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Croft LV, Fisher M, Barbhuiya TK, El-Kamand S, Beard S, Rajapakse A, Gamsjaeger R, Cubeddu L, Bolderson E, O'Byrne K, Richard D, Gandhi NS. Sequence- and Structure-Dependent Cytotoxicity of Phosphorothioate and 2'- O-Methyl Modified Single-Stranded Oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acid Ther 2024. [PMID: 38648015 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2023.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-stranded oligonucleotides (SSOs) are a rapidly expanding class of therapeutics that comprises antisense oligonucleotides, microRNAs, and aptamers, with ten clinically approved molecules. Chemical modifications such as the phosphorothioate backbone and the 2'-O-methyl ribose can improve the stability and pharmacokinetic properties of therapeutic SSOs, but they can also lead to toxicity in vitro and in vivo through nonspecific interactions with cellular proteins, gene expression changes, disturbed RNA processing, and changes in nuclear structures and protein distribution. In this study, we screened a mini library of 277 phosphorothioate and 2'-O-methyl-modified SSOs, with or without mRNA complementarity, for cytotoxic properties in two cancer cell lines. Using circular dichroism, nucleic magnetic resonance, and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that phosphorothioate- and 2'-O-methyl-modified SSOs that form stable hairpin structures through Watson-Crick base pairing are more likely to be cytotoxic than those that exist in an extended conformation. In addition, moderate and highly cytotoxic SSOs in our dataset have a higher mean purine composition than pyrimidine. Overall, our study demonstrates a structure-cytotoxicity relationship and indicates that the formation of stable hairpins should be a consideration when designing SSOs toward optimal therapeutic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura V Croft
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Fisher
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tabassum Khair Barbhuiya
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Serene El-Kamand
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Samuel Beard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Rajapakse
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Liza Cubeddu
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ken O'Byrne
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Derek Richard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Neha S Gandhi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
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Wang P, Zhou R, Zhou R, Feng S, Zhao L, Li W, Lin J, Rajapakse A, Lee CH, Furnari FB, Burgess AW, Gunter JH, Liu G, Ostrikov KK, Richard DJ, Simpson F, Dai X, Thompson EW. Epidermal growth factor potentiates EGFR(Y992/1173)-mediated therapeutic response of triple negative breast cancer cells to cold atmospheric plasma-activated medium. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102976. [PMID: 38052106 PMCID: PMC10746566 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) holds promise as a cancer-specific treatment that selectively kills various types of malignant cells. We used CAP-activated media (PAM) to utilize a range of the generated short- and long-lived reactive species. Specific antibodies, small molecule inhibitors and CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing approaches showed an essential role for receptor tyrosine kinases, especially epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, in mediating triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell responses to PAM. EGF also dramatically enhanced the sensitivity and specificity of PAM against TNBC cells. Site-specific phospho-EGFR analysis, signal transduction inhibitors and reconstitution of EGFR-depleted cells with EGFR-mutants confirmed the role of phospho-tyrosines 992/1173 and phospholipase C gamma signaling in up-regulating levels of reactive oxygen species above the apoptotic threshold. EGF-triggered EGFR activation enhanced the sensitivity and selectivity of PAM effects on TNBC cells. The proposed approach based on the synergy of CAP and EGFR-targeted therapy may provide new opportunities to improve the clinical management of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Renwu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Rusen Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Shuo Feng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Liqian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Wenshao Li
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Jinyong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Aleksandra Rajapakse
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Chia-Hwa Lee
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Frank B Furnari
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Antony W Burgess
- Walter and Elisa Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jennifer H Gunter
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia; Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China; Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
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Boucher D, Croft L, Beard S, Mohd Najib I, Rajapakse A, Duijf P, Richard D, O'Byrne K. 1153P A first in class DNA repair inhibitor for the treatment of NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Al-Asmari SS, Rajapakse A, Ullah TR, Pépin G, Croft LV, Gantier MP. Pharmacological Targeting of STING-Dependent IL-6 Production in Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:709618. [PMID: 35087822 PMCID: PMC8787270 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the STING pathway upon genotoxic treatment of cancer cells has been shown to lead to anti-tumoral effects, mediated through the acute production of interferon (IFN)-β. Conversely, the pathway also correlates with the expression of NF-κB-driven pro-tumorigenic genes, but these associations are only poorly defined in the context of genotoxic treatment, and are thought to correlate with a chronic engagement of the pathway. We demonstrate here that half of the STING-expressing cancer cells from the NCI60 panel rapidly increased expression of pro-tumorigenic IL-6 upon genotoxic DNA damage, often independent of type-I IFN responses. While preferentially dependent on canonical STING, we demonstrate that genotoxic DNA damage induced by camptothecin (CPT) also drove IL-6 production through non-canonical STING signaling in selected cancer cells. Consequently, pharmacological inhibition of canonical STING failed to broadly inhibit IL-6 production induced by CPT, although this could be achieved through downstream ERK1/2 inhibition. Finally, prolonged inhibition of canonical STING signaling was associated with increased colony formation of MG-63 cells, highlighting the duality of STING signaling in also restraining the growth of selected cancer cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that genotoxic-induced DNA damage frequently leads to the rapid production of pro-tumorigenic IL-6 in cancer cells, independent of an IFN signature, through canonical and non-canonical STING activation; this underlines the complexity of STING engagement in human cancer cells, with frequent acute pro-tumorigenic activities induced by DNA damage. We propose that inhibition of ERK1/2 may help curb such pro-tumorigenic responses to DNA-damage, while preserving the anti-proliferative effects of the STING-interferon axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiah S Al-Asmari
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Rajapakse
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tomalika R Ullah
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Geneviève Pépin
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura V Croft
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Cancer and Ageing Research Program at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael P Gantier
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Rajapakse A, O'Leary C, Gundelach R, Deva R, O'Byrne K. Unilateral autoimmune inner ear disease in a patient with lung cancer treated with nivolumab. Oxf Med Case Reports 2020; 2020:omaa077. [PMID: 32995031 PMCID: PMC7507864 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omaa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A 69-year-old male presented with early stage non-small cell lung cancer in 2016. The tumor was resected; however, the patient experienced recurrence 2 years later and subsequently received paclitaxel/carboplatin concurrently with radiotherapy. Within weeks of completing this treatment, he developed a symptomatic pancoast tumor secondary to disease progression and commenced second line nivolumab. Following the second dose of nivolumab, he developed acute unilateral right hearing loss. He commenced intravenous methylprednisolone followed by a slow taper of oral prednisolone. With steroids, he noted a gradual improvement in hearing, confirmed by audiology. Restaging imaging post-nivolumab demonstrated a complete metabolic response. Two prior cases have reported bilateral sensorineural hearing loss post-immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). We postulate the hearing impairment relates to the development of autoimmune inner ear disease. To our knowledge, this is the only case of a patient experiencing unilateral loss of hearing following an ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rajapakse
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Connor O'Leary
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Rajeev Deva
- Queensland X-ray, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, Australia
| | - Ken O'Byrne
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, Australia
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6
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Rajapakse A, Suraweera A, Boucher D, Naqi A, O'Byrne K, Richard DJ, Croft LV. Redox Regulation in the Base Excision Repair Pathway: Old and New Players as Cancer Therapeutic Targets. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1901-1921. [PMID: 31258058 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190430092732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are by-products of normal cellular metabolic processes, such as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. While low levels of ROS are important signalling molecules, high levels of ROS can damage proteins, lipids and DNA. Indeed, oxidative DNA damage is the most frequent type of damage in the mammalian genome and is linked to human pathologies such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Although oxidative DNA damage is cleared predominantly through the Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway, recent evidence suggests that additional pathways such as Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) and Mismatch Repair (MMR) can also participate in clearance of these lesions. One of the most common forms of oxidative DNA damage is the base damage 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which if left unrepaired may result in G:C to A:T transversions during replication, a common mutagenic feature that can lead to cellular transformation. OBJECTIVE Repair of oxidative DNA damage, including 8-oxoG base damage, involves the functional interplay between a number of proteins in a series of enzymatic reactions. This review describes the role and the redox regulation of key proteins involved in the initial stages of BER of 8-oxoG damage, namely Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APE1), human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (hOGG1) and human single-stranded DNA binding protein 1 (hSSB1). Moreover, the therapeutic potential and modalities of targeting these key proteins in cancer are discussed. CONCLUSION It is becoming increasingly apparent that some DNA repair proteins function in multiple repair pathways. Inhibiting these factors would provide attractive strategies for the development of more effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rajapakse
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Amila Suraweera
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Didier Boucher
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ali Naqi
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, United States
| | - Kenneth O'Byrne
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura V Croft
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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