Elhaddad AM, Youssef MF, Ebad AA, Abdelsalam MS, Kamel MM. Effect of Ventilation Strategy During Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Arterial Oxygenation and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022;
36:4357-4363. [PMID:
36184472 DOI:
10.1053/j.jvca.2022.08.023]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To compare the effects of 3 ventilation strategies during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on arterial oxygenation and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).
DESIGN
A prospective, randomized, controlled study.
SETTING
A single-center tertiary teaching hospital.
PARTICIPANTS
One hundred twenty pediatric patients undergoing elective repair of congenital acyanotic heart diseases with CPB.
INTERVENTIONS
Patients were assigned randomly into 3 groups according to ventilation strategy during CPB as follows: (1) no mechanical ventilation (NOV), (2) continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 5 cmH2O, (3) low tidal volume (LTV), pressure controlled ventilation (PCV), respiratory rate (RR) 20-to-30/min, and peak inspiratory pressure adjusted to keep tidal volume (Vt) 2 mL/kg.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
The PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) ratio and PaO2 were higher in the 5 minutes postbypass period in the LTV group but were nonsignificant. The PaO2/FIO2 ratio and PaO2 were significant after chest closure and 1 hour after arrival to the intensive care unit with a higher PaO2/FIO2 ratio and PaO2 in the LTV group. Regarding the oxygenation index, the LTV group was superior to the NOV group at the 3 time points, with lower values in the LTV group. There were no significant differences in the predictive indices among the 3 groups, including the extubation time, and postoperative intensive care unit stays days. The incidence of PPCs did not significantly differ among the 3 groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Maintaining ventilation during CPB was associated with better oxygenation and did not reduce the incidence of PPCs in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Collapse