1
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Lovett AJ, Kursumovic A, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Lithium Loss in Vacuum Deposited Thin Films. ACS Energy Lett 2024; 9:1753-1758. [PMID: 38633998 PMCID: PMC11019639 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.4c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Lovett
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London, United Kingdom, WC1E 7JE
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
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2
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Armstrong C, Delumeau LV, Muñoz-Rojas D, Kursumovic A, MacManus-Driscoll J, Musselman KP. Tuning the band gap and carrier concentration of titania films grown by spatial atomic layer deposition: a precursor comparison. Nanoscale Adv 2021; 3:5908-5918. [PMID: 34746646 PMCID: PMC8507900 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00563d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spatial atomic layer deposition retains the advantages of conventional atomic layer deposition: conformal, pinhole-free films and excellent control over thickness. Additionally, it allows higher deposition rates and is well-adapted to depositing metal oxide nanofilms for photovoltaic cells and other devices. This study compares the morphological, electrical and optical properties of titania thin films deposited by spatial atomic layer deposition from titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) over the temperature range 100-300 °C, using the oxidant H2O. Amorphous films were deposited at temperatures as low as 100 °C from both precursors: the approach is suitable for applying films to temperature-sensitive devices. An amorphous-to-crystalline transition temperature was observed for both precursors resulting in surface roughening, and agglomerates for TiCl4. Both precursors formed conformal anatase films at 300 °C, with growth rates of 0.233 and 0.153 nm s-1 for TiCl4 and TTIP. A drawback of TiCl4 use is the HCl by-product, which was blamed for agglomeration in the films. Cl contamination was the likely cause of band gap narrowing and higher defect densities compared to TTIP-grown films. The carrier concentration of the nanofilms was found to increase with deposition temperature. The films were tested in hybrid bilayer solar cells to demonstrate their appropriateness for photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Armstrong
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Louis-Vincent Delumeau
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. West Waterloo Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology 200 University Ave. West Waterloo Canada
| | - David Muñoz-Rojas
- Laboratoire des Materiaux et du Genie Physique, CNRS, MINATEC 3 Parvis Louis Neel Grenoble 38016 France
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Judith MacManus-Driscoll
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Kevin P Musselman
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. West Waterloo Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology 200 University Ave. West Waterloo Canada
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3
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Pan H, Kursumovic A, Lin YH, Nan CW, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Dielectric films for high performance capacitive energy storage: multiscale engineering. Nanoscale 2020; 12:19582-19591. [PMID: 32966511 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05709f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric capacitors are fundamental components in electronic and electrical systems due to their high-rate charging/discharging character and ultrahigh power density. Film dielectrics possess larger breakdown strength and higher energy density than their bulk counterparts, holding great promise for compact and efficient power systems. In this article, we review the very recent advances in dielectric films, in the framework of engineering at multiple scales to improve energy storage performance. Strategies are summarized including atomic-scale defect control, nanoscale domain and grain engineering, as well as mesoscale composite design. Challenges and remaining concerns are also discussed for further performance improvement and practical application of dielectric films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
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4
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Kurdi S, Ghidini M, Divitini G, Nair B, Kursumovic A, Tiberto P, Dhesi SS, Barber ZH. Exchange-bias via nanosegregation in novel Fe 2-x Mn 1+x Al ( x = -0.25, 0, 0.25) Heusler films. Nanoscale Adv 2020; 2:2602-2609. [PMID: 36133395 PMCID: PMC9417214 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00689c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exchange-bias has been reported in bulk nanocrystalline Fe2MnAl, but individual thin films of this Heusler alloy have never been studied so far. Here we study the structural and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline thin films of Fe2-x Mn1+x Al (x = -0.25, 0 and 0.25) obtained by sputtering and ex situ post-deposition annealing. We find that Fe2MnAl films display exchange-bias, and that varying Mn concentration determines the magnitude of the effect, which can be either enhanced (in Fe1.75Mn1.25Al) or suppressed (in Fe2.25Mn0.75Al). X-ray diffraction shows that our films present a mixed L21-B2 Heusler structure where increasing Mn concentration favors the partial transformation of the L21 phase into the B2 phase. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) reveal that this composition-driven L21 → B2 transformation is accompanied by phase segregation at the nanoscale. As a result, the Fe2-x Mn1+x Al films that show exchange-bias (x = 0, 0.25) are heterogeneous, with nanograins of an Fe-rich phase embedded in a Mn-rich matrix (a non-negative matrix factorisation algorithm was used to give an indication of the phase composition from EDX data). Our comparative analysis of XRD, magnetometry and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), shows that the Fe-rich nanograins and Mn-rich matrix are composed of a ferromagnetic L21 phase and an antiferromagnetic B2 phase, respectively, thus revealing that exchange-coupling between these two phases is the cause of the exchange-bias effect. Our work should inspire the development of single-layer, environmentally friendly spin valve devices based on nanocomposite Heusler films.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kurdi
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge CB3 0FS Cambridge UK
| | - M Ghidini
- Department of Physics, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Parma 43130 Parma Italy
- Diamond Light Source Chilton Didcot OX11 0DE Oxfordshire UK
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge CB3 0FS Cambridge UK
| | - G Divitini
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge CB3 0FS Cambridge UK
| | - B Nair
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge CB3 0FS Cambridge UK
| | - A Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge CB3 0FS Cambridge UK
| | - P Tiberto
- The National Institute for Metrological Research (INRIM) 10135 Torino Italy
| | - S S Dhesi
- Diamond Light Source Chilton Didcot OX11 0DE Oxfordshire UK
| | - Z H Barber
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge CB3 0FS Cambridge UK
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5
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Choi EM, Maity T, Kursumovic A, Lu P, Bi Z, Yu S, Park Y, Zhu B, Wu R, Gopalan V, Wang H, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Nanoengineering room temperature ferroelectricity into orthorhombic SmMnO 3 films. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2207. [PMID: 32371855 PMCID: PMC7200746 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthorhombic RMnO3 (R = rare-earth cation) compounds are type-II multiferroics induced by inversion-symmetry-breaking of spin order. They hold promise for magneto-electric devices. However, no spontaneous room-temperature ferroic property has been observed to date in orthorhombic RMnO3. Here, using 3D straining in nanocomposite films of (SmMnO3)0.5((Bi,Sm)2O3)0.5, we demonstrate room temperature ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism with TC,FM ~ 90 K, matching exactly with theoretical predictions for the induced strain levels. Large in-plane compressive and out-of-plane tensile strains (-3.6% and +4.9%, respectively) were induced by the stiff (Bi,Sm)2O3 nanopillars embedded. The room temperature electric polarization is comparable to other spin-driven ferroelectric RMnO3 films. Also, while bulk SmMnO3 is antiferromagnetic, ferromagnetism was induced in the composite films. The Mn-O bond angles and lengths determined from density functional theory explain the origin of the ferroelectricity, i.e. modification of the exchange coupling. Our structural tuning method gives a route to designing multiferroics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea.
| | - Tuhin Maity
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ping Lu
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Zenxhing Bi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shukai Yu
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yoonsang Park
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bonan Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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6
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Wu R, Kursumovic A, Gao X, Yun C, Vickers ME, Wang H, Cho S, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Design of a Vertical Composite Thin Film System with Ultralow Leakage To Yield Large Converse Magnetoelectric Effect. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:18237-18245. [PMID: 29732880 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electric field control of magnetism is a critical future technology for low-power, ultrahigh density memory. However, despite intensive research efforts, no practical material systems have emerged. Interface-coupled, composite systems containing ferroelectric and ferri-/ferromagnetic elements have been widely explored, but they have a range of problems, for example, substrate clamping, large leakage, and inability to miniaturize. In this work, through careful material selection, design, and nanoengineering, a high-performance room-temperature magnetoelectric system is demonstrated. The clamping problem is overcome by using a vertically aligned nanocomposite structure in which the strain coupling is independent of the substrate. To overcome the leakage problem, three key novel advances are introduced: a low leakage ferroelectric, Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3; ferroelectric-ferrimagnetic vertical interfaces which are not conducting; and current blockage via a rectifying interface between the film and the Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrate. The new multiferroic nanocomposite (Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-CoFe2O4) thin-film system enables, for the first time, large-scale in situ electric field control of magnetic anisotropy at room temperature in a system applicable for magnetoelectric random access memory, with a magnetoelectric coefficient of 1.25 × 10-9 s m-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , Cambridge CB3 0FS , United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , Cambridge CB3 0FS , United Kingdom
| | - Xingyao Gao
- Materials Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Chao Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , Cambridge CB3 0FS , United Kingdom
| | - Mary E Vickers
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , Cambridge CB3 0FS , United Kingdom
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Materials Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Seungho Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , Cambridge CB3 0FS , United Kingdom
| | - Judith L MacManus-Driscoll
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , Cambridge CB3 0FS , United Kingdom
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7
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Rizzo F, Augieri A, Kursumovic A, Bianchetti M, Opherden L, Sieger M, Hühne R, Hänisch J, Meledin A, Van Tendeloo G, MacManus-Driscoll JL, Celentano G. Pushing the limits of applicability of REBCO coated conductor films through fine chemical tuning and nanoengineering of inclusions. Nanoscale 2018; 10:8187-8195. [PMID: 29676427 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09428k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An outstanding current carrying performance (namely critical current density, Jc) over a broad temperature range of 10-77 K for magnetic fields up to 12 T is reported for films of YBa2Cu3O7-x with Ba2Y(Nb,Ta)O6 inclusion pinning centres (YBCO-BYNTO) and thicknesses in the range of 220-500 nm. Jc values of 10 MA cm-2 were measured at 30 K - 5 T and 10 K - 9 T with a corresponding maximum of the pinning force density at 10 K close to 1 TN m-3. The system is very flexible regarding properties and microstructure tuning, and the growth window for achieving a particular microstructure is wide, which is very important for industrial processing. Hence, the dependence of Jc on the magnetic field angle was readily controlled by fine tuning the pinning microstructure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis highlighted that higher growth rates induce more splayed and denser BYNTO nanocolumns with a matching field as high as 5.2 T. Correspondingly, a strong peak at the B||c-axis is noticed when the density of vortices is lower than the nanocolumn density. YBCO-BYNTO is a very robust and reproducible composite system for high-current coated conductors over an extended range of magnetic fields and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rizzo
- ENEA, Frascati Research Centre, Via E. Fermi, 45-00044 Frascati, Italy.
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8
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Sangle AL, Lee OJ, Kursumovic A, Zhang W, Chen A, Wang H, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Very high commutation quality factor and dielectric tunability in nanocomposite SrTiO 3 thin films with T c enhanced to >300 °C. Nanoscale 2018; 10:3460-3468. [PMID: 29446777 PMCID: PMC5815283 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06991j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on nanoengineered SrTiO3-Sm2O3 nanocomposite thin films with the highest reported values of commutation quality factor (CQF or K-factor) of >2800 in SrTiO3 at room temperature. The films also had a large tunability of dielectric constant (49%), low tangent loss (tan δ = 0.01) and a Curie temperature for SrTiO3 > 300 °C, making them very attractive for tunable RF applications. The enhanced properties originate from the unique nanostructure in the films, with <20 nm diameter strain-controlling Sm2O3 nanocolumns embedded in a SrTiO3 matrix. Very large out-of-plane strains (up to 2.6%) and high tetragonality (c/a) (up to 1.013) were induced in the SrTiO3. The K-factor was further enhanced by adding 1 at% Sc3+ (acceptor) dopant in SrTiO3 to a value of 3300 with the tangent loss being ≤0.01 up to 1000 kV cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet L. Sangle
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , UK . ;
| | - Oon Jew Lee
- School of Fundamental Science , Universiti Malaysia Terengganu , 21300 Kuala Terengganu , Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , UK . ;
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Bldg. 735 – P.O. Box 5000 , Upton , NY 11973-5000 , USA
| | - Aiping Chen
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , NM 87545 , USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN 47907 , USA
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9
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Cho S, Yun C, Tappertzhofen S, Kursumovic A, Lee S, Lu P, Jia Q, Fan M, Jian J, Wang H, Hofmann S, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Self-assembled oxide films with tailored nanoscale ionic and electronic channels for controlled resistive switching. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12373. [PMID: 27491392 PMCID: PMC4980456 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistive switches are non-volatile memory cells based on nano-ionic redox processes that offer energy efficient device architectures and open pathways to neuromorphics and cognitive computing. However, channel formation typically requires an irreversible, not well controlled electroforming process, giving difficulty to independently control ionic and electronic properties. The device performance is also limited by the incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we report a novel memristive model material system based on self-assembled Sm-doped CeO2 and SrTiO3 films that allow the separate tailoring of nanoscale ionic and electronic channels at high density (∼10(12) inch(-2)). We systematically show that these devices allow precise engineering of the resistance states, thus enabling large on-off ratios and high reproducibility. The tunable structure presents an ideal platform to explore ionic and electronic mechanisms and we expect a wide potential impact also on other nascent technologies, ranging from ionic gating to micro-solid oxide fuel cells and neuromorphics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungho Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Chao Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Stefan Tappertzhofen
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Shinbuhm Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Ping Lu
- Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Quanxi Jia
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Meng Fan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Jie Jian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Stephan Hofmann
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
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10
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Choi EM, Fix T, Kursumovic A, Kinane CJ, Arena D, Sahonta SL, Bi Z, Xiong J, Yan L, Lee JS, Wang H, Langridge S, Kim YM, Borisevich AY, MacLaren I, Ramasse QM, Blamire MG, Jia Q, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Room Temperature Ferrimagnetism and Ferroelectricity in Strained, Thin Films of BiFe 0.5Mn 0.5O 3. Adv Funct Mater 2014. [PMID: 26213531 PMCID: PMC4511393 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201401464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Highly strained films of BiFe0.5Mn0.5O3 (BFMO) grown at very low rates by pulsed laser deposition were demonstrated to exhibit both ferrimagnetism and ferroelectricity at room temperature and above. Magnetisation measurements demonstrated ferrimagnetism (TC ∼ 600K), with a room temperature saturation moment (MS ) of up to 90 emu/cc (∼ 0.58 μB /f.u) on high quality (001) SrTiO3. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism showed that the ferrimagnetism arose from antiferromagnetically coupled Fe3+ and Mn3+. While scanning transmission electron microscope studies showed there was no long range ordering of Fe and Mn, the magnetic properties were found to be strongly dependent on the strain state in the films. The magnetism is explained to arise from one of three possible mechanisms with Bi polarization playing a key role. A signature of room temperature ferroelectricity in the films was measured by piezoresponse force microscopy and was confirmed using angular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy. The demonstration of strain induced, high temperature multiferroism is a promising development for future spintronic and memory applications at room temperature and above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Choi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK E-mail:
| | - Thomas Fix
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK E-mail:
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK E-mail:
| | - Christy J Kinane
- ISIS, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Darío Arena
- National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York, 11973, USA
| | - Suman-Lata Sahonta
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK E-mail:
| | - Zhenxing Bi
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Jie Xiong
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Li Yan
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Jun-Sik Lee
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station, TX, 77843-3128, USA
| | - Sean Langridge
- ISIS, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA ; Division of Electron Microscopic Research, Korea Basic Science Institute Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Albina Y Borisevich
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Ian MacLaren
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | - Mark G Blamire
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK E-mail:
| | - Quanxi Jia
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Judith L MacManus-Driscoll
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK E-mail:
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11
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Choi EM, Kursumovic A, Lee OJ, Kleibeuker JE, Chen A, Zhang W, Wang H, MacManus-Driscoll J. Ferroelectric Sm-doped BiMnO3 thin films with ferromagnetic transition temperature enhanced to 140 K. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:14836-43. [PMID: 25141031 PMCID: PMC4176521 DOI: 10.1021/am501351c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A combined chemical pressure and substrate biaxial pressure crystal engineering approach was demonstrated for producing highly epitaxial Sm-doped BiMnO(3) (BSMO) films on SrTiO(3) single crystal substrates, with enhanced magnetic transition temperatures, TC up to as high as 140 K, 40 K higher than that for standard BiMnO(3) (BMO) films. Strong room temperature ferroelectricity with piezoresponse amplitude, d(33) = 10 pm/V, and long-term retention of polarization were also observed. Furthermore, the BSMO films were much easier to grow than pure BMO films, with excellent phase purity over a wide growth window. The work represents a very effective way to independently control strain in-plane and out-of-plane, which is important not just for BMO but for controlling the properties of many other strongly correlated oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Choi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, U.K.
- E-mail:
| | - Ahmed Kursumovic
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Oon Jew Lee
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Josée E. Kleibeuker
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Aiping Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3128, United States
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3128, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3128, United States
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Abstract
We present a case of posterior interosseous nerve palsy after bowel surgery associated with intramuscular myxoma of the supinator muscle. The initial symptoms of swelling of the forearm made it difficult to distinguish the condition from extravasations after intravenous cannulation. The diagnosis was finally established with nerve conduction studies and MRI 3 months after symptom onset. The patient underwent surgery for removal of the tumour and decompression of the posterior interosseous nerve. The histological examination identified the tumour as intramuscular myxoma and the patient made a full recovery with no recurrence of the lesion until present. Every swelling on the forearm causing neurological disorders is tumour suspected and should be examined clinically as well as electrophysically and radiographically. Early surgery and nerve decompression should follow immediately after the diagnosis. In case of intramuscular myxoma, good recovery of function after surgery with low recurrence risk may be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kursumovic
- Department of Neurosurgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum Deggendorf, Deggendorf, Germany
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Lee O, Harrington SA, Kursumovic A, Defay E, Wang H, Bi Z, Tsai CF, Yan L, Jia Q, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Extremely high tunability and low loss in nanoscaffold ferroelectric films. Nano Lett 2012; 12:4311-4317. [PMID: 22830673 DOI: 10.1021/nl302032u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous radio frequency and microwave device applications which require materials with high electrical tunability and low dielectric loss. For phased array antenna applications there is also a need for materials which can operate above room temperature and which have a low temperature coefficient of capacitance. We have created a nanoscaffold composite ferroelectric material containing Ba(0.6)Sr(0.4)TiO(3) and Sm(2)O(3) which has a very high tunability which scales inversely with loss. This behavior is opposite to what has been demonstrated in any previous report. Furthermore, the materials operate from room temperature to above 150 °C, while maintaining high tunability and low temperature coefficient of tunability. This new paradigm in dielectric property control comes about because of a vertical strain control mechanism which leads to high tetragonality (c/a ratio of 1.0126) in the BSTO. Tunability values of 75% (200 kV/cm field) were achieved at room temperature in micrometer thick films, the value remaining to >50% at 160 °C. Low dielectric loss values of <0.01 were also achieved, significantly lower than reference pure films.
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Affiliation(s)
- OonJew Lee
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom
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Zhang Z, Wimbush SC, Kursumovic A, Wang H, Lee JH, Suo H, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Biopolymer mediated synthesis of plate-like YBCO with enhanced grain connectivity and intragranular critical current. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce25223f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Koch H, Kursumovic A, Hubmer M, Seibert FJ, Haas F, Scharnagl E. DEFECTS ON THE DORSUM OF THE HAND — THE POSTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS FLAP AND ITS ALTERNATIVES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 8:205-12. [PMID: 15002099 DOI: 10.1142/s0218810403001789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2003] [Accepted: 10/23/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There are conditions that preclude the use of the posterior interosseous flap for reconstruction of the dorsum of the hand. Based on a series of 34 cases, these conditions are outlined and alternative solutions discussed. The posterior interosseous flap was employed for closure in 30 cases. In four cases different methods were used due to severe trauma to the wrist and distal forearm with potential impairment of the pedicle, a complex defect requiring a composite flap and an anatomical variation. Thin free flaps were employed alternatively. All flaps survived but there was marginal flap necrosis in two posterior interosseous flaps. The posterior interosseous flap proved its usefulness and reliability in reconstruction of the hand in this series. In four cases, free lateral arm and temporoparietal fascial flaps were employed. Flaps based on the main vessels of the forearm were not used due to their significant donor site morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Koch
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Karl-Franzens University Hospital, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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Hiralal P, Unalan HE, Wijayantha KGU, Kursumovic A, Jefferson D, Macmanus-Driscoll JL, Amaratunga GAJ. Growth and process conditions of aligned and patternable films of iron(III) oxide nanowires by thermal oxidation of iron. Nanotechnology 2008; 19:455608. [PMID: 21832785 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/45/455608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A simple, catalyst-free growth method for vertically aligned, highly crystalline iron oxide (α-Fe(2)O(3)) wires and needles is reported. Wires are grown by the thermal oxidation of iron foils. Growth properties are studied as a function of temperature, growth time and oxygen partial pressure. The size, morphology and density of the nanostructures can be controlled by varying growth temperature and time. Oxygen partial pressure shows no effect on the morphology of resulting nanostructures, although the oxide thickness increases with oxygen partial pressure. Additionally, by using sputtered iron films, the possibility of growth and patterning on a range of different substrates is demonstrated. Growth conditions can be adapted to less tolerant substrates by using lower temperatures and longer growth time. The results provide some insight into the mechanism of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hiralal
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
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Dediu V, Kursumovic A, Greco O, Biscarini F, Matacotta FC. Observation of the Stranski-Krastanov growth transition in GdBa2Cu3O7- delta films. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:1564-1567. [PMID: 9985999 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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