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Ishwarya R, Vaseeharan B, Subbaiah S, Nazar AK, Govindarajan M, Alharbi NS, Kadaikunnan S, Khaled JM, Al-Anbr MN. Sargassum wightii-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles - from antibacterial and insecticidal activity to immunostimulatory effects on the green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018; 183:318-330. [PMID: 29754050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using phytochemical from marine seaweeds is a fast-growing research field in nanotechnology. Here, the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles was achieved using the hot water extract of Sargassum wightii. The hot water extract prepared from S. wightii (H Sw) and ZnO NPs were studied by UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy, SEM and XRD. Then, both products were evaluated for antibiofilm activity towards aquatic pathogens. The nanoparticles' immunostimulating potential on green tiger prawns, Penaeus semisulcatus was studied through immersion and dietary administration. Shrimp immune parameters (i.e., total hemocytes count (THC), respiratory bursts (RBs), phenoloxidase (PO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity) were significantly affected by exposure or ingestion of ZnO nanoparticles. In addition, the hot water extract and ZnO nanoparticles had high antibiofilm activity against Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) and Gram-negative (S. sonnei, P. aeruginosa) microbial pathogens. It was accomplished that the ZnO nanoparticles can be used as the bacteriostatic and immunostimulant agents through immersion and dietary administration enhancing immunity of green tiger shrimp. Furthermore, the toxicity effects of ZnO nanoparticles were 100% at 24 h on Aedes aegypti 3 rd instar larvae at the concentration of 100 μg/mL and the greatest efficacy was accomplished by H Sw ZnO NPs against the Ae. aegypti after 24 h (LC50 49.22; LC90 86.96 mg/mL), if compared to the seaweed extract alone. Morphological and histological damages triggered by nanoexposure were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Ishwarya
- Nanobiosciences and Nanopharmacology Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block, 6th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Nanobiosciences and Nanopharmacology Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block, 6th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Suganya Subbaiah
- Nanobiosciences and Nanopharmacology Division, Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block, 6th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul Khudus Nazar
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Kumbakonam 612 001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shine Kadaikunnan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal M Khaled
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N Al-Anbr
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Gobi N, Malaikozhundan B, Sekar V, Shanthi S, Vaseeharan B, Jayakumar R, Khudus Nazar A. GFP tagged Vibrio parahaemolyticus Dahv2 infection and the protective effects of the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 on the growth, immune and antioxidant responses in Pangasius hypophthalmus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2016; 52:230-238. [PMID: 26952171 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the pathogenicity of GFP tagged Vibrio parahaemolyticus Dahv2 and the protective effect of the probiotic strain, Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 was studied on the Asian catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus. The experiment was carried out for 24 days with three groups and one group served as the control (without treatment). In the first group, P. hypophthalmus was orally infected with 1 mL of GFP tagged V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 at two different doses (10(5) and 10(7) cfu mL(-1)). In the second group, P. hypophthalmus was orally administrated with 1 ml of the probiotic B. licheniformis Dahb1 at two different doses (10(5) and 10(7) cfu mL(-1)). In the third group, P. hypophthalmus was orally infected first with 1 mL of GFP tagged V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 followed by the administration of 1 mL of B. licheniformis Dahb1 (combined treatment) at two different doses (10(5) and 10(7) cfu mL(-1)). The growth, immune (myeloperoxidase, respiratory burst, natural complement haemolytic and lysozyme activity) and antioxidant (glutathione-S-transferase, reduced glutathione and total glutathione) responses of P. hypophthalmus were reduced after post infection of GFP tagged V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 compared to control. However, after administration with the probiotic B. licheniformis Dahb1 at 10(5) cfu mL(-1), P. hypophthalmus showed significant increase in the growth, immune and antioxidant responses compared to 10(7) cfu mL(-1). On the otherhand, the growth, immune and antioxidant responses of P. hypophthalmus infected and administrated with combined GFP tagged Vibrio + Bacillus at 10(5) cfu mL(-1) were relatively higher than that of GFP tagged V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 and control groups but lower than that of probiotic B. licheniformis Dahb1 groups. The results of the present study conclude that the probiotic B. licheniformis Dahb1 at 10(5) cfu mL(-1) has the potential to protect the P. hypophthalmus against V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 infection by enhancing the growth, immune and antioxidant responses. The probiotic B. licheniformis Dahb1 would be effectively used in the treatment of aquatic diseases for improvement of aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Gobi
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Malaikozhundan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijayakumar Sekar
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathappan Shanthi
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Rengarajan Jayakumar
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandappam Regional Centre, Mandappam, TamilNadu, India
| | - Abdul Khudus Nazar
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandappam Regional Centre, Mandappam, TamilNadu, India
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Ishwarya R, Jayanthi S, Muthulakshmi P, Anjugam M, Jayakumar R, Khudus Nazar A, Vaseeharan B. Immune indices and identical functions of two prophenoloxidases from the haemolymph of green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus and its antibiofilm activity. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2016; 51:220-228. [PMID: 26899630 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we purified two prophenoloxidases (proPO) from haemolymph of green tiger shrimp, Penaeus semisulcatus by gel fermentation chromatography using blue Sepharose matrix. The two purified prophenoloxidase macromolecules are of about 76 and 75 kDa determined through SDS-PAGE and named as Penaeus semisulcatus prophenoloxidase I (PSproPO I) and Penaeus semisulcatus prophenoloxidase II (PSproPO II). It was further characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Circular Dichroism (CD) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The purified PSproPO I and PSproPO II showed the strongest agglutination titre against human erythrocytes compared to goat RBC. The PSproPO I and PSproPO II showed phagocytic activity against yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and encapsulation activity against Sepharose CL 6B beads compared to CM Sepharose and Sodium alginate beads. The functional analysis of purified PSproPO I and PSproPO II showed enhanced PO activity when added with the triggering molecules such as pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), metals and chemicals. In addition, eluted fraction containing PSproPO I and PSproPO II showed antibiofilm activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The above results concluded that no significant differences were found between the purified PSproPO I and PSproPO II immune indices and functions. This study might provide a sensitive platform to understand more about the critical roles of PSproPO I and PSproPO II in crustacean immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Ishwarya
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block 4th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangily Jayanthi
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block 4th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Perumal Muthulakshmi
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block 4th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahalingam Anjugam
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block 4th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rengarajan Jayakumar
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul Khudus Nazar
- Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block 4th Floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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