability of the N-terminal portion of the mature moiety of the precursor of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase to direct cytosolic dihydrofolate reductase into mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Giannattasio
- Centro di Studio sui Mitocondri e Metabolismo Energetico, C.N.R., Bari, Italy
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