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Lalatović S, Smiljanić I, Ristić AJ, Čvorović Đ, Golubović V, Parojčić A, Baščarević V, Krstić N, Milovanović M. Psychometric evaluation of the Serbian version of the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE). Epilepsy Behav 2023; 149:109520. [PMID: 37944288 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Serbian-language version of the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE). METHODS The sample consisted of 108 patients with epilepsy (PWE) (60.2 % were female, age range: 19-67 years) and 102 students (86.3 % were female, age range: 18-47 years). The study encompassed two phases: (1) translation of the SSE into Serbian using the back-translation technique, and (2) evaluation of reliability and construct validity of the Serbian-language version of SSE. In addition to the SSE, the PWE filled out a Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The socio-demographic and clinical variables were noted for each patient by the semistructured interview. Besides completing the SSE, the students were asked if they knew anyone with epilepsy. The reliability of the questionnaire was tested by assessing the internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach's α), while construct validity was assessed by factor analysis, method of known-groups validation, and correlation analysis. RESULTS SSE demonstrates a satisfactory level of reliability in both samples, with Cronbach's α of 0.86 in the PWE sample and 0.90 in the student sample. Using exploratory factor analysis, four factors were identified in both samples, corresponding relatively well with the scale domains originally produced, with a few exceptions described. Adverse effects (AEs) of antiseizure medications (ASMs) and driving ability significantly influenced SSE scores, but there were no significant effects of other socio-demographic and clinical variables on epilepsy-related stigma in the PWE sample. In addition, depression severity significantly influenced SSE scores (based on NDDI-E cut-off score), with the SSE showing a positive association with PHQ-9 (r = 0.42, p < .001) and GAD-7 (r = 0.35, p < .001) as well. Regarding the student sample, the effects of personal knowledge of someone with epilepsy on SSE scores were found to be significant. Besides, students (M = 46.28, SD = 16.43) reported higher epilepsy-related stigma than patients (M = 40.66, SD = 17.01), t(208) = 2.43, p < .05, d = 0.34. CONCLUSION The Serbian version of the SSE has good psychometric properties and represents a useful tool for assessing epilepsy-related stigma in both patients and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staša Lalatović
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isidora Smiljanić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar J Ristić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Neurology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Dr Subotića 6, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Čvorović
- Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Violeta Golubović
- Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Parojčić
- Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Baščarević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Neurosurgery Clinic, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovića 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nadežda Krstić
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Milovanović
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Visokog Stevana 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Department for Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Mental Health, Milana Kašanina 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Drulović J, Tončev G, Nadj Č, Obradović D, Eraković J, Mesaroš Š, Čukić M, Aleksić D, Andabaka M, Ivanović J, Jovanović A, Kostić M, Marić G, Marković A, Martinović V, Parojčić A, Perić S, Sakalaš L, Suknjaja V, Vesić K, Vojvodić S, Vuković T, Benedict RHB, Pekmezović T. Validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in a Large Cohort of Relapsing-Remitting MS Patients. Acta Clin Croat 2022; 61:62-69. [PMID: 36398076 PMCID: PMC9616040 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2022.61.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is one of the most frequently reported symptoms in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) has been recommended as a standardized international screening and monitoring tool for brief cognitive assessment. The aim of our study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Serbian version of the BICAMS. A total of 500 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 69 age-, gender- and education-matched healthy control (HC) subjects were examined. All participants performed the BICAMS test battery, which includes the oral version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised (BVMTR). A randomly selected subset of patients were retested one to three weeks after baseline. Statistically significant differences between patients and HCs were evident on the SDMT and BVMTR (p<0.001). HCs had higher CVLT-II scores but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.063). Cognitive impairment, defined as an abnormal test score on ≥1 subtest, was found in 62.9% of MS patients. There were statistically significant correlations between BICAMS scores and age, education, EDSS and disease duration in patient sample. Test-retest reliability was confirmed with Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.70 in all measures. This study supported the reliability and validity of the Serbian BICAMS, although the CVLT-II version tested here lacked sensitivity to detect MS compared to healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Drulović
- Department of CNS Immune-Mediated Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Tončev
- Department of Neurology, Kragujevac Clinical Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Čongor Nadj
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragana Obradović
- Department of Neurology, Military Medical Academy, Medical Faculty, Defense University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jevto Eraković
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Šarlota Mesaroš
- Department of CNS Immune-Mediated Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Čukić
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Dejan Aleksić
- Department of Neurology, Kragujevac Clinical Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marko Andabaka
- Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Ivanović
- Department of CNS Immune-Mediated Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksa Jovanović
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Kostić
- Department of Neurology, Military Medical Academy, Medical Faculty, Defense University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gorica Marić
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Marković
- Department of Neurology, Military Medical Academy, Medical Faculty, Defense University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vanja Martinović
- Department of CNS Immune-Mediated Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Parojčić
- Department of CNS Immune-Mediated Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stojan Perić
- Department of CNS Immune-Mediated Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lorand Sakalaš
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna Suknjaja
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesić
- Department of Neurology, Kragujevac Clinical Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sofija Vojvodić
- Department of Neurology, Military Medical Academy, Medical Faculty, Defense University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Vuković
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Ralph H. B. Benedict
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tatjana Pekmezović
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Ristić AJ, Jovanović O, Popadić D, Pađen V, Moosa ANV, Krivokapić A, Parojčić A, Berisavac I, Ilanković A, Baščarević V, Vojvodić N, Sokić D. Does facial attractiveness influence perception of epilepsy diagnosis? An insight into stigma in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 77:1-7. [PMID: 29065282 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a group of young healthy individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (pMS), we aimed to investigate whether the physical attractiveness judgment affects perception of epilepsy. We tested hypothesis that subjects, in the absence of relevant clues, would catch upon the facial attractiveness when asked to speculate which person suffers epilepsy and select less attractive choices. METHOD Two photo-arrays (7 photos for each gender) selected from the Chicago Face Database (180 neutral faces of Caucasian volunteers with unknown medical status) were shown to study participants. Photos were evenly distributed along a continuum of attractiveness that was estimated by independent raters in prestudy stage. In each photo-array, three photos had rating 1-3 (unattractive), one photo had rating 4 (neutral), and three photos had rating 5-7 (attractive). High-quality printed photo-arrays were presented to test subjects, and they were asked to select one person from each photo-array "who has epilepsy". Finally, all subjects were asked to complete questionnaire of self-esteem and 19-item Scale of stereotypes toward people with epilepsy. RESULTS In total, 71 students of psychology, anthropology, or andragogy (mean age: 21.6±1.7years; female: 85.9%) and 70 pMS (mean age: 37.9±8years; female: 71.4%) were tested. Majority of students or pMS had no previous personal experience with individuals with epilepsy (63.4%; 47.1%, p=0.052). Male photo was selected as epileptic in the following proportions: students - 84.5% unattractive, 8.5% neutral, and 7% attractive; pMS - 62.9% unattractive, 8.6% neutral, and 28.6% attractive (p=0.003). Female photo was selected as epileptic in the following proportions: students - 38% unattractive, 52.1% neutral, and 9.9% attractive; pMS - 32.9% unattractive, 34.3% neutral, and 32.9% attractive (0.003). Both groups showed very low potential for stigmatization: significantly lower in pMS in 10 items. Patients with multiple sclerosis showed significantly higher self-esteem than students (p=0.007). CONCLUSION Facial attractiveness influences the perception of diagnosis of epilepsy. Both students and pMS were less willing to attribute epilepsy to attractive person of both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar J Ristić
- Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Olja Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Popadić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Višnja Pađen
- Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Parojčić
- Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Berisavac
- Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrej Ilanković
- Clinic for Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Nikola Vojvodić
- Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragoslav Sokić
- Center for Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders, Neurology Clinic, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Pejović AT, Ristić AJ, Baščarević V, Brajković L, Berisavac I, Vojvodić N, Parojčić A, Sokić D. Surgical management of meningoencephalocele in temporal bone associated with pharmacoresistant epilepsy: report of two cases. Br J Neurosurg 2017; 33:207-209. [DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2017.1409883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksa T. Pejović
- Neurology, Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar J. Ristić
- Neurology, Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Baščarević
- Institute for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Leposava Brajković
- PET Center, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Berisavac
- Neurology, Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Vojvodić
- Neurology, Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Parojčić
- Neurology, Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragoslav Sokić
- Neurology, Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Salak Djokić B, Spitznagel MB, Pavlović D, Janković N, Parojčić A, Ilić V, Nikolić Djurović M. Diabetes mellitus and cognitive functioning in a Serbian sample. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2014; 37:37-48. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2014.985190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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