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Cattaneo A, Guandalini A, Peruccio C. Preliminary observations on tear film interferometry performed in horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 133:105002. [PMID: 38218326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
This retrospective study evaluated tear film (TF) interferometry on horses examined in Northern Italy in 2019-2021. The objectives were to evaluate horses affected by keratitis, and to describe TF values in horses with no evidence of ocular disease. All horses received a complete ophthalmic examination and were examined with the Ocular Surface Analyser, Veterinary-setting, prior to eye manipulation, staining and sample collection. Eighteen horses with no evidence of ocular disease were included in the comparison group. Additionally, 46 horses displaying signs of keratitis (neovascularization, corneal opacities, ulceration, epithelial and subepithelial infiltrates) were evaluated. These horses were divided into presumed non-infectious and infectious or presumed infectious keratitis groups (one with proven bacterial origin, and the others with diagnosed or presumptive keratomycosis) with the former including immune-mediated keratitis. From the observations of TF interferometry in the comparison population the authors concluded that for non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), the estimated preliminary reference interval was 10.4-31.2s, and for tear meniscus height (TMH), it was 0.215-0.457mm. Moreover, within the keratitis population, from an interferometric point of view punctate lesions of the ocular surface were present in all cases of active diagnosed or presumptive subepithelial keratomycosis but not in any of the non-infectious cases, either non-ulcerative or ulcerative. Limitations of the study include a relatively low number of horses examined and the fact that the diagnosis of infectious keratitis was presumptive and based on clinical improvement after treatment in some cases. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of TF interferometry performed in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cattaneo
- Equine Ophthalmic Referrals, Via Endine 29, Albino (Bg) 24021, Italy; Ophthalmology Referrals, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, Roma (Rm) 00137, Italy.
| | - A Guandalini
- Ophthalmology Referrals, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, Roma (Rm) 00137, Italy
| | - C Peruccio
- Ophthalmology Referrals, Centro Veterinario Torinese (CVT), Lungo Dora Pietro Colletta 147, Torino (To) 10153, Italy
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Corsi F, Arteaga K, Corsi F, Masi M, Cattaneo A, Selleri P, Crasta M, Peruccio C, Guandalini A. Clinical parameters obtained during tear film examination in domestic rabbits. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:398. [DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
One of the contributing factors to ocular surface health is a stable precorneal tear film. Considering the increasing interest in rabbits as pets and the limited literature available on domestic rabbit tearing, the aim of this study was to establish normative data for examination of the tear film in domestic rabbits.
Results
The study included 75 client-owned domestic Holland Lop rabbits (150 eyes). The following examinations were performed in each eye: Schirmer tear test-1, tear osmometry, interferometry, tear meniscus height measurement and meibography (quantifying meibomian gland loss as a percentage). The resulting median (95% central range) values were 10.0 (5.0–17.3) mm/min for the Schirmer tear test-1, 345.0 (280.5–376.1) mOsm/L for tear osmolarity, grade 2 (1–4) of interferometry, 0.28 (0.20–0.47) mm for tear meniscus height and 0.0 (0.0–67.6) % meibomian gland loss. A significant association was found between tear osmolarity and age, with an estimated decrease of − 4.0 mOsm/L with each additional year of age (p < 0.001). The distributions of interferometry grades were significantly different between males and females (p < 0.001), with grade 1 and grade 2 being the most frequent in females and males, respectively. A weak negative correlation was also observed between interferometry grade and the percentage of meibomian gland loss (r = − 0.22, p = 0.006).
Conclusions
This is an original study that documents extensive tear film parameters in healthy Holland Lop rabbits. The results can be used as normative data for the examination of the tear film in this lagomorph breed.
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Rawicka A, Crasta M, Guandalini A, Peruccio C, Multari D, Rondena M, D’Anna N, Giudice C. Conjunctival Extramedullary Plasmacytoma in Dogs and a Cat: Clinical Characteristics and Histopathological Findings. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12213015. [PMID: 36359139 PMCID: PMC9653729 DOI: 10.3390/ani12213015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Extramedullary plasmacytoma has been occasionally reported to affect the ocular and periocular (orbit, conjunctiva) region. To better describe the clinical and histopathological features of extramedullary plasmacytoma, we reviewed the records of seven cases (six dogs, one cat). In these cases, extramedullary plasmacytoma was found mostly in the conjunctiva of the third eyelid in the form of salmon-colored nodules with clear borders. All tumors were surgically removed with no additional therapy. No signs of recurrence or systemic involvement (multiple myeloma) were observed in the follow up period. We recommend that extramedullary plasmacytoma should be considered in cases of canine and feline conjunctival masses, followed by investigations to rule out multiple myeloma. Our results suggest that conjunctival extramedullary plasmacytoma is unlikely to recur or spread, and that local surgical excision alone or combined with cryotherapy should be curative. Abstract Background: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a plasma cell tumor that is very rarely reported in ocular and adnexal tissue and is usually solitary and benign. Methods: This study evaluated seven cases from different ophthalmology referrals submitted for histopathological analysis between 2013 and 2022. Results: EMPs were diagnosed in a 9-year-old domestic short-haired cat and in six dogs (median age, 10 years): three English Cocker Spaniels, a Golden Retriever, a Maltese, and a Pinscher. EMPs affected the third eyelid conjunctiva in five cases (5/7), followed by the superior bulbar (1/7) and palpebral conjunctivae (1/7), respectively, and were presented mostly as well-defined, salmon-colored nodules. Histopathologically, the masses were composed of sheets and packets of round cells morphologically consistent with mature plasma cells with mild anisocytosis and anisokaryosis; mitosis and binucleated giant cells were rarely observed. Follow up for 6/7 cases ranged from 6 months to 2 years. No signs of recurrence or systemic involvement (multiple myeloma) were observed. Conclusions: EMP should be included in the differential diagnoses of canine and feline conjunctival masses. Staging recommendations should include multiple myeloma diagnostic evaluation. Our results suggest that primary conjunctival EMP does not appear to be locally aggressive and has low systemic involvement behavior. The local surgical excision alone or combined with cryotherapy should be curative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rawicka
- Clinica Veterinaria Roma Sud, Via Pilade Mazza 24, 00173 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-347-454-15-04
| | - Manuela Crasta
- Anicura VisionVet Eye Clinic, Via Antonio Marzocchi 6, San Giovanni in Persiceto, 40017 Bologna, Italy
| | - Adolfo Guandalini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Via Sandro Giovannini 53, 00137 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Peruccio
- Veterinary Ophthalmology Referrals Centro Veterinario Torinese, Lungo Dora Colletta 147, 10153 Torino, Italy
| | - Domenico Multari
- Centro Veterinario Oculistico Fontane, Via Donatori del Sangue 1, 31020 Villorba, Italy
| | - Marco Rondena
- Clinica Veterinaria Privata San Marco Srl, Via dell’Industria, 3, 35030 Veggiano, Italy
| | - Nunzio D’Anna
- Clinica Veterinaria Roma Sud, Via Pilade Mazza 24, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Giudice
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26009 Lodi, Italy
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Crasta M, Arteaga K, Barachetti L, Guandalini A. A multicenter retrospective evaluation of the prevalence of known and presumed hereditary eye diseases in Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed within a referral population in Italy (2012-2020). Vet Ophthalmol 2022; 25:426-433. [PMID: 35976615 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the ophthalmological findings of Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed and to report the prevalence of Known and Presumed Hereditary Eye Diseases (KP-HED). ANIMALS STUDIED Two hundred sixteen dogs were examined and included in this retrospective study. PROCEDURES Medical records of Lagotto Romagnolo dogs between 2012 and 2020 were included. Data about the ocular status were collected through ocular screening examinations (OSE) or clinical ophthalmic examinations (COE). The prevalence of each KP-HED was expressed as a function of the total number of the KP-HED in this referral population. RESULTS A total of 85 dogs (39.35%) were ophthalmologically healthy, ocular diseases presumably not hereditary were found in 43 dogs (19.91%), and 88 dogs (40.74%) were affected by one KP-HED. The most common KP-HEDs diagnosed were cataract (28/88; 31.82%), corneal endothelial dystrophy (17/88; 19.32%), retinal dysplasia (9/88; 10.23%), lens instability (7/88; 7.95%), progressive retinal atrophy (6/88, 6.82%), and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (6/88, 6.82%). Most of dogs with a KP-HED (77.27%, 68/88) were identified within COE group. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the prevalence of ocular disease in the Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed within a referral population in Italy. This study suggests a relatively high prevalence of KP-HED, with a characteristic late-onset presentation in some diseases. Many of these KP-HED's, lead to ocular pain and irreversible blindness, for this reason, the authors highlight the importance of aiming for an early diagnosis. Breeder's efforts and breeding programs should be directed at limiting such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Barachetti
- Scienze Cliniche Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Adolfo Guandalini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Rome, Italy
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Santillo D, Mathieson I, Corsi F, Göllner R, Guandalini A. The use of acellular porcine corneal stroma xenograft (BioCorneaVet ™ ) for the treatment of deep stromal and full thickness corneal defects: A retrospective study of 40 cases (2019-2021). Vet Ophthalmol 2021; 24:469-483. [PMID: 34480395 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document the effectiveness and outcome of corneal grafting using acellular porcine corneal stroma (APCS) for veterinary use (BioCorneaVet™ ) to restore corneal integrity in dogs. METHODS A review of medical records of patients that underwent keratoplasty with APCS graft to repair deep corneal defects, descemetoceles, and perforations between 2019 and 2021 was carried out. Only animals with intact dazzle reflex, consensual PLR before the surgery and a minimum follow-up of four weeks were considered for the study, with forty dogs (1 eye each) meeting the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Brachycephalic breeds were the most frequently represented, and 20 right eyes and 20 left eyes were affected with 25 perforations, 8 descemetoceles, and 9 deep stromal defects (1 eye had both perforation and descemetocele). Most of the patients had concurrent ocular diseases or had undergone previous surgery on the other eye. Two different thickness of xenograft was used (300 or 450 µm), and the diameter ranged from 3 to 10 mm. Postoperative complications included mild to severe corneal vascularization, partial dehiscence, melting, and glaucoma. Follow-up time ranged from 28 to 797 days (mean: 233 days). Ocular integrity was maintained in 37/40 cases (92.5%), and vision was preserved in 36 cases (90%). CONCLUSION The use of APCS (BioCorneaVet™ ) is an effective surgical treatment for deep stromal defects, descemetocele, and perforations in dogs, providing a good tectonic support and preserving anatomical integrity and vision. The cosmetic appearance was considered good in all the cases and continued to improve with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Santillo
- Eye Vet Referral, Sutton Weaver, Cheshire, UK.,Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Roma, Italy
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Viñas M, D'Anna N, Guandalini A, Capasso M, Nocerino M, Guerriero A, Sapienza J. Bilateral phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a young African lion (Panthera leo). Can Vet J 2019; 60:186-192. [PMID: 30705456 PMCID: PMC6340255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An 18-month-old intact female lioness (Panthera leo) was referred to the Clinica Veterinaria Roma Sud for evaluation of bilateral cataracts. Phacoemulsification and implantation of +30 diopter intraocular lens (IOL) were performed bilaterally. Seven years after surgery, the IOL remained centrally positioned and the patient had normal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Viñas
- Policlinico Veterinario Roma sud, Ophthalmology, Via Pilade Mazza 24, Rome, Lazio 00173 Italy (Viñas, D'Anna); CVS-Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Ophthalmology, Rome, Lazio Italy (Guandalini); Naples, Italy (Capasso, Guerriero); Clinica Veterinaria Villa Felice, Anesthesiology, Naples, Italy (Nocerino); Long Island Veterinary Specialist, Ophthalmology, Plainview, New York, USA (Sapienza)
| | - Nunzio D'Anna
- Policlinico Veterinario Roma sud, Ophthalmology, Via Pilade Mazza 24, Rome, Lazio 00173 Italy (Viñas, D'Anna); CVS-Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Ophthalmology, Rome, Lazio Italy (Guandalini); Naples, Italy (Capasso, Guerriero); Clinica Veterinaria Villa Felice, Anesthesiology, Naples, Italy (Nocerino); Long Island Veterinary Specialist, Ophthalmology, Plainview, New York, USA (Sapienza)
| | - Adolfo Guandalini
- Policlinico Veterinario Roma sud, Ophthalmology, Via Pilade Mazza 24, Rome, Lazio 00173 Italy (Viñas, D'Anna); CVS-Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Ophthalmology, Rome, Lazio Italy (Guandalini); Naples, Italy (Capasso, Guerriero); Clinica Veterinaria Villa Felice, Anesthesiology, Naples, Italy (Nocerino); Long Island Veterinary Specialist, Ophthalmology, Plainview, New York, USA (Sapienza)
| | - Michele Capasso
- Policlinico Veterinario Roma sud, Ophthalmology, Via Pilade Mazza 24, Rome, Lazio 00173 Italy (Viñas, D'Anna); CVS-Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Ophthalmology, Rome, Lazio Italy (Guandalini); Naples, Italy (Capasso, Guerriero); Clinica Veterinaria Villa Felice, Anesthesiology, Naples, Italy (Nocerino); Long Island Veterinary Specialist, Ophthalmology, Plainview, New York, USA (Sapienza)
| | - Maurizio Nocerino
- Policlinico Veterinario Roma sud, Ophthalmology, Via Pilade Mazza 24, Rome, Lazio 00173 Italy (Viñas, D'Anna); CVS-Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Ophthalmology, Rome, Lazio Italy (Guandalini); Naples, Italy (Capasso, Guerriero); Clinica Veterinaria Villa Felice, Anesthesiology, Naples, Italy (Nocerino); Long Island Veterinary Specialist, Ophthalmology, Plainview, New York, USA (Sapienza)
| | - Alessandra Guerriero
- Policlinico Veterinario Roma sud, Ophthalmology, Via Pilade Mazza 24, Rome, Lazio 00173 Italy (Viñas, D'Anna); CVS-Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Ophthalmology, Rome, Lazio Italy (Guandalini); Naples, Italy (Capasso, Guerriero); Clinica Veterinaria Villa Felice, Anesthesiology, Naples, Italy (Nocerino); Long Island Veterinary Specialist, Ophthalmology, Plainview, New York, USA (Sapienza)
| | - John Sapienza
- Policlinico Veterinario Roma sud, Ophthalmology, Via Pilade Mazza 24, Rome, Lazio 00173 Italy (Viñas, D'Anna); CVS-Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Ophthalmology, Rome, Lazio Italy (Guandalini); Naples, Italy (Capasso, Guerriero); Clinica Veterinaria Villa Felice, Anesthesiology, Naples, Italy (Nocerino); Long Island Veterinary Specialist, Ophthalmology, Plainview, New York, USA (Sapienza)
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Guandalini A, Di Girolamo N, Corvi R, Santillo D, Andreani V, Pinzo B. Epidemiology of ocular disorders presumed to be inherited in three small Italian dog breeds in Italy. Vet Ophthalmol 2017; 21:524-529. [PMID: 29284193 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and the types of eye disorders that are known or presumed to be inherited (KP-HED) in three small Italian dog breeds. ANIMALS Three small Italian dog breeds: Maltese, Bolognese, and Italian Greyhound. PROCEDURES All dogs of the breeds selected for this prospective observational study that underwent a complete ophthalmic examination between 1994 and 2015 were included. General and proportional KP-HED prevalence with 95% confidence intervals were reported. RESULTS Three hundred and six of 462 dogs were affected by at least one KP-HED (66.2%; 95% CI: 61.8%-70.4%). In the entire population, the five most common KP-HED were cataract (n = 122; rate on the total number of KP-HED: 31.4%), entropion (n = 56; 14.4%), keratoconjunctivitis sicca (n = 33; 8.5%), retinal dysplasia (n = 24; 6.2%), and persistent pupillary membrane (iris to iris) (n = 21; 5.4%). The most common KP-HED in each breed were cataracts in the Maltese (35.1%) and in the Bolognese (24.2%), and presentation of vitreous in the anterior chamber in the Italian Greyhound (46.7%). CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should be aware of KP-HED that commonly affect three small Italian dog breeds. Breed standards should be reconsidered, and breeding programs should be directed at limiting such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Guandalini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, 00137, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Girolamo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, 00137, Rome, Italy.,EBMVet, Via Sigismondo Trecchi 20, Cremona, Italy
| | - Roberta Corvi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, 00137, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Santillo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, 00137, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Andreani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, 00137, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Pinzo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 51/53, 00137, Rome, Italy
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Guandalini A, Di Girolamo N, Santillo D, Andreani V, Corvi R, Bandini M, Peruccio C. Epidemiology of ocular disorders presumed to be inherited in three large Italian dog breeds in Italy. Vet Ophthalmol 2016; 20:420-426. [PMID: 27860098 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiology and the types of eye disorders that are presumed to be inherited (PIED) in three large Italian dog breeds. ANIMALS Three large Italian dog breeds: Neapolitan Mastiff (FCI code: 197), Maremma Sheepdog (FCI code: 201), and Italian Corso dog (FCI code: 343). PROCEDURES All dogs that underwent a complete ophthalmic examination between 1992 and 2012 were included in this prospective observational study. The prevalence of eye disorders with 95% confidence intervals was reported for presumed healthy dogs and for dogs referred to a veterinary center for an ophthalmic consultation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression techniques were used to generate odds ratios. RESULTS Of 605 dogs examined during the study period, 351 dogs were affected by at least one PIED (58%; 95% CI: 54-62%). The prevalence of PIED was significantly lower in dogs presented for ophthalmic examination (53.8%) as compared to presumed healthy dogs (62.2%)(OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.02-1.9; P = 0.037). Also after multivariate adjustment for the period of observation, the odds of Neapolitan Mastiff (92.1%; OR: 21.4; 95% CI: 11.1-41.4) and of Cane Corso (57.7%; OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.7-3.6) suffering a PIED were greater than the Maremma Sheepdog (35.4%). The most common PIED in each breed were entropion (24.3% of all the PIED) in the Neapolitan Mastiff, ectropion (36.6%) in the Corso dog, and cataract (27.9%) in the Maremma Sheepdog. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should be aware that three large Italian dog breeds frequently suffer PIED. Breed standards should be reconsidered, and breeding programs should be directed at limiting such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Guandalini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Girolamo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, 40064, Italy
| | - Daniele Santillo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - Valentina Andreani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - Roberta Corvi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Teramo, Strada Provinciale 18 snc, Piano d'Accio, Teramo, 64100, Italy
| | - Marina Bandini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - Claudio Peruccio
- Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Torinese, Lungo Dora Pietro Colletta 147, Torino, 10153, Italy
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Caracciolo E, Pirzio F, Kemnitzer M, Gorjan M, Guandalini A, Kienle F, Agnesi A, Aus Der Au J. 42 W femtosecond Yb:Lu 2O 3 regenerative amplifier. Opt Lett 2016; 41:3395-3398. [PMID: 27472577 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.003395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on a femtosecond high-power regenerative amplifier based on Yb:Lu2O3. Exploiting the excellent thermo-mechanical properties of this material, we were able to achieve up to 64.5 W in continuous-wave regime, limited only by the available pump power. In pulsed operation, 42 W of average output power at a repetition rate of 500 kHz with 780 fs long pulses could be demonstrated, resulting in a pulse peak power of ∼100 MW. The spectrum was centered at 1034 nm with an FWHM of 2.4 nm, potentially allowing for even shorter pulses. At the maximum output power the beam was nearly TEM00, with an M2 value of 1.2 in both axes.
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Andreani V, Guandalini A, D'Anna N, Giudice C, Corvi R, Di Girolamo N, Sapienza JS. The combined use of surgical debulking and diode laser photocoagulation for limbal melanoma treatment: a retrospective study of 21 dogs. Vet Ophthalmol 2016; 20:147-154. [PMID: 27167349 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effectiveness and safety of debulking and diode laser photocoagulation (DPC) for the treatment of limbal melanoma (LM). PROCEDURE Retrospective multi-institutional case series. Medical records of animals diagnosed with LM at the Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS) and at the Long Island Veterinary Specialists from 1994 to 2014 were retrieved. Signalment, location, extent of tumors, recurrence rate, and early and late complications were reported. Patient follow-up information was obtained from veterinary ophthalmologists, primary care veterinarians, and where appropriate, owners. RESULTS Twenty-one eyes of 21 dogs (13 females and 8 males) were included in this study. The dogs' average age was 6 years (range: 7 months-11 years). The follow-up period ranged from 1-108 months (median 48 months) after the last DPC procedure. Long-term follow-up was obtained by telephone interviews in 6 of 20 cases and by clinical re-evaluations in 14 of 20 cases. The most common early complications were a moderate anterior uveitis and peripheral corneal edema (21/21 eyes). Late complications included corneal fibrosis and/or pigmentation (20/21). In one case, a severe bullous keratopathy associated with extensive corneal fibrosis was observed (1/21). One case was blind due to concurrent Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration (SARD). However, after surgery 2 of 20 eyes lost vision and one of these was enucleated. CONCLUSIONS Debulking, in addition to diode laser photocoagulation, was technically straightforward to perform, minimally invasive, well tolerated, and highly successful in this case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Andreani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - Adolfo Guandalini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - Nunzio D'Anna
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - Chiara Giudice
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health (DiVet), University of Milan, via Celoria 10, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Roberta Corvi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Teramo, Strada Provinciale 18 snc, Piano d'Accio, Teramo, 64100, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Girolamo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS), Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome, 00137, Italy
| | - John S Sapienza
- Long Island Veterinary Specialists, 63 South Service Road, Plainview, 11803, NY, USA
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Caracciolo E, Kemnitzer M, Rumpel M, Guandalini A, Pirzio F, Kienle F, Graf T, Abdou Ahmed M, Aus der Au J, Agnesi A. Single-grating-mirror intracavity stretcher design for chirped pulse regenerative amplification. Opt Lett 2015; 40:1532-1535. [PMID: 25831377 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.001532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, an innovative design concept for intracavity pulse stretching in a regenerative amplifier, employing a single "grating-mirror" based on a leaky-mode grating-waveguide design. The very compact and flexible layout allows for femtosecond pulses to be in principle easily stretched up to nanosecond durations. The design has been tested in a diode-pumped Yb:CALGO regenerative amplifier followed by a standard transmission grating compressor. Sub-200-fs pulses (stretched pulses ≈110 ps) with 205-μJ energy at 20-kHz repetition rate have been demonstrated. In order to prove the robustness and potential for energy scaling of leaky-mode grating-waveguide intracavity stretcher, we generated stretched pulses with energies of up to ≈700 μJ (400-ps long) at a lower repetition rate of 10 kHz. A simple model is proposed for the study of the cavity in presence of induced spatial chirp.
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Caracciolo E, Kemnitzer M, Guandalini A, Pirzio F, Agnesi A, Aus der Au J. High pulse energy multiwatt Yb:CaAlGdO4 and Yb:CaF2 regenerative amplifiers. Opt Express 2014; 22:19912-19918. [PMID: 25321201 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.019912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated and compared Yb:CaAlGdO4 and Yb:CaF2 regenerative amplifiers at repetition rates 5-10 kHz, a frequency range interesting for industrial applications requiring relatively high pulse energy. Both materials allow for pulse energies close to 1 mJ with sub-400-fs pulses. The two laser materials offer comparable performance in the pump power range investigated. The same regenerative amplifiers can be run up to 500 kHz for much faster material processing, with maximum output power of up to 9.4 W.
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Caracciolo E, Kemnitzer M, Guandalini A, Pirzio F, Aus der Au J, Agnesi A. 28-W, 217 fs solid-state Yb:CAlGdO4 regenerative amplifiers. Opt Lett 2013; 38:4131-4133. [PMID: 24321941 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.004131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new high-performance Yb:CaAlGdO(4) (Yb:CALGO) regenerative amplifier is demonstrated. Pumped by 116 W at ≈980 nm and seeded by means of a 92 fs oscillator, it generates as much as 36 W of average output power with chirped pulses, and 28 W with 217 fs compressed pulses at 500 kHz repetition rate. This corresponds to 56 μJ of pulse energy and 258 MW peak power. The compressed pulses have a time-bandwidth product of 0.69 and could be shortened further with an improved compressor setup.
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Selleri P, Di Girolamo N, Andreani V, Guandalini A, D'Anna N. Evaluation of intraocular pressure in conscious Hermann's tortoises (Testudo hermanni) by means of rebound tonometry. Am J Vet Res 2013; 73:1807-12. [PMID: 23106468 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.11.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy Hermann's tortoises (Testudo hermanni). ANIMALS 26 outdoor-housed Hermann's tortoises (13 males and 13 females); body weight ranged from 255 to 2,310 g, and age ranged from 4 to > 50 years. PROCEDURES After a preliminary ophthalmic evaluation was performed, IOP was measured by means of a rebound tonometer in both eyes of each tortoise. Three measurements were obtained for each eye; successive measurements were obtained from alternate eyes. Each measurement was based on the mean of 6 values automatically provided by the rebound tonometer. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate correlations between variables and to identify sex- or size-related IOP variations, and changes in IOP over multiple measurements. RESULTS Mean ± SEM IOP of the 52 eyes was 15.74 ± 0.20 mm Hg (range, 9 to 22 mm Hg). Results for t tests did not reveal significant differences in IOP between the right and left eyes or between males and females. A significant moderate negative correlation (r = -0.41; r(2) = 0.169) between IOP and body weight was detected. Results of repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant increase in IOP over multiple measurements. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Rebound tonometry was a practical and rapid means of determining IOP in small- to medium-sized tortoises that required minimal manual restraint of the animals. Establishing IOP values in healthy Hermann's tortoises will provide a reference frame for use during complete ophthalmic examinations, thus allowing clinicians to diagnose a broader spectrum of ocular pathological conditions in tortoises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Selleri
- Clinica per Animali Esotici, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Via Sandro Giovannini 53,00137 Rome, Italy
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Di Girolamo N, Andreani V, Guandalini A, Selleri P. Evaluation of intraocular pressure in conscious ferrets (Mustela putorius furo
) by means of rebound tonometry and comparison with applanation tonometry. Vet Rec 2013; 172:396. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Di Girolamo
- Clinica per Animali Esotici; Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS) Rome Italy
| | - V. Andreani
- Department of Ophthalmology; Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS); Via Sandro Giovannini 53 Rome 00137 Italy
| | - A. Guandalini
- Department of Ophthalmology; Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS); Via Sandro Giovannini 53 Rome 00137 Italy
| | - P. Selleri
- Clinica per Animali Esotici; Centro Veterinario Specialistico (CVS) Rome Italy
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Sapienza JS, Guandalini A. Letter to the Editor. Vet Ophthalmol 2010; 13:278; author reply 278. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2010.00796_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Komaric N, Do H, Goris J, Guandalini A, Dickson C. Where to start? Community consultation on increasing physical activity in culturally and linguistically diverse groups in Queensland. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.10.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Mansten E, Dahlström JM, Mauritsson J, Ruchon T, L'huillier A, Tate J, Gaarde MB, Eckle P, Guandalini A, Holler M, Schapper F, Gallmann L, Keller U. Spectral signature of short attosecond pulse trains. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:083002. [PMID: 19257735 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.083002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental measurements of high-order harmonic spectra generated in Ar using a carrier-envelope-offset (CEO) stabilized 12 fs, 800 nm laser field and a fraction (less than 10%) of its second harmonic. Additional spectral peaks are observed between the harmonic peaks, which are due to interferences between multiple pulses in the train. The position of these peaks varies with the CEO and their number is directly related to the number of pulses in the train. An analytical model, as well as numerical simulations, support our interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mansten
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P. O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Zaïr A, Holler M, Guandalini A, Schapper F, Biegert J, Gallmann L, Keller U, Wyatt AS, Monmayrant A, Walmsley IA, Cormier E, Auguste T, Caumes JP, Salières P. Quantum path interferences in high-order harmonic generation. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:143902. [PMID: 18518033 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.143902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the intensity dependence of high-order harmonic generation in argon when the two shortest quantum paths contribute to the harmonic emission. For the first time to our knowledge, experimental conditions were found to clearly observe interference between these two quantum paths that are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. This result is a first step towards the direct experimental characterization of the full single-atom dipole moment and demonstrates an unprecedented accuracy of quantum path control on an attosecond time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zaïr
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zaïr A, Guandalini A, Schapper F, Holler M, Biegert J, Gallmann L, Couairon A, Franco M, Mysyrowicz A, Keller U. Spatio-temporal characterization of few-cycle pulses obtained by filamentation. Opt Express 2007; 15:5394-5404. [PMID: 19532794 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.005394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Intense sub-5-fs pulses were generated by filamentation in a noble gas and subsequent chirped-mirror pulse compression. The transversal spatial dependence of the temporal pulse profile was investigated by spatial selection of parts of the output beam. Selecting the central core of the beam is required for obtaining the shortest possible pulses. Higher energy efficiency is only obtained at the expense of pulse contrast since towards the outer parts of the beam the energy is spread into satellite structures leading to a double-pulse profile on the very off-axis part of the beam. Depending on the requirements for a particular application, a trade-off between the pulse duration and the pulse energy has to be done. The energy of the sub-5-fs pulses produced was sufficient for the generation of high order harmonics in Argon. In addition, full simulation is performed in space and time on pulse propagation through filamentation that explains the double-pulse structure observed as part of a conical emission enhanced by the plasma defocusing.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of a dermal biopsy punch for accurate and quick removal of ectopic cilia in dogs. ANIMALS STUDIED This study reports the treatment of ectopic cilia detected in 12 dogs during the period from June 2002 to December 2004. Five cases were affected with ectopic cilia in the right eye, and five in the left eye, with two cases affected bilaterally. Nineteen ectopic cilia were detected in 12 dogs. PROCEDURE The technique described in this study consists of using a 2-3-mm skin biopsy punch with the aid of an operating microscope. RESULTS No recurrence was noted in any of the cases. The presurgical blepharospasm due to the presence of the cilia resolved as well as uneventful corneal healing of any associated corneal erosions or ulcers. CONCLUSIONS This method offers a simple, practical alternative to the traditional scalpel procedure as described in the veterinary ophthalmic literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio D'Anna
- Ambulatorio Veterinario, Via Casetta Mattei 331, 00148 Rome, Italy.
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Hauri C, Guandalini A, Eckle P, Kornelis W, Biegert J, Keller U. Generation of intense few-cycle laser pulses through filamentation - parameter dependence. Opt Express 2005; 13:7541-7547. [PMID: 19498780 DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.007541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Intense few-cycle laser pulses as short as 5.1 fs are generated though self-filamentation in a noble gas atmosphere. We study the dependence of the laser pulse fidelity on the driving pulse profile and chirp as well as on the gas parameters, quantify their pointing stability and spatial quality.
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Abstract
A six-year-old intact male Pomeranian was examined because of right eye discomfort. An iris neoplasm was suspected and the eye was enucleated. A uveal melanoma with malignant features was diagnosed. The dog recovered uneventfully from surgery. A general physical examination was performed at 3-month intervals afterwards without any detectable problem, but 18 months after the first presentation the dog suffered a rapid, progressive paraplegia. Radiographic examination and myelography revealed a spinal cord compression at the level of the 8th thoracic (T8) vertebral body. Surgical exploration of the area revealed a potential vertebral neoplasm: histopathology confirmed a melanoma which was suspected to have resulted from metastasis from the previously diagnosed uveal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Rovesti
- Ambulatorio Veterinario Associato 'M. E. Miller', Via della Costituzione, 10, 42025 Cavriago-Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Cinotti A, Galeotti R, Guandalini A, Rollo M, Mannella P. [Ultrasonographic semiology of biliary prostheses]. Radiol Med 1993; 86:639-46. [PMID: 8272551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
US was used to study 60 patients with different types of plastic (Home-made, Lunderquist, Miller, Carey-Coons, Lammer) and metallic (Z-stent, Wallstent) biliary stents, from October 1990 to March 1993. The optimal US approach was assessed, together with several US features which are typical of each type of endoprosthesis. As far as plastic endoprostheses are concerned, independent of manufacturing differences, the typical US pattern on longitudinal scans is a hyperechoic double line while, on transverse scans, the prosthesis cylinder is represented by short hyperechoic lines, resembling the mathematic equal sign. According to the different types, metallic stents appear as thin hyperechoic lines or narrow gratings on longitudinal scans and as hyperechoic spots following a circular pattern or as a hyperechoic ring on transverse scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cinotti
- Istituto di Radiologia, Università degli Studi, Ferrara
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Cinotti A, Guandalini A, Besutti A, Mannella P. [A volumetric increase in the submandibular glands due to an organic iodate contrast medium. A case report]. Radiol Med 1993; 85:138-40. [PMID: 8480042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Cinotti
- Istituto di Radiologia, Università, Ferrara
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