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Anasamy T, Abdul AB, Sukari MA, Abdelwahab SI, Mohan S, Kamalidehghan B, Azid MZ, Muhammad Nadzri N, Andas ARJ, Kuan Beng N, Hadi AHA, Sulaiman Rahman H. A Phenylbutenoid Dimer, cis-3-(3',4'-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3''',4'''-Dimethoxystyryl] Cyclohex-1-ene, Exhibits Apoptogenic Properties in T-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells via Induction of p53-Independent Mitochondrial Signalling Pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013:939810. [PMID: 23710242 PMCID: PMC3603377 DOI: 10.1155/2013/939810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity effect of a phenylbutenoid dimer, cis-3-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3 (‴) ,4 (‴) -dimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene (ZC-B11) isolated from the rhizome of Zingiber cassumunar on various cancer cell line, and normal human blood mononuclear cells, and to further investigate the involvement of apoptosis-related proteins that leads, to the probable pathway in which apoptosis is triggered. Cytotoxicity test using MTT assay showed selective inhibition of ZC-B11 towards T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, CEMss, with an IC50 value of 7.11 ± 0.240 μ g/mL, which did not reveal cytotoxic effects towards normal human blood mononuclear cells (IC50 > 50 μ g/mL). Morphology assessments demonstrated distinctive morphological changes corresponding to a typical apoptosis. ZC-B11 also arrested cell cycle progression at S phase and causes DNA fragmentation in CEMss cells. Decline of mitochondrial membrane potential was also determined qualitatively. In the apoptosis-related protein determination, ZC-B11 was found to significantly upregulate Bax, caspase 3/7, caspase 9, cytochrome c, and SMAC and downregulate Bcl-2, HSP70, and XIAP, but did not affect caspase 8, p53, and BID. These results demonstrated for the first time the apoptogenic property of ZC-B11 on CEMss cell line, leading to the programmed cell death via intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theebaa Anasamy
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Bustamam Abdul
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Aspollah Sukari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, P.O. Box 114, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Behnam Kamalidehghan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zulkhairi Azid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nabilah Muhammad Nadzri
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A. Reenaa Joys Andas
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ng Kuan Beng
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A. Hamid A. Hadi
- Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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