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Tkach O, Vo TP, Fedchenko O, Medjanik K, Lytvynenko Y, Babenkov S, Vasilyev D, Nguyen QL, Peixoto TRF, Gloskowskii A, Schlueter C, Chernov S, Hoesch M, Kutnyakhov D, Scholz M, Wenthaus L, Wind N, Marotzke S, Winkelmann A, Rossnagel K, Minár J, Elmers HJ, Schönhense G. Circular dichroism in hard X-ray photoelectron diffraction observed by time-of-flight momentum microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 2023; 250:113750. [PMID: 37178606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) is a powerful technique that yields detailed structural information of solids and thin films that complements electronic structure measurements. Among the strongholds of XPD we can identify dopant sites, track structural phase transitions, and perform holographic reconstruction. High-resolution imaging of kll-distributions (momentum microscopy) presents a new approach to core-level photoemission. It yields full-field kx-ky XPD patterns with unprecedented acquisition speed and richness in details. Here, we show that beyond the pure diffraction information, XPD patterns exhibit pronounced circular dichroism in the angular distribution (CDAD) with asymmetries up to 80%, alongside with rapid variations on a small kll-scale (0.1 Å-1). Measurements with circularly-polarized hard X-rays (hν = 6 keV) for a number of core levels, including Si, Ge, Mo and W, prove that core-level CDAD is a general phenomenon that is independent of atomic number. The fine structure in CDAD is more pronounced compared to the corresponding intensity patterns. Additionally, they obey the same symmetry rules as found for atomic and molecular species, and valence bands. The CD is antisymmetric with respect to the mirror planes of the crystal, whose signatures are sharp zero lines. Calculations using both the Bloch-wave approach and one-step photoemission reveal the origin of the fine structure that represents the signature of Kikuchi diffraction. To disentangle the roles of photoexcitation and diffraction, XPD has been implemented into the Munich SPRKKR package to unify the one-step model of photoemission and multiple scattering theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Tkach
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Sumy State University, Rymskogo-Korsakova 2, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine.
| | - T-P Vo
- New Technologies - Research Centre, Univ. of West Bohemia, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - O Fedchenko
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Medjanik
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Y Lytvynenko
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Institute of Magnetism of the NAS of Ukraine and MES of Ukraine, 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - S Babenkov
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Vasilyev
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Q L Nguyen
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - T R F Peixoto
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Gloskowskii
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Schlueter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Chernov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Hoesch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Kutnyakhov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Scholz
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Wenthaus
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Wind
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany; Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Marotzke
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany; Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - A Winkelmann
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechn., Univ. of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - K Rossnagel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany; Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - J Minár
- New Technologies - Research Centre, Univ. of West Bohemia, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - H-J Elmers
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - G Schönhense
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Institut für Physik, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Naresh-Kumar G, Bruckbauer J, Winkelmann A, Yu X, Hourahine B, Edwards PR, Wang T, Trager-Cowan C, Martin RW. Determining GaN Nanowire Polarity and its Influence on Light Emission in the Scanning Electron Microscope. Nano Lett 2019; 19:3863-3870. [PMID: 31035764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The crystal polarity of noncentrosymmetric wurtzite GaN nanowires is determined nondestructively in the scanning electron microscope using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The impact of the nanowire polarity on light emission is then investigated using cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy. EBSD can determine polarity of noncentrosymmetric crystals by interrogating differences in the intensity distribution of bands of the EBSD pattern associated with semipolar planes. Experimental EBSD patterns from an array of GaN nanowires are compared with theoretical patterns produced using dynamical electron simulations to reveal whether they are Ga- or N-polar or, as in several cases, of mixed polarity. CL spectroscopy demonstrates the effect of the polarity on light emission, with spectra obtained from nanowires of known polarity revealing a small but measurable shift (≈28 meV) in the GaN near band edge emission energy between those with Ga and N polarity. We attributed this energy shift to a difference in impurity incorporation in nanowires of different crystal polarity. This approach can be employed to nondestructively identify polarity in a wide range of noncentrosymmetric nanoscale material systems and provide direct comparison with their luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Naresh-Kumar
- Department of Physics, SUPA , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G4 0NG , U.K
| | - J Bruckbauer
- Department of Physics, SUPA , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G4 0NG , U.K
| | - A Winkelmann
- Department of Physics, SUPA , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G4 0NG , U.K
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V. , 30419 Hannover , Germany
| | - X Yu
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering , University of Sheffield , Sheffield S1 3JD , U.K
| | - B Hourahine
- Department of Physics, SUPA , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G4 0NG , U.K
| | - P R Edwards
- Department of Physics, SUPA , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G4 0NG , U.K
| | - T Wang
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering , University of Sheffield , Sheffield S1 3JD , U.K
| | - C Trager-Cowan
- Department of Physics, SUPA , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G4 0NG , U.K
| | - R W Martin
- Department of Physics, SUPA , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow G4 0NG , U.K
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McMenamin PG, McLachlan J, Wilson A, McBride JM, Pickering J, Evans DJR, Winkelmann A. Do we really need cadavers anymore to learn anatomy in undergraduate medicine? Med Teach 2018; 40:1020-1029. [PMID: 30265177 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2018.1485884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
With the availability of numerous adjuncts or alternatives to learning anatomy other than cadavers (medical imaging, models, body painting, interactive media, virtual reality) and the costs of maintaining cadaver laboratories, it was considered timely to have a mature debate about the need for cadavers in the teaching of undergraduate medicine. This may be particularly pertinent given the exponential growth in medical knowledge in other disciplines, which gives them valid justification for time in already busy medical curricula. In this symposium, the pros and cons of cadaver use in modern medical curricula were debated and audience participation encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G McMenamin
- a Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | | | - A Wilson
- c Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine , Rush University , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - J M McBride
- d Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine , Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA
| | - J Pickering
- e Division of Anatomy, Leeds Institute of Medical Education, School of Medicine , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - D J R Evans
- f Developmental Tissue Biology, Academic Division, The University of Newcastle (UON) , Callaghan , Australia
| | - A Winkelmann
- g Institut für Anatomie, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg - Theodor Fontane , Neuruppin , Germany
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Winkelmann A, Oettl B, Weigl M. The relation between personal resources and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sommer C, Alten R, Bär KJ, Bernateck M, Brückle W, Friedel E, Henningsen P, Petzke F, Tölle T, Üçeyler N, Winkelmann A, Häuser W. [Drug therapy of fibromyalgia syndrome : Updated guidelines 2017 and overview of systematic review articles]. Schmerz 2018; 31:274-284. [PMID: 28493231 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-017-0207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regular update of the guidelines on fibromyalgia syndrome, AWMF number 145/004, was scheduled for April 2017. METHODS The guidelines were developed by 13 scientific societies and 2 patient self-help organizations coordinated by the German Pain Society. Working groups (n =8) with a total of 42 members were formed balanced with respect to gender, medical expertise, position in the medical or scientific hierarchy and potential conflicts of interest. A literature search for systematic reviews of randomized controlled drug trials from December 2010 to May 2016 was performed in the Cochrane library, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus databases. Levels of evidence were assigned according to the classification system of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine version 2009. The strength of recommendations was achieved by multiple step formalized procedures to reach a consensus. Efficacy, risks, patient preferences and applicability of available therapies were weighed up against each other. The guidelines were reviewed and approved by the board of directors of the societies engaged in the development of the guidelines. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Amitriptyline and duloxetine are recommended in the case of comorbid depressive disorders or generalized anxiety disorder and pregabalin in the case of generalized anxiety disorder. Off-label use of duloxetine and pregabalin can be considered if there are no comorbid mental disorders or no generalized anxiety disorder. Strong opioids are not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sommer
- Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
| | - R Alten
- Schlosspark-Klinik, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - K-J Bär
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Deutschland
| | - M Bernateck
- Zentrum für Schmerzmedizin, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - W Brückle
- Rheumatologikum, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - E Friedel
- Medis Research GmbH, Bad Kissingen, Deutschland
| | - P Henningsen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - F Petzke
- Schmerzmedizin, Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - T Tölle
- Klinik für Neurologie, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - N Üçeyler
- Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - A Winkelmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie, Physikalische Medizin und Rehabilitation, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - W Häuser
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland.,Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Saarbrücken gGmbH, Saarbrücken, Deutschland
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Eich W, Bär KJ, Bernateck M, Burgmer M, Dexl C, Petzke F, Sommer C, Winkelmann A, Häuser W. [Erratum to: Definition, classification, clinical diagnosis and prognosis of fibromyalgia syndrome : Updated guidelines 2017 and overview of systematic review articles]. Schmerz 2017; 31:620. [PMID: 28884194 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-017-0244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Eich
- Abteilung Innere Medizin II (Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik), Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69210, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - K-J Bär
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Deutschland
| | - M Bernateck
- Zentrum für Schmerzmedizin Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - M Burgmer
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | - C Dexl
- Deutsche Fibromyalgie Vereinigung, Seckach, Deutschland
| | - F Petzke
- Schmerzmedizin, Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - C Sommer
- Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - A Winkelmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie, Physikalische Medizin und Rehabilitation, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - W Häuser
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Saarbrücken gGmbH, Saarbrücken, Deutschland
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
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Naresh-Kumar G, Vilalta-Clemente A, Jussila H, Winkelmann A, Nolze G, Vespucci S, Nagarajan S, Wilkinson AJ, Trager-Cowan C. Quantitative imaging of anti-phase domains by polarity sensitive orientation mapping using electron backscatter diffraction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10916. [PMID: 28883500 PMCID: PMC5589861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced structural characterisation techniques which are rapid to use, non-destructive and structurally definitive on the nanoscale are in demand, especially for a detailed understanding of extended-defects and their influence on the properties of materials. We have applied the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique in a scanning electron microscope to non-destructively characterise and quantify antiphase domains (APDs) in GaP thin films grown on different (001) Si substrates with different offcuts. We were able to image and quantify APDs by relating the asymmetrical intensity distributions observed in the EBSD patterns acquired experimentally and comparing the same with the dynamical electron diffraction simulations. Additionally mean angular error maps were also plotted using automated cross-correlation based approaches to image APDs. Samples grown on substrates with a 4° offcut from the [110] do not show any APDs, whereas samples grown on the exactly oriented substrates contain APDs. The procedures described in our work can be adopted for characterising a wide range of other material systems possessing non-centrosymmetric point groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Naresh-Kumar
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 ONG, UK.
| | - A Vilalta-Clemente
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - H Jussila
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - A Winkelmann
- Bruker Nano GmbH, Am Studio 2D, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Nolze
- BAM, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Vespucci
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 ONG, UK
| | - S Nagarajan
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - A J Wilkinson
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - C Trager-Cowan
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 ONG, UK
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Langhorst J, Heldmann P, Henningsen P, Kopke K, Krumbein L, Lucius H, Winkelmann A, Wolf B, Häuser W. [Complementary and alternative procedures for fibromyalgia syndrome : Updated guidelines 2017 and overview of systematic review articles]. Schmerz 2017; 31:289-295. [PMID: 28493227 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-017-0206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regular update of the guidelines on fibromyalgia syndrome, AWMF number 145/004, was scheduled for April 2017. METHODS The guidelines were developed by 13 scientific societies and 2 patient self-help organizations coordinated by the German Pain Society. Working groups (n =8) with a total of 42 members were formed balanced with respect to gender, medical expertise, position in the medical or scientific hierarchy and potential conflicts of interest. A search of the literature for systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of complementary and alternative therapies from December 2010 to May 2016 was performed in the Cochrane library, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus databases. Levels of evidence were assigned according to the classification system of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine version 2009. The strength of recommendations was formed by multiple step formalized procedures to reach a consensus. Efficacy, risks, patient preferences and applicability of available therapies were weighed up against each other. The guidelines were reviewed and approved by the board of directors of the societies engaged in the development of the guidelines. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Meditative movement therapies (e.g. qi gong, tai chi and yoga) are strongly recommended. Acupuncture and weight reduction in cases of obesity can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Langhorst
- Innere Medizin V (Naturheilkunde und integrative Medizin), Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Deutschland.
| | - P Heldmann
- Bundesverband selbstständiger Physiotherapeuten, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - P Henningsen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - K Kopke
- Department Pflege und Management, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaft Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - L Krumbein
- RehaKlinikum Bad Säckingen, Bad Säckingen, Deutschland
| | - H Lucius
- Schmerzambulanz, Helios-Fachklinik Schleswig, Schleswig, Deutschland
| | - A Winkelmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie, Physikalische Medizin und Rehabilitation, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - B Wolf
- Deutsche Fibromyalgie Vereinigung, Seckach, Deutschland
| | - W Häuser
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland.,Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Saarbrücken gGmbH, Saarbrücken, Deutschland
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Eich W, Bär KJ, Bernateck M, Burgmer M, Dexl C, Petzke F, Sommer C, Winkelmann A, Häuser W. Definition, Klassifikation, klinische Diagnose und Prognose des Fibromyalgiesyndroms. Schmerz 2017; 31:231-238. [DOI: 10.1007/s00482-017-0200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Winkelmann A. Berichtigung zur spezifischen Wärme des Quecksilbers. Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1891-0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Patejdl R, Winkelmann A, Ehler J, Zettl H, Meister S, Zettl UK. [Diagnostic Workup and Treatment of Antibody-Related Encephalomyelitis]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2016; 84:S88-S91. [PMID: 27806422 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The results of laboratory tests for antineuronal antibodies in immune-mediated encephalitis nowadays are not only relevant for diagnostic purposes but are instead closely connected to outcome measures and treatment response. Besides the mere detection of antibodies, investigating the cerebrospinal fluid is indispensible to rule out an infectious etiology of encephalitis prior to the initiation of immunosuppressive treatment, whereas imaging studies are relevant to gain information on the temporal course of disease and for ruling out other etiologies, e. g. hippocampal gliomas. This work gives an overview on the clinical course and findings of laboratory, electroencephalography (EEG) and imaging studies in relevant types of autoimmune mediated encephalitis. Furthermore, it gives a synopsis on contemporary treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Patejdl
- Institut für Physiologie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - A Winkelmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - J Ehler
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - H Zettl
- Tumorzentrum, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - S Meister
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
| | - U K Zettl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock
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Zettl U, Hecker M, Koczan D, Fitzner B, Angerer I, Friess J, Roch L, Schröder I, Flechtner K, Thiesen H, Winkelmann A. Profiling of lymphocyte transcriptome changes in multiple sclerosis patients treated with fingolimod. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Different models of Kikuchi pattern formation are compared with respect to their applicability to noncentrosymmetric crystals, and the breakdown of Friedel's rule in experimental electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns is discussed. DifferentAIIIBVsemiconductor materials are used to evaluate the resulting asymmetry of Kikuchi band profiles for polar lattice planes. By comparison with the characteristic etch pit morphology on a single-crystal surface, the polar character of the measured lattice planes can be assigned absolutely. The presented approach enables point-group-resolved orientation mapping, which goes beyond the commonly applied Laue group analysis in EBSD.
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Winkelmann A, Löbermann M, Reisinger EC, Hartung HP, Zettl UK. [Immunotherapy and infectious issues in multiple sclerosis. Self-injectable and oral drugs for immunotherapy]. Nervenarzt 2015; 86:960-970. [PMID: 26187544 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-015-4369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is generally associated with an increased risk for the development of infections. Due to the continuously expanding spectrum of new and potent immunotherapy treatment options for multiple sclerosis (MS), this article describes the currently known risks for treatment-related infections and the current recommendations for prevention of corresponding problems with drugs used in treatment strategies for MS and their mechanisms of action. The new treatment options in particular are linked to specific and severe infections; therefore, intensive and long-lasting monitoring is required before, during and after treatment and multidisciplinary surveillance of patients is needed. This article gives a detailed review of drug-specific red flags and current recommendations for the prophylaxis of infections associated with treatment of relapsing-remitting MS and when using self-injectable and oral disease-modifying immunotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Winkelmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Deutschland,
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Winkelmann A, Semtner M, Meier JC. Chloride transporter KCC2-dependent neuroprotection depends on the N-terminal protein domain. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1776. [PMID: 26043076 PMCID: PMC4669822 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a serious issue of neurodegenerative diseases including epilepsy. Downregulation of the chloride transporter KCC2 in the epileptic tissue may not only affect regulation of the polarity of GABAergic synaptic transmission but also neuronal survival. Here, we addressed the mechanisms of KCC2-dependent neuroprotection by assessing truncated and mutated KCC2 variants in different neurotoxicity models. The results identify a threonine- and tyrosine-phosphorylation-resistant KCC2 variant with increased chloride transport activity, but they also identify the KCC2 N-terminal domain (NTD) as the relevant minimal KCC2 protein domain that is sufficient for neuroprotection. As ectopic expression of the KCC2-NTD works independently of full-length KCC2-dependent regulation of Cl(-) transport or structural KCC2 C-terminus-dependent regulation of synaptogenesis, our study may pave the way for a selective neuroprotective therapeutic strategy that will be applicable to a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Winkelmann
- RNA Editing and Hyperexcitability Disorders Helmholtz Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - M Semtner
- RNA Editing and Hyperexcitability Disorders Helmholtz Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - J C Meier
- RNA Editing and Hyperexcitability Disorders Helmholtz Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin 13125, Germany
- Division of Cell Physiology, TU Braunschweig, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
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Dąbrowski M, Peixoto TRF, Pazgan M, Winkelmann A, Cinal M, Nakagawa T, Takagi Y, Yokoyama T, Bisio F, Bauer U, Yildiz F, Przybylski M, Kirschner J. Oscillations of the orbital magnetic moment due to d-band quantum well states. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:067203. [PMID: 25148348 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.067203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of electron confinement on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of ultrathin bcc Fe films is explored by combining photoemission spectroscopy, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, and magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements. Pronounced thickness-dependent variations in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy are ascribed to periodic changes in the density of states at the Fermi level, induced by quantization of d(xz), d(yz) out-of-plane orbitals. Our results reveal a direct correlation between quantum well states, the orbital magnetic moment, and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dąbrowski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - T R F Peixoto
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - M Pazgan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - A Winkelmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - M Cinal
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Nakagawa
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Y Takagi
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - T Yokoyama
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - F Bisio
- CNR-SPIN Corso Perrone 24, I-16152 Genova, Italy
| | - U Bauer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - F Yildiz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - M Przybylski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany and Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, and Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - J Kirschner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, 06120 Halle, Germany and Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
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Nolze G, Winkelmann A. Exploring structural similarities between crystal phases using EBSD pattern comparison. Crystal Research and Technology 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201400091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Nolze
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing; Unter den Eichen 87; 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - A. Winkelmann
- Bruker Nano GmbH; Am Studio 2D; 12489 Berlin Germany
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20
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Winkelmann A, Loebermann M, Reisinger EC, Zettl UK. Multiple sclerosis treatment and infectious issues: update 2013. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 175:425-38. [PMID: 24134716 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulation and immunosuppression are generally linked to an increased risk of infection. In the growing field of new and potent drugs for multiple sclerosis (MS), we review the current data concerning infections and prevention of infectious diseases. This is of importance for recently licensed and future MS treatment options, but also for long-term established therapies for MS. Some of the disease-modifying therapies (DMT) go along with threats of specific severe infections or complications, which require a more intensive long-term monitoring and multi-disciplinary surveillance. We update the existing warning notices and infectious issues which have to be considered using drugs for multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Winkelmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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21
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Sommer C, Häuser W, Alten R, Petzke F, Späth M, Tölle T, Uçeyler N, Winkelmann A, Winter E, Bär KJ. [Drug therapy of fibromyalgia syndrome. Systematic review, meta-analysis and guideline]. Schmerz 2013; 26:297-310. [PMID: 22760463 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-012-1172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scheduled update to the German S3 guidelines on fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) by the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies ("Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften", AWMF; registration number 041/004) was planned starting in March 2011. MATERIALS AND METHODS The development of the guidelines was coordinated by the German Interdisciplinary Association for Pain Therapy ("Deutsche Interdisziplinären Vereinigung für Schmerztherapie", DIVS), 9 scientific medical societies and 2 patient self-help organizations. Eight working groups with a total of 50 members were evenly balanced in terms of gender, medical field, potential conflicts of interest and hierarchical position in the medical and scientific fields. Literature searches were performed using the Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases (until December 2010). The grading of the strength of the evidence followed the scheme of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. The recommendations were based on level of evidence, efficacy (meta-analysis of the outcomes pain, sleep, fatigue and health-related quality of life), acceptability (total dropout rate), risks (adverse events) and applicability of treatment modalities in the German health care system. The formulation and grading of recommendations was accomplished using a multi-step, formal consensus process. The guidelines were reviewed by the boards of the participating scientific medical societies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Amitriptyline and-in case of comorbid depressive disorder or generalized anxiety disorder-duloxetine are recommended. Off-label use of duloxetine and pregabalin can be considered in case of no comorbid mental disorder. Strong opioids are not recommended. The English full-text version of this article is available at SpringerLink (under "Supplemental").
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sommer
- Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
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Langhorst J, Häuser W, Bernardy K, Lucius H, Settan M, Winkelmann A, Musial F. [Complementary and alternative therapies for fibromyalgia syndrome. Systematic review, meta-analysis and guideline]. Schmerz 2013; 26:311-7. [PMID: 22760464 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-012-1178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scheduled update to the German S3 guidelines on fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) by the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies ("Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften", AWMF; registration number 041/004) was planned starting in March 2011. MATERIALS AND METHODS The development of the guidelines was coordinated by the German Interdisciplinary Association for Pain Therapy ("Deutsche Interdisziplinären Vereinigung für Schmerztherapie", DIVS), 9 scientific medical societies and 2 patient self-help organizations. Eight working groups with a total of 50 members were evenly balanced in terms of gender, medical field, potential conflicts of interest and hierarchical position in the medical and scientific fields. Literature searches were performed using the Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases (until December 2010). The grading of the strength of the evidence followed the scheme of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. The recommendations were based on level of evidence, efficacy (meta-analysis of the outcomes pain, sleep, fatigue and health-related quality of life), acceptability (total dropout rate), risks (adverse events) and applicability of treatment modalities in the German health care system. The formulation and grading of recommendations was accomplished using a multi-step, formal consensus process. The guidelines were reviewed by the boards of the participating scientific medical societies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Meditative movement therapies (qi gong, tai chi, yoga) are strongly recommended. Acupuncture can be considered. Mindfulness-based stress reduction as monotherapy and dance therapy as monotherapy are not recommended. Homeopathy is not recommended. In a minority vote, homeopathy was rated as "can be considered". Nutritional supplements and reiki are not recommended. The English full-text version of this article is available at SpringerLink (under "Supplemental").
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Affiliation(s)
- J Langhorst
- Innere Medizin V (Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin), Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Am Deimelsberg 34a, 45276, Essen, Deutschland.
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23
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Galea I, Lederer C, Neuhaus A, Muraro PA, Scalfari A, Koch-Henriksen N, Heesen C, Koepke S, Stellmann P, Albrecht H, Winkelmann A, Weber F, Bahn E, Hauser M, Edan G, Ebers G, Daumer M. A web-based tool for personalized prediction of long-term disease course in patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2012; 20:1107-9. [PMID: 23379849 PMCID: PMC4491319 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Evidence-Based Decision Support Tool in Multiple Sclerosis (EBDiMS) is the first web-based prognostic calculator in multiple sclerosis (MS) capable of delivering individualized estimates of disease progression. It has recently been extended to provide long-term predictions based on the data from a large natural history cohort. METHODS We compared the predictive accuracy and consistency of EBDiMS with that of 17 neurologists highly specialized in MS. RESULTS We show that whilst the predictive accuracy was similar, neurologists showed a significant intra-rater and inter-rater variability. CONCLUSIONS Because EBDiMS was consistent, it is of superior utility in a specialist setting. Further field testing of EBDiMS in non-specialist settings, and investigation of its usefulness for counselling patients in treatment decisions, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Galea
- University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Winkelmann A, Benecke R, Zettl U. Effect of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment on Pregnancy and Postpartum-Related Relapses in Multiple Sclerosis: A Prospective, Rater-Blinded Analysis (P06.185). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p06.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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25
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Naresh-Kumar G, Hourahine B, Edwards PR, Day AP, Winkelmann A, Wilkinson AJ, Parbrook PJ, England G, Trager-Cowan C. Rapid nondestructive analysis of threading dislocations in wurtzite materials using the scanning electron microscope. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:135503. [PMID: 22540714 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.135503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe the use of electron channeling contrast imaging in the scanning electron microscope to rapidly and reliably image and identify threading dislocations (TDs) in materials with the wurtzite crystal structure. In electron channeling contrast imaging, vertical TDs are revealed as spots with black-white contrast. We have developed a simple geometric procedure which exploits the differences observed in the direction of this black-white contrast for screw, edge, and mixed dislocations for two electron channeling contrast images acquired from two symmetrically equivalent crystal planes whose g vectors are at 120° to each other. Our approach allows unambiguous identification of all TDs without the need to compare results with dynamical simulations of channeling contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Naresh-Kumar
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 ONG, United Kingdom
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26
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Bisio F, Winkelmann A, Chiang CT, Petek H, Kirschner J. Band structure effects in above threshold photoemission. J Phys Condens Matter 2011; 23:485002. [PMID: 22034439 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/48/485002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have performed an angle-resolved two-photon and three-photon photoemission study of the Ag(111) surface employing ultrashort laser pulses as the excitation source. We show the presence of multi-photon resonances between electronic states at selected points of the Brillouin zone which appear in the high-order photoemission spectral region. We observe clear signatures of electronic band structure effects of the Ag crystal in above-threshold photoemission (ATP) processes, identifying two types of transitions, which either proceed via non-resonant multi-photon excitation from an occupied initial state, or involve a real intermediate state located above the vacuum level of the solid directly influencing the ATP process. For this latter class of phenomena, we suggest that electron populations created by incoherent processes give a contribution to the multi-photon transition, possibly allowing us to trace the transmission of photoexcited electrons through the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bisio
- CNR-SPIN, Corso Perrone 24, 16152 Genova, Italy.
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27
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Winkelmann A, Löbermann M, Reisinger E, Zettl U. Multiple Sklerose und Infektionskrankheiten. Akt Neurol 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Löbermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Abteillung für Tropenmedizin, Infektionskrankheiten und Nephrologie
| | - E. Reisinger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Abteillung für Tropenmedizin, Infektionskrankheiten und Nephrologie
| | - U. Zettl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie
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Winkelmann A. Should we teach Abernethy and Zuckerkandl? Clin Anat 2011; 25:241-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.21228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Schopper M, Langer T, Wiedemann J, Irnich C, Gaida K, Karoll A, Wallach G, Simang M, Bäumler P, Weber E, Harreus G, Kunze-Kronawitter H, Häring M, Jopen-Wolf B, Fischer M, Winkelmann A, Irnich D. Munich outpatient program in complementary and alternative medicine for chronic back pain (MOCAM-back pain)—10 years experience from MOCAM has now led to a new project (Integrierte Versorgung) for lower back pain patients supported by a major health insurer (Siemens Betriebskrankenkasse). Eur J Integr Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2010.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have comprehensively assessed the burden associated with fibromyalgia (FM). This cross-sectional, observational study evaluates the impact of FM on patients in France and Germany. METHODS A total of 299 FM patients were recruited from 33 physician offices in France and Germany during routine visits. Patients completed a survey that included the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-sf), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to describe their pain, FM and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). FM severity was defined using patients' FIQ total scores with 0 to < 39, 39 to < 59 and 59-100, representing mild, moderate and severe FM, respectively. Site staff completed case report forms using patients' medical records. RESULTS Mean (standard deviation, SD) age was 54.2 (12.6); 81% of patients were women. The mean (SD) FIQ total score was 53.3 (19.6); 33% and 44% of patients reported moderate and severe FM, respectively. Most patients (91%) were receiving prescription medications for FM during the study. Patients reported a mean (SD) EQ-5D health state valuation of 0.44 (0.33) and a mean (SD) BPI-sf Pain Severity Index score of 4.9 (1.8). Forty-one percent of patients reported some level of disruption in their employment because of FM; employed patients missed a mean (SD) of 2.2 (4.6) workdays during the past 4 weeks. An increase in FM severity was significantly associated with increased pain severity, productivity loss, sleep disturbance and higher anxiety and depression (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS There is a substantial burden of illness including treatment limitations for FM patients in France and Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Perrot
- Service de Médecine Interne et Thérapeutique, Consultation de la Douleur, Hôtel Dieu Hôpital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Abstract
Vaccinations to prevent communicable diseases are, like in other chronic diseases, of special importance in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Various bacterial and viral infections have been shown to induce relapses of MS. Reports of possible adverse effects of vaccinations on the course of multiple sclerosis have led patients and treating physicians to exercise caution in the use of vaccines. A number of vaccines have been studied with respect to the risk in MS patients. Some vaccines, for example against yellow fever, are not indicated in MS due to the risk of MS exacerbation. In contrast, tetanus or hepatitis B vaccines do not represent a risk for manifestation or disease progression of MS. Before and during immunomodulatory therapy of MS special attention should be given to adequate protection against vaccine preventable diseases.This paper reviews the indications and specific side effects of vaccinations in MS patients. Additionally, issues of vaccination under immunomodulatory therapy of MS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Löbermann
- Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Abteilung für Tropenmedizin, Infektionskrankheiten und Nephrologie, Universität Rostock, Ernst-Heydemann-Strasse 6, Rostock,Germany.
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Abstract
German anatomist Max Clara (1899-1966) described the "Clara cell" of the bronchiolar epithelium in 1937. The present article investigates Clara's relationship with National Socialism, as well as his use of tissue from executed prisoners for research purposes, details about both of which are largely unknown to date. Our methodology for the present study focussed on analysis of material from historical archives and the publications of Clara and his co-workers. Clara was appointed as Chair of Anatomy at Leipzig University (Leipzig, Germany) in 1935. He owed his career, at least in part, to Nazi support. He was an active member of the Nazi party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP)) and engaged in university politics; this included making anti-Semitic statements about other academics in appointment procedures. Nevertheless, he also supported prosecuted colleagues. Much of Clara's histological research in Leipzig, including his original description of the bronchial epithelium, was based on tissue taken from prisoners executed in nearby Dresden (Germany). Max Clara was an active and outspoken Nazi and his histological research exploited the rising number of executions during the Nazi period. Clara's discovery is thus linked to the Nazi system. The facts given in the present paper invite discussion about the eponym's neglected history and its continued and problematic use in medical terminology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Winkelmann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Schumannstr. 20/21, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Fernandez-Cruz E, Kaveri SV, Peter HH, Durandy A, Cantoni N, Quinti I, Sorensen R, Bussel JB, Danieli MG, Winkelmann A, Bayry J, Käsermann F, Späth P, Helbert M, Salama A, van Schaik IN, Yuki N. 6th International Immunoglobulin Symposium: poster presentations. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 158 Suppl 1:60-7. [PMID: 19883425 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.04028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The posters presented at the 6th International Immunoglobulin Symposium covered a wide range of fields and included both basic science and clinical research. From the abstracts accepted for poster presentation, 12 abstracts were selected for oral presentations in three parallel sessions on immunodeficiencies, autoimmunity and basic research. The immunodeficiency presentations dealt with novel, rare class-switch recombination (CSR) deficiencies, attenuation of adverse events following IVIg treatment, association of immunoglobulin (Ig)G trough levels and protection against acute infection in patients with X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), and the reduction of class-switched memory B cells in patients with specific antibody deficiency (SAD). The impact of intravenous immunoglobulin on fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, pregnancy and postpartum-related relapses in multiple sclerosis and refractory myositis, as well as experiences with subcutaneous immunoglobulin in patients with multi-focal motor neuropathy, were the topics presented in the autoimmunity session. The interaction of dendritic cell (DC)-SIGN and alpha2,6-sialylated IgG Fc and its impact on human DCs, the enrichment of sialylated IgG in plasma-derived IgG, as wells as prion surveillance and monitoring of anti-measles titres in immunoglobulin products, were covered in the basic science session. In summary, the presentations illustrated the breadth of immunoglobulin therapy usage and highlighted the progress that is being made in diverse areas of basic and clinical research, extending our understanding of the mechanisms of immunoglobulin action and contributing to improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fernandez-Cruz
- Complutense University and University Hospital, Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
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Winkelmann A, Schagen U. Response to the letter to the editor by Joel Levi: Hermann Stieve's clinical-anatomical research on executed women during the “Third Reich”. Clin Anat 2009; 23:122-3. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.20881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Winkelmann A, Schagen U. Response to the letter to the editor by William E. Seidelman: Hermann Stieve's clinical-anatomical research on executed women during the "Third Reich". Clin Anat 2009; 22:945-8. [PMID: 19852052 DOI: 10.1002/ca.20871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Winkelmann A, Benecke R, Zettl UK. Klinische Erfahrungen in der Eskalationstherapie der Multiplen Sklerose: Vor, während und nach der Therapie mit Natalizumab. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Went M, Winkelmann A, Vos M. Quantitative measurements of Kikuchi bands in diffraction patterns of backscattered electrons using an electrostatic analyzer. Ultramicroscopy 2009; 109:1211-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Winkelmann A, Benecke R, Zettl U. Basistherapie der Multiplen Sklerose unter „anderen Umständen”: Sicherheit für Patientinnen und ihren Nachwuchs vor, während und nach der Schwangerschaft. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cotte S, von Ahsen N, Kruse N, Huber B, Winkelmann A, Zettl UK, Starck M, König N, Tellez N, Dörr J, Paul F, Zipp F, Lühder F, Koepsell H, Pannek H, Montalban X, Gold R, Chan A. ABC-transporter gene-polymorphisms are potential pharmacogenetic markers for mitoxantrone response in multiple sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 132:2517-30. [PMID: 19605531 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awp164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Escalation therapy with mitoxantrone (MX) in highly active multiple sclerosis is limited by partially dose-dependent side-effects. Predictors of therapeutic response may result in individualized risk stratification and MX dosing. ATP-binding cassette-transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 represent multi-drug resistance mechanisms involved in active cellular MX efflux. Here, we investigated the role of ABC-gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for clinical MX response, corroborated by experimental in vitro and in vivo data. Frequencies of ABCB1 2677G>T, 3435C>T and five ABCG2-SNPs were analysed in 832 multiple sclerosis patients (Germany, Spain) and 264 healthy donors. Using a flow-cytometry-based in vitro assay, MX efflux in leukocytes from individuals with variant alleles in both ABC-genes (designated genotype ABCB1/ABCG2-L(ow), 22.2% of patients) was 37.7% lower than from individuals homozygous for common alleles (ABCB1/ABCG2-H(igh), P < 0.05, 14.8% of patients), resulting in genotype-dependent MX accumulation and cell death. Addition of glucocorticosteroids (GCs) inhibited MX efflux in vitro. ABC-transporters were highly expressed in leukocyte subsets, glial and neuronal cells as well as myocardium, i.e. cells/tissues potentially affected by MX therapy. In vivo significance was further corroborated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Abcg2(-/-) animals. Using a MX dose titrated to be ineffective in wild-type animals, disease course and histopathology in Abcg2(-/-) mice were strongly ameliorated. Retrospective clinical analysis in MX monotherapy patients (n = 155) used expanded disability status scale, relapse rate and multiple sclerosis functional composite as major outcome parameters. The clinical response rate [overall 121 of 155 patients (78.1%)] increased significantly with genotypes associated with decreasing ABCB1/ABCG2-function [ABCB1/ABCG2-H 15/24 (62.5%) responders, ABCB1/ABCG2-I(ntermediate) 78/98 (79.6%), ABCB1/ABCG2-L 28/33 (84.8%), exact Cochran-Armitage test P = 0.039]. The odds ratio for response was 1.9 (95% CI 1.0-3.5) with each increase in ABCB1/ABCG2 score (from ABCB1/ABCG2-H to -I-, and -I to -L). In 36 patients with severe cardiac or haematological side effects no statistically relevant difference in genotype frequency was observed. However, one patient with biopsy proven cardiomyopathy only after 24 mg/m2 MX exhibited a rare genotype with variant, partly homozygous alleles in 3 ABC-transporter genes. In conclusion, SNPs in ABC-transporter genes may serve as pharmacogenetic markers associated with clinical response to MX therapy in multiple sclerosis. Combined MX/GC-treatment warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cotte
- Institute for MS-Research, Medical Faculty, University of Göttingen and Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung, Göttingen, Germany
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40
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Borisov AG, Sametoglu V, Winkelmann A, Kubo A, Pontius N, Zhao J, Silkin VM, Gauyacq JP, Chulkov EV, Echenique PM, Petek H. Pi resonance of chemisorbed alkali atoms on noble metals. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:266801. [PMID: 19113781 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.266801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have performed a joint experimental and theoretical study of the unoccupied electronic structure of alkali adsorbates on the (111) surfaces of Cu and Ag. Combining angle- and time-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy with wave packet propagation calculations we show that, along with the well known sigma resonance oriented along the surface normal, there exist long-lived alkali-localized resonances oriented parallel to the surface (pi symmetry). These new resonances are stabilized by the projected band gap of the substrate and emerge primarily from the mixing of the p and d Rydberg orbitals of the free alkali atom modified by the interaction with the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Borisov
- Laboratoire des Collisions Atomiques et Moléculaires, UMR CNRS-Universite Paris-Sud 8625, Bâtiment 351, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
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41
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Kirschneck M, Winkelmann A, Kirchberger I, Glässel A, Ewert T, Stucki G, Cieza A. [Use of ICF Core Sets for medical reports concerning patients with low back pain and chronic widespread pain syndrome]. Gesundheitswesen 2008; 70:674-8. [PMID: 19039727 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical reports of the national pension insurance are essential for the national pension regulatory authority to decide on granting services regarding participation as well as retirement pensions due to inability to work. There are guidelines regarding the content of medical reports. It is also generally accepted that the evaluation of functioning is an essential component of them. However, it is still an open question to what extent the standardisation and the objectiveness of medical reports can be improved. The ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) is a framework as well as a common language for describing functioning and disability. ICF Core Sets are lists of disease-specific relevant ICF categories and can be a useful practicable tool for medical reports for national pension insurance. They could support the standardization of the medical reports. The aim of this planned project is to examine whether the ICF Core Sets for low back pain and chronic widespread pain could serve as a useful basis for medical reports for national pension insurance regarding the patients suffering low back pain or chronic widespread pain. METHOD Six hundred medical reports from patients with low back pain or chronic widespread pain, respectively, will be translated into the language of the ICF using a retrospective qualitative study design. For this translation ('linking') process specialised physicians from the national pension insurance and members of the Institute for Health and Rehabilitations Science will be trained to use established linking rules. STATE OF THE PROJECT: Currently, a total of 244 medical reports from the national pension insurance with the health conditions low back pain or chronic widespread pain were selected by members of the national pension insurance. The medical reports are anonymised in different federal states according to the appropriate requirements. The first 10 medical reports have already being analysed. OUTLOOK First analyses show that the structure of medical reports varies enormously. Therefore a comparison of the content without having a common basis is hardly possible. This demonstrates the importance of the project and the possible usefulness of the ICF and the ICF Core Sets for structuring the content of medical reports for the national pension insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kirschneck
- Institut für Gesundheits- und Rehabilitationswissenschaften, ICF Research Branch of WHO CC FIC (DIMDI), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München
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42
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Langhorst J, Häuser W, Irnich D, Speeck N, Felde E, Winkelmann A, Lucius H, Michalsen A, Musial F. [Alternative and complementary therapies in fibromyalgia syndrome]. Schmerz 2008; 22:324-33. [PMID: 18463899 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-008-0677-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interdisciplinary S3 level guidelines were devised in cooperation with 8 medical, 2 psychological and 2 patient support groups. Results were elaborated in a multilevel group process. METHODS On the bases of the "Cochrane Library" (1993-2006), "Medline" (1980-2006), "PsychInfo" (2006) and "Scopus" (2006) controlled studies and meta-analyses of controlled studies were analyzed. RESULTS Only few controlled studies were found supporting in part the effectiveness of CAM therapies in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome. Due to the lack of information on long term efficacy and cost-effectiveness, only limited recommendations for CAM therapies can be given. CONCLUSION Within a multicomponent therapy setting, selective CAM therapies (acupuncture, vegetarian diet, homeopathy, Tai Chi, Qi Gong, music-oriented and body-oriented therapies) can be recommended for a limited period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Langhorst
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Am Deimelsberg 34a, 45276 Essen.
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43
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Reuß R, Rommer P, Winkelmann A, Jarius S, Paul F, Böttcher T, Großmann A, Wolters A, Rimmele F, Wittstock M, Dudesek A, Hauenstein K, Benecke R, Zettl U. Schwangerschaftsassoziierte Schübe einer Aqp-4-Ak-positiven longitudinalen extensiven transversen Myelitis. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Patejdl R, Rommer P, Winkelmann A, Grossmann A, Greim B, Köhler W, Benecke R, Zettl U. Autosomal dominante Leukodystrophie – dringender Verdacht bei einem 49-jährigen Patienten. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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45
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Winkelmann A, Benecke R, Zettl U. Erste Erfahrungen in der Eskalationstherapie der Multiplen Sklerose mit Natalizumab in der täglichen Praxis. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1087049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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46
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Winkelmann A, Hartung D, Engelhard H, Chiang CT, Kirschner J. High efficiency electron spin polarization analyzer based on exchange scattering at FeW(001). Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:083303. [PMID: 19044342 DOI: 10.1063/1.2949877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on a compact electron spin analyzer based on exchange scattering from a magnetic surface. The heart of the detector is an Fe(001) thin film grown on W(001) with chemisorbed oxygen in the p(1 x 1) structure. The device is mounted at the exit of an energy dispersive analyzer and works at a scattering energy of about 13.5 eV. Its figure of merit is 2 x 10(-3), combined with an excellent stability of more than 2 weeks in UHV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Winkelmann
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle(Saale), Germany
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47
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Gao CL, Ernst A, Winkelmann A, Henk J, Wulfhekel W, Bruno P, Kirschner J. Noncollinear surface spin density by surface reconstruction in the alloy NiMn. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:237203. [PMID: 18643540 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.237203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
At the (001) surface of the alloy Ni(50)Mn(50), a noncollinear spin density is observed in real space by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. The spin density of individual atoms also varies in both size and direction as a function of bias voltage, indicating a noncollinearity in the energy domain. The noncollinearity is driven by a surface reconstruction which breaks the otherwise high surface symmetry. First-principles electronic-structure calculations support the experimental observations and evidence the interplay of reconstruction and spin-orbit coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Gao
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Halle, Germany
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48
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Yildiz F, Luo F, Tieg C, Abrudan RM, Fu XL, Winkelmann A, Przybylski M, Kirschner J. Strongly enhanced orbital moment by reduced lattice symmetry and varying composition of Fe1-xCox alloy films. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:037205. [PMID: 18233034 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.037205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We studied tetragonally distorted Fe(1-x)Co(x) alloy films on Rh(001), which show a strong perpendicular anisotropy in a wide thickness and composition range. Analyzing x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra at the L_(3,2) edges we found a dependence of the Co magnetic orbital moment on the chemical composition of the Fe(1-x)Co(x) alloy films, with a maximum at x=0.6. For this composition, we observed an out-of-plane easy axis of magnetization at room temperature for film thickness up to 15 monolayers. Since both the magnetic orbital moment and the anisotropy energy show similar composition dependence, it confirms that both quantities are directly related. Our experiments show that the adjustment of the Fermi level by a proper choice of the alloy composition is decisive for the large magnetic orbital moment and for a large magnetic anisotropy in a tetragonally distorted lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yildiz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, (Saale), Germany
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49
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Winkelmann A, Bisio F, Ocaña R, Lin WC, Nývlt M, Petek H, Kirschner J. Ultrafast optical spin injection into image-potential states of Cu(001). Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:226601. [PMID: 17677868 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.226601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of a net spin polarization in the n=1 image-potential state at the Cu(001) surface. The spin polarization is achieved by spin-selective multiphoton excitation of electrons from the spin-orbit split Cu d bands to the image-potential state using circularly polarized ultrafast light pulses. We show that by tuning the exciting photon energy, we can adjust the resonant coupling of the image-potential state to d bands of different double-group symmetry. This allows us to tune the spin polarization injected into the image-potential state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Winkelmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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50
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