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Im KS, Kim JH, Graef AJ, Cornax I, Seelig DM, O'Sullivan MG, Kovi RC, Modiano JF. Establishment of a Patient-Derived Xenograft of Canine Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma, Large Cell Type. J Comp Pathol 2016; 156:37-41. [PMID: 28011041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of canine T-cell lymphoma remains incompletely understood, partly because there are no well-established in-vivo models to study these malignancies. For this study, we generated a patient-derived tumour xenograft (PDTX) from a 10-year-old neutered male golden retriever dog with enteropathy-associated intestinal T-cell lymphoma, large cell type. One of two female, 15-week-old beige/nude/XID mice developed a visible tumour 7 weeks after sections of tumour material from the spleen were surgically implanted. The histological appearance, immunophenotype and clonal antigen receptor rearrangements of the tumour from the recipient mouse showed that it was derived from the primary canine tumour. Our results indicate that immunodeficient mice are receptive hosts to develop in-vivo PDTX models to study the pathogenesis and management of canine T-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Im
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - J H Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - A J Graef
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - I Cornax
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - D M Seelig
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - M G O'Sullivan
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - R C Kovi
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - J F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
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Rodriguez AM, Graef AJ, LeVine DN, Cohen IR, Modiano JF, Kim JH. Association of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P Receptor-1 Pathway with Cell Proliferation and Survival in Canine Hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1088-97. [PMID: 26118793 PMCID: PMC4684944 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a key biolipid signaling molecule that regulates cell growth and survival, but it has not been studied in tumors from dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives S1P/S1P1 signaling will contribute to the progression of hemangiosarcoma (HSA). Animals Thirteen spontaneous HSA tissues, 9 HSA cell lines, 8 nonmalignant tissues, including 6 splenic hematomas and 2 livers with vacuolar degeneration, and 1 endothelial cell line derived from a dog with splenic hematoma were used. Methods This was a retrospective case series and in vitro study. Samples were obtained as part of medically necessary diagnostic procedures. Microarray, qRT‐PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting were performed to examine S1P1 expression. S1P concentrations were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. S1P signaling was evaluated by intracellular Ca2+ mobilization; proliferation and survival were evaluated using the MTS assay and Annexin V staining. Results Canine HSA cells expressed higher levels of S1P1mRNA than nonmalignant endothelial cells. S1P1 protein was present in HSA tissues and cell lines. HSA cells appeared to produce low levels of S1P, but they selectively consumed S1P from the culture media. Exogenous S1P induced an increase in intracellular calcium as well as increased proliferation and viability of HSA cells. Prolonged treatment with FTY720, an inhibitor of S1P1, decreased S1P1 protein expression and induced apoptosis of HSA cells. Conclusions and clinical importance S1P/S1P1 signaling pathway functions to maintain HSA cell viability and proliferation. The data suggest that S1P1 or the S1P pathway in general could be targets for therapeutic intervention for dogs with HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A J Graef
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - D N LeVine
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | | | - J F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - J-H Kim
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Khammanivong A, Gorden BH, Frantz AM, Graef AJ, Dickerson EB. Identification of drug-resistant subpopulations in canine hemangiosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2014; 14:e113-25. [PMID: 25112808 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Canine hemangiosarcoma is a rapidly progressive disease that is poorly responsive to conventional chemotherapy. Despite numerous attempts to advance treatment options and improve outcomes, drug resistance remains a hurdle to successful therapy. To address this problem, we used recently characterized progenitor cell populations derived from canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines and grown as non-adherent spheres to identify potential drug resistance mechanisms as well as drug-resistant cell populations. Cells from sphere-forming cultures displayed enhanced resistance to chemotherapy drugs, expansion of dye-excluding side populations and altered ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter expression. Invasion studies demonstrated variability between cell lines as well as between sphere and monolayer cell populations. Collectively, our results suggest that sphere cell populations contain distinct subpopulations of drug-resistant cells that utilize multiple mechanisms to evade cytotoxic drugs. Our approach represents a new tool for the study of drug resistance in hemangiosarcoma, which could alter approaches for treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khammanivong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - B H Gorden
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - A M Frantz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - A J Graef
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - E B Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Cannon CM, Pozniak J, Scott MC, Ito D, Gorden BH, Graef AJ, Modiano JF. Canine osteosarcoma cells exhibit resistance to aurora kinase inhibitors. Vet Comp Oncol 2013; 13:48-59. [PMID: 23410058 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of Aurora kinase inhibitors AZD1152 and VX680 on canine osteosarcoma cells. Cytotoxicity was seen in all four cell lines; however, half-maximal inhibitory concentrations were significantly higher than in human leukaemia and canine lymphoma cells. AZD1152 reduced Aurora kinase B phosphorylation, indicating resistance was not because of failure of target recognition. Efflux mediated by ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporters is one known mechanism of resistance against these drugs and verapamil enhanced AZD1152-induced apoptosis; however, these transporters were only expressed by a small percentage of cells in each line and the effects of verapamil were modest, suggesting other mechanisms contribute to resistance. Our results indicate that canine osteosarcoma cells are resistant to Aurora kinase inhibitors and suggest that these compounds are unlikely to be useful as single agents for this disease. Further investigation of these resistance mechanisms and the potential utility of Aurora kinase inhibitors in multi-agent protocols is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Cannon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
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