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Meliho M, Nouira A, Benmansour M, Boulmane M, Khattabi A, Mhammdi N, Benkdad A. Assessment of soil erosion rates in a Mediterranean cultivated and uncultivated soils using fallout 137Cs. J Environ Radioact 2019; 208-209:106021. [PMID: 31357076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fallout radionuclides, such as 137Cs, have been recognized as a valuable means for studying soil erosion processes. In this study, the 137Cs technique was used to assess soil erosion magnitude and to investigate the effectiveness of terrace cultivations in the High Atlas of Morocco, particularly, the Ourika watershed. 137Cs depth distribution profiles were established along slope gradients associated with land use considering cereal crop, arboriculture and native forests. Along the slope gradient, depth distribution profiles highlight dissimilarities reflecting differences in land use, topographic roughness, soil particle distribution and stoniness. 137Cs inventory decreases exponentially with depth and its penetration increases along the slope. It becomes higher at the bottom of the slope, with penetration reaching 30 cm. 137Cs mass activity and inventory significantly decrease in cultivated terraces, compared to native forest. Although the pattern of 137Cs gain/loss varied according to topography, soil properties and vegetation cover, showing eroding and aggrading profiles, most samples had 137Cs values lower than the reference value, suggesting net-loss of soil as a consequence of erosion processes. The net erosion rates were estimated about 8.5 and 6.0 t ha-1 yr-1 in cereal crop and arboriculture agrosystems, respectively, whereas in the forest, the net erosion rate was lower at about 4.2 t ha-1 yr-1. Soil loss on agricultural terraces is not significantly above tolerable erosion rates for Morocco (<7 t ha-1 yr-1), particularly for arboriculture terraces. A strong correlation was observed between 137Cs and both soil organic carbon and slope gradient, in uncultivated area, whereas, there was no correlation for cultivated terraces. Terraced arboriculture systems should be encouraged for better soil preservation against water erosion in the Ourika watershed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Meliho
- Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco; Geophysic and Natural Risks Laboratory, Scientific Institue of Rabat, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco.
| | - A Nouira
- National Center for Energy Sciences and Nuclear Techniques of Rabat, Morocco
| | - M Benmansour
- National Center for Energy Sciences and Nuclear Techniques of Rabat, Morocco
| | - M Boulmane
- National School of Forest Engineers of Salé, Morocco
| | - A Khattabi
- Ecole Nationale Forestière d'Ingénieurs, Salé, Morocco
| | - N Mhammdi
- Geophysic and Natural Risks Laboratory, Scientific Institue of Rabat, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco
| | - A Benkdad
- National Center for Energy Sciences and Nuclear Techniques of Rabat, Morocco
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Migaou H, Nouira A, Salah S, Boudokhane S, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Neuromyopathy's resuscitation following a generalized tetanus: Case report. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jellad A, Boudokhane S, Migaou H, Salah S, Nouira A, Ben Salah Frih Z. La main traumatique : épidémiologie et résultat fonctionnel en milieu de médecine physique ambulatoire. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Migaou H, May W, Salah S, Boudokhane S, Nouira A, Mtawaa S, Elaoud W, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Profil épidémiologique des patients atteints de neuropathies diabétiques en consultation de médecine physique. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Migaou H, May W, Boudokhane S, Salah S, Elaoud W, Nouira A, Mtawaa S, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Peripheral neuropathies: Epidemiology and management in rehabilitation. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Migaou H, May W, Salah S, Boudokhane S, Nouira A, Mtawaa S, Elaoud W, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Epidemiological features of patients with diabetic neuropathies in consultation of physical medicine. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Migaou H, Lazreg N, Boudokhane S, Salah S, Nouira A, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Tendinopathie du long fibulaire et séquelles de poliomyélite antérieure aiguë : à propos d’un cas. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Boudokhane S, Nouira A, Migaou H, Salah S, Elmay W, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Function and neuroimaging in cerebral palsy. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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S.Salah, Nouira A, Migaou H, Boudokhane S, Lazreg N, Toulgui E, Jellad D, Ben Salah Frih Z. Obstetric brachial plexus palsy in a physical medicine and rehabilitation department. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Salah S, Toulgui E, Boudokhane S, Migaou H, Nouira A, Lazreg N, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Descriptive analysis of ballistic upper limb injuries. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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S.Salah, Nouira A, Migaou H, Boudokhane S, Lazreg N, Toulgui E, Jellad D, Ben Salah Frih Z. La paralysie obstétricale du plexus brachial en milieu de médecine physique et rééducation fonctionnelle. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Migaou H, Toulgui E, Salah S, Boudokhane S, Nouira A, Lazreg N, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Management of spinal muscular atrophy neuro-orthopedic complications: About three cases and review of literature. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Salah S, Lazreg N, Migaou H, Boudokhane S, Toulgui E, Nouira A, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Evaluation of the quality of sleep in patients with stroke. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Migaou H, Nouira A, Salah S, Boudokhane S, Toulgui E, Lazreg N, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Epidemiological profile of polio patients in consultation of Physical Medicine. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Salah S, Toulgui E, Boudokhane S, Migaou H, Nouira A, Lazreg N, Jellad A, Ben Salah Frih Z. Analyse descriptive et profil évolutif des blessures balistiques du membre supérieur. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bouafia N, Mahjoub M, Nouira A, Ben Aissa R, Saidi H, Guedana N, Njah M. Epidemiology of high risk pregnancy in Sousse, Tunisia. East Mediterr Health J 2013. [DOI: 10.26719/2013.19.5.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bouafia N, Mahjoub M, Nouira A, Ben Aissa R, Saïdi H, Guedana N, Njah M. [Epidemiology of high risk pregnancy in Sousse, Tunisia]. East Mediterr Health J 2013; 19:465-473. [PMID: 24617126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This descriptive study assessed the frequency of selected risk factors for high risk pregnancy (HRP) among women in Sousse region. All pregnant women (beyond 28 weeks gestation) giving birth in 4 public maternity hospitals between 15 February 2005 and 15 August 2005 and who had at least 1 risk factorwere enrolled. Data were collected within 24 hours of birth from obstetric and antenatal records and by interview. Of 4660 pregnant women, 1194 (25.6%) had at least 1 risk factor and were considered at-risk pregnancies. Mean age of the at-risk women was 31.3 (SD 5.4) years, 73% were urban residents, 38% had secondary education or higher and 75% were housewives. The mean number of risk factors was 1.5 per woman. The majority of women (59.3%) had 1 risk factor and 30.4% had 2. The mean number of prenatal visits was 4, 68.6% were seen by an obstetrician and 43% used the private sector. Certain factors were inadequately screened: age >35 years, parity >4, previous low birth weight and neonatal death, excessive fundal height and anaemia.
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Benmansour M, Mabit L, Nouira A, Moussadek R, Bouksirate H, Duchemin M, Benkdad A. Assessment of soil erosion and deposition rates in a Moroccan agricultural field using fallout 137Cs and 210Pbex. J Environ Radioact 2013; 115:97-106. [PMID: 22898495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In Morocco land degradation - mainly caused by soil erosion - is one of the most serious agroenvironmental threats encountered. However, only limited data are available on the actual magnitude of soil erosion. The study site investigated was an agricultural field located in Marchouch (6°42' W, 33° 47' N) at 68 km south east from Rabat. This work demonstrates the potential of the combined use of (137)Cs, (210)Pb(ex) as radioisotopic soil tracers to estimate mid and long term erosion and deposition rates under Mediterranean agricultural areas. The net soil erosion rates obtained were comparable, 14.3 t ha(-1) yr(-1) and 12.1 ha(-1) yr(-1) for (137)Cs and (210)Pb(ex) respectively, resulting in a similar sediment delivery ratio of about 92%. Soil redistribution patterns of the study field were established using a simple spatialisation approach. The resulting maps generated by the use of both radionuclides were similar, indicating that the soil erosion processes has not changed significantly over the last 100 years. Over the previous 10 year period, the additional results provided by the test of the prediction model RUSLE 2 provided results of the same order of magnitude. Based on the (137)Cs dataset established, the contribution of the tillage erosion impact has been evaluated with the Mass Balance Model 3 and compared to the result obtained with the Mass Balance Model 2. The findings highlighted that water erosion is the leading process in this Moroccan cultivated field, tillage erosion under the experimental condition being the main translocation process within the site without a significant and major impact on the net erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Benmansour
- Centre National de l'Energie des Sciences et des Technique Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco.
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Nouira A, Bchir A, Njah M, Yazid B, Bou Ali S. [Costs of basic health services in a health district in Tunisia]. East Mediterr Health J 2004. [DOI: 10.26719/2004.10.1-2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Information on the cost of health services is essential for good planning and management and the efficient use of resources. We calculated the total costs incurred in running primary health services for one year [1995] in the health district of Enfidha [Tunisia]. The yearly operating expenditure for the health district was 1 219 099 Tunisian dinars and the cost per inhabitant was 17.494 dinars [US dollar 1 = Tunisian dinar 0.950 in 1995] ; 65.37% of total costs went on staff and 17.03% on drugs. Looked at another way, 84, 96% went on curative services and 14.04% on preventive services. The cost of a consultation for curative care was 6.847dinars, for perinatal care was 2.764 dinars, for immunization was 3.680 and for school visit was 6.680 dinars. The study helps to identify ways in which cost analysis can be used to explore efficiency and resource adequacy in the district
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Nouira A, Bchir A, Njah M, Yazid B, Ali SB. [Costs of basic health services in a health district in Tunisia]. East Mediterr Health J 2004; 10:37-44. [PMID: 16201707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Information on the cost of health services is essential for good planning and management and the efficient use of resources. We calculated the total costs incurred in running primary health services for one year (1995) in the health district of Enfidha (Tunisia). The yearly operating expenditure for the health district was 1 219 099 Tunisian dinars and the cost per inhabitant was 17.494 dinars (US dollar 1 = Tunisian dinar 0.950 in 1995); 65.37% of total costs went on staff and 17.03% on drugs. Looked at another way, 84,96% went on curative services and 14.04% on preventive services. The cost of a consultation for curative care was 6.847dinars, for perinatal care was 2.764 dinars, for immunization was 3.680 and for school visit was 6.680 dinars. The study helps to identify ways in which cost analysis can be used to explore efficiency and resource adequacy in the district.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nouira
- Département de Médecine communautaire, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie
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Nouira A, Sayouty EH, Benmansour M. Use of (137)Cs technique for soil erosion study in the agricultural region of Casablanca in Morocco. J Environ Radioact 2003; 68:11-26. [PMID: 12726696 DOI: 10.1016/s0265-931x(03)00025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated erosion and soil degradation currently cause serious problems to the Oued El Maleh basin (Morocco). Furthermore, there is still only limited information on rates of soil loss for optimising strategies for soil conservation. In the present study we have used the (137)Cs technique to assess the soil erosion rates on an agricultural land in Oued el Maleh basin near Casablanca (Morocco). A small representative agricultural field was selected to investigate the soil degradation required by soil managers in this region. The transect approach was applied for sampling to identify the spatial redistribution of (137)Cs. The spatial variability of (137)Cs inventory has provided evidence of the importance of tillage process and the human effects on the redistribution of (137)Cs. The mean (137)Cs inventory was found about 842 Bq m(-2), this value corresponds to an erosion rate of 82 tha(-1) yr(-1) by applying simplified mass balance model in a preliminary estimation. When data on site characteristics were available, the refined mass balance model was applied to highlight the contribution of tillage effect in soil redistribution. The erosion rate was estimated about 50 tha(-1) yr(-1). The aspects related to the sampling procedures and the models for calculation of erosion rates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nouira
- Département de Physique, Groupe Méthodes Nucléaires d'Analyse, Faculté des Sciences Aïn Chock, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
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Njah M, Nouira A, Yacoub S, Belajouza S, Ghachem L, Boufares F, Chabriéres C. [Transfusion practice and attitudes]. Tunis Med 2002; 80:306-11. [PMID: 12534040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
During last years, blood transfusion and transfusion security were domains which have preoccupied health authorities, the population and health professionals. Beginning with the principle that blood transfusion is a care that must be under medical responsibilities, authors analyse physician's implication in this field. To reach this objective, a study interested 199 young physicians, working in two university hospitals in Tunisia. Results indicate that physician's knowledge about blood transfusion is insufficient to guarantee quality of this medical act. In terms of attitudes and practices, physicians are not really always implicated in the different stages of blood transfusion process. Intervention is limited to prescription and blood transfusion record card writing. Transfusion herself and monitoring were, in particular, delegated to nurses. So transfusion incidents were under--declared. Transfusion medicine must occupy important place in physicians curriculum. At hospital level, quality insurance process, based on audit, have to be implemented to obtain transfusion good practices, in a domain were risks are unfortunately not yet totally circumscribed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Njah
- Service d'hygiène hospitallère-CHU Farhat hached Sousse, Tunisie
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