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Zhang H, Lesnov GD, Subach OM, Zhang W, Kuzmicheva TP, Vlaskina AV, Samygina VR, Chen L, Ye X, Nikolaeva AY, Gabdulkhakov A, Papadaki S, Qin W, Borshchevskiy V, Perfilov MM, Gavrikov AS, Drobizhev M, Mishin AS, Piatkevich KD, Subach FV. Bright and stable monomeric green fluorescent protein derived from StayGold. Nat Methods 2024; 21:657-665. [PMID: 38409224 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The high brightness and photostability of the green fluorescent protein StayGold make it a particularly attractive probe for long-term live-cell imaging; however, its dimeric nature precludes its application as a fluorescent tag for some proteins. Here, we report the development and crystal structures of a monomeric variant of StayGold, named mBaoJin, which preserves the beneficial properties of its precursor, while serving as a tag for structural proteins and membranes. Systematic benchmarking of mBaoJin against popular green fluorescent proteins and other recently introduced monomeric and pseudomonomeric derivatives of StayGold established mBaoJin as a bright and photostable fluorescent protein, exhibiting rapid maturation and high pH/chemical stability. mBaoJin was also demonstrated for super-resolution, long-term live-cell imaging and expansion microscopy. We further showed the applicability of mBaoJin for neuronal labeling in model organisms, including Caenorhabditis elegans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gleb D Lesnov
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana M Subach
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russia
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tatyana P Kuzmicheva
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Vlaskina
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeriya R Samygina
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Crystallography of Federal Research Scientific Center 'Crystallography and Photonics' of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liangyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xianxin Ye
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russia
| | - Azat Gabdulkhakov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Stavrini Papadaki
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenming Qin
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute CAS, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Maxim M Perfilov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey S Gavrikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Drobizhev
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Alexander S Mishin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kiryl D Piatkevich
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fedor V Subach
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russia.
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2
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Bakunova AK, Matyuta IO, Nikolaeva AY, Boyko KM, Popov VO, Bezsudnova EY. Mechanism of D-Cycloserine Inhibition of D-Amino Acid Transaminase from Haliscomenobacter hydrossis. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2023; 88:687-697. [PMID: 37331714 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923050115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
D-cycloserine inhibits pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes. Inhibition effect depend on organization of the active site and mechanism of the catalyzed reaction. D-cycloserine interacts with the PLP form of the enzyme similarly to the substrate (amino acid), and this interaction is predominantly reversible. Several products of the interaction of PLP with D-cycloserine are known. For some enzymes formation of a stable aromatic product - hydroxyisoxazole-pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate at certain pH - leads to irreversible inhibition. The aim of this work was to study the mechanism of D-cycloserine inhibition of the PLP-dependent D-amino acid transaminase from Haliscomenobacter hydrossis. Spectral methods revealed several products of interaction of D-cycloserine with PLP in the active site of transaminase: oxime between PLP and β-aminooxy-D-alanine, ketimine between pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate and cyclic form of D-cycloserine, and pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate. Formation of hydroxyisoxazole-pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate was not observed. 3D structure of the complex with D-cycloserine was obtained using X-ray diffraction analysis. In the active site of transaminase, a ketimine adduct between pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate and D-cycloserine in the cyclic form was found. Ketimine occupied two positions interacting with different active site residues via hydrogen bonds. Using kinetic and spectral methods we have shown that D-cycloserine inhibition is reversible, and activity of the inhibited transaminase from H. hydrossis could be restored by adding excess of keto substrate or excess of cofactor. The obtained results confirm reversibility of the inhibition by D-cycloserine and interconversion of various adducts of D-cycloserine and PLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina K Bakunova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| | - Ilya O Matyuta
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu Bezsudnova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
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3
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Bezsudnova EY, Nikolaeva AY, Bakunova AK, Rakitina TV, Suplatov DA, Popov VO, Boyko KM. Probing the role of the residues in the active site of the transaminase from Thermobaculum terrenum. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255098. [PMID: 34324538 PMCID: PMC8320979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Creating biocatalysts for (R)-selective amination effectively is highly desirable in organic synthesis. Despite noticeable progress in the engineering of (R)-amine activity in pyridoxal-5’-phosphate-dependent transaminases of fold type IV, the specialization of the activity is still an intuitive task, as there is poor understanding of sequence-structure-function relationships. In this study, we analyzed this relationship in transaminase from Thermobaculum terrenum, distinguished by expanded substrate specificity and activity in reactions with L-amino acids and (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine using α-ketoglutarate and pyruvate as amino acceptors. We performed site-directed mutagenesis to create a panel of the enzyme variants, which differ in the active site residues from the parent enzyme to a putative transaminase specific to (R)-primary amines. The variants were examined in the overall transamination reactions and half-reaction with (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine. A structural analysis of the most prominent variants revealed a spatial reorganization in the active sites, which caused changes in activity. Although the specialization to (R)-amine transaminase was not implemented, we succeeded in understanding the role of the particular active site residues in expanding substrate specificity of the enzyme. We showed that the specificity for (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine in transaminase from T. terrenum arises without sacrificing the specificity for L-amino acids and α-ketoglutarate and in consensus with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Yu Bezsudnova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alina K Bakunova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Rakitina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry A Suplatov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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4
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Kryukova MV, Petrovskaya LE, Novototskaya-Vlasova KA, Kryukova EA, Yakimov SA, Nikolaeva AY, Boyko KM, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Effect of Cysteine Residue Substitution in the GCSAG Motif of the PMGL2 Esterase Active Site on the Enzyme Properties. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2021; 85:709-716. [PMID: 32586234 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920060085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The gene coding for PMGL2 esterase, which belongs to the family of mammalian hormone-sensitive lipases (HSLs), was discovered by screening a metagenomic DNA library from a permafrost soil. The active site of PMGL2 contains conserved GXSXG motif which includes Cys173 residue next to the catalytic Ser174. In order to clarify the functional role of the cysteine residue in the GCSAG motif, we constructed a number of PMGL2 mutants with Cys173 substitutions and studied their properties. The specific activity of the C173D mutant exceeded the specific activity of the wild-type enzyme (wtPMGL2) by 60%, while the C173T/C202S mutant displayed reduced catalytic activity. The activity of the C173D mutant with p-nitrophenyl octanoate was 15% higher, while the activity of the C173T/C202S mutant was 17% lower compared to wtPMGL2. The C173D mutant was also characterized by a high activity at low temperatures (20-35°C) and significant loss of thermal stability. The kcat value for this protein was 56% higher than for the wild-type enzyme. The catalytic constants of the C173S mutant were close to those of wtPMGL2; this enzyme also demonstrated the highest thermal stability among the studied mutants. The obtained results demonstrate that substitutions of amino acid residues adjacent to the catalytic serine residue in the GXSXG motif can have a significant effect on the properties of PMGL2 esterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Kryukova
- Kurchatov NBICS-Technologies Complex, Kurchatov Institute National Research Centre, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - L E Petrovskaya
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - K A Novototskaya-Vlasova
- Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - E A Kryukova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - S A Yakimov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - A Y Nikolaeva
- Kurchatov NBICS-Technologies Complex, Kurchatov Institute National Research Centre, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - K M Boyko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - D A Dolgikh
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - M P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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5
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Alekseeva MG, Boyko KM, Nikolaeva AY, Mavletova DA, Rudakova NN, Zakharevich NV, Korzhenevskiy DA, Ziganshin RH, Popov VO, Danilenko VN. Identification, functional and structural characterization of novel aminoglycoside phosphotransferase APH(3″)-Id from Streptomyces rimosus subsp. rimosus ATCC 10970. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 671:111-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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6
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Marchenkova MA, Konarev PV, Rakitina TV, Timofeev VI, Boikova AS, Dyakova YA, Ilina KB, Korzhenevskiy DA, Yu Nikolaeva A, Pisarevsky YV, Kovalchuk MV. Dodecamers derived from the crystal structure were found in the pre-crystallization solution of the transaminase from the thermophilic bacterium Thermobaculum terrenum by small-angle X-ray scattering. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:2939-2944. [PMID: 31347457 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1649195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The pre-crystallization solution of the transaminase from Thermobaculum terrenum (TaTT) has been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Regular changes in the oligomeric composition of the protein were observed after the addition of the precipitant. Comparison of the observed oligomers with the crystal structure of TaTT (PDB ID 6GKR) shows that dodecamers may act as building blocks in the growth of transaminase single crystals. Correlating of these results to the similar X-ray studies of other proteins suggests that SAXS may be a valuable tool for searching optimum crystallization conditions. AbbreviationSAXSsmall-angle X-ray scatteringTatransaminaseTaTTtransaminase from Thermobaculum terrenumPLPpyridoxal-5'-phosphateR-PEAR-(þ)-1-phenylethylamineBCATbranched-chain amino acid aminotransferaseDAATD-aminoacid aminotransferaseR-TAR-amine:pyruvate transaminaseCommunicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A Marchenkova
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Petr V Konarev
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Rakitina
- National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation.,Shemyakin - Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Laboratory of Hormonal Regulation Proteins, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I Timofeev
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiia S Boikova
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia A Dyakova
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kseniia B Ilina
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yurii V Pisarevsky
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Kovalchuk
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow, Russian Federation.,St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
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7
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Isupov MN, Boyko KM, Sutter JM, James P, Sayer C, Schmidt M, Schönheit P, Nikolaeva AY, Stekhanova TN, Mardanov AV, Ravin NV, Bezsudnova EY, Popov VO, Littlechild JA. Corrigendum: Thermostable Branched-Chain Amino Acid Transaminases From the Archaea Geoglobus acetivorans and Archaeoglobus fulgidus: Biochemical and Structural Characterization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:79. [PMID: 31058146 PMCID: PMC6477565 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michail N Isupov
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jan-Moritz Sutter
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul James
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Sayer
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Marcel Schmidt
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Schönheit
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Stekhanova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Mardanov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai V Ravin
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir O Popov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jennifer A Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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8
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Zeifman YS, Boyko KM, Nikolaeva AY, Timofeev VI, Rakitina TV, Popov VO, Bezsudnova EY. Functional characterization of PLP fold type IV transaminase with a mixed type of activity from Haliangium ochraceum. Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom 2019; 1867:575-585. [PMID: 30902765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminases are industrially important enzymes catalyzing the stereoselective amination of ketones and keto acids. Transaminases of PLP fold type IV are characterized by (R)- or (S)-stereoselective transfer of amino groups, depending on the substrate profile of the enzyme. PLP fold type IV transaminases include branched-chain amino acid transaminases (BCATs), D-amino acid transaminases and (R)-amine:pyruvate transaminases. Recently, transaminases with a mixed type of activity were identified and characterized. Here, we report biochemical and structural characterization of a transaminase from myxobacterium Haliangium ochraceum (Hoch3033), which is active towards keto analogs of branched-chain amino acids (specific substrates for BCATs) and (R)-(+)-α-methylbenzylamine (specific substrate for (R)-amine:pyruvate transaminases). The enzyme is characterized by an alkaline pH optimum (pH 10.0-10.5) and a tolerance to high salt concentrations (up to 2 M NaCl). The structure of Hoch3033 was determined at 2.35 Å resolution. The overall fold of the enzyme was similar to those of known enzymes of PLP fold type IV. The mixed type of activity of Hoch3033 was implemented within the BCAT-like active site. However, in the active site of Hoch3033, we observed substitutions of specificity-determining residues that are important for substrate binding in canonical BCATs. We suggest that these changes result in the loss of activity towards α-ketoglutarate and increase the affinity towards (R)-(+)-α-methylbenzylamine. These results complement our knowledge of the catalytic diversity of transaminases and indicate the need for further research to understand the structural basis of substrate specificity in these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia S Zeifman
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I Timofeev
- Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation; FSRC «Crystallography and Photonics» RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 59, 119333 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Rakitina
- Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation; Shemyakin&Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya str. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Yu Bezsudnova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation
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9
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Bezsudnova EY, Boyko KM, Nikolaeva AY, Zeifman YS, Rakitina TV, Suplatov DA, Popov VO. Biochemical and structural insights into PLP fold type IV transaminase from Thermobaculum terrenum. Biochimie 2018; 158:130-138. [PMID: 30599183 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The high catalytic efficiency of enzymes under reaction conditions is one of the main goals in biocatalysis. Despite the dramatic progress in the development of more efficient biocatalysts by protein design, the search for natural enzymes with useful properties remains a promising strategy. The pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminases represent a group of industrially important enzymes due to their ability to stereoselectively transfer amino groups between diverse substrates; however, the complex mechanism of substrate recognition and conversion makes the design of transaminases a challenging task. Here we report a detailed structural and kinetic study of thermostable transaminase from the bacterium Thermobaculum terrenum (TaTT) using the methods of enzyme kinetics, X-ray crystallography and molecular modeling. TaTT can convert L-branched-chain and L-aromatic amino acids as well as (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine at a high rate and with high enantioselectivity. The structures of TaTT in complex with the cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate covalently bound to enzyme and in complex with its reduced form, pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate, were determined at resolutions of 2.19 Å and 1.5 Å, and deposited in the Protein Data Bank as entries 6GKR and 6Q8E, respectively. TaTT is a fold type IV PLP-dependent enzyme. In terms of structural similarity, the enzyme is close to known branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases, but differences in characteristic sequence motifs in the active site were observed in TaTT compared to canonical branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases, which can explain the improved binding of aromatic amino acids and (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine. This study has shown for the first time that high substrate specificity towards both various l-amino acids and (R)-primary amines can be implemented within one pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent active site of fold type IV. These results complement our knowledge of the catalytic diversity of transaminases and indicate the need for further biochemical and bioinformatic studies to understand the sequence-structure-function relationship in these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Yu Bezsudnova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, 119071, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, 119071, Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova Sqr 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova Sqr 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia S Zeifman
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, 119071, Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova Sqr 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Rakitina
- Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova Sqr 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation; Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry A Suplatov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Leninskiye Gory 1-73, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, 119071, Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova Sqr 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
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10
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Petrova TE, Boyko KM, Nikolaeva AY, Stekhanova TN, Gruzdev EV, Mardanov AV, Stroilov VS, Littlechild JA, Popov VO, Bezsudnova EY. Structural characterization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase GACE1337 from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Geoglobus acetivorans. Extremophiles 2018; 22:877-888. [PMID: 30062607 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-018-1044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel type 1 geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase GACE1337 has been identified within the genome of a newly identified hyperthermophilic archaeon Geoglobus acetivorans. The enzyme has been cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme has been biochemically and structurally characterized. It is able to catalyze the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate as a major product and of farnesyl pyrophosphate in smaller amounts, as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at an elevated temperature of 60 °C. Its ability to produce two products is consistent with the fact that GACE1337 is the only short-chain isoprenyl diphosphate synthase in G. acetivorans. Attempts to crystallize the enzyme were successful only at 37 °C. The three-dimensional structure of GACE1337 was determined by X-ray diffraction to 2.5 Å resolution. A comparison of its structure with those of related enzymes revealed that the Geoglobus enzyme has the features of both type I and type III geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthases, which allow it to regulate the product length. The active enzyme is a dimer and has three aromatic amino acids, two Phe, and a Tyr, located in the hydrophobic cleft between the two subunits. It is proposed that these bulky residues play a major role in the synthetic reaction by controlling the product elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E Petrova
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, RAS, Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Vitkevich St., Pushchino, 142290, Russian Federation.
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.,NBICS Center, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr, 1, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana N Stekhanova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Eugeny V Gruzdev
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V Mardanov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor S Stroilov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry (ZIOC RAS), Leninsky Prospekt, 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Jennifer A Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.,NBICS Center, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr, 1, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Yu Bezsudnova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
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11
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Bezsudnova EY, Dibrova DV, Nikolaeva AY, Rakitina TV, Popov VO. Identification of branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases active towards (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine among PLP fold type IV transaminases. J Biotechnol 2018; 271:26-28. [PMID: 29453991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
New class IV transaminases with activity towards L-Leu, which is typical of branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases (BCAT), and with activity towards (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine ((R)-PEA), which is typical of (R)-selective (R)-amine:pyruvate transaminases, were identified by bioinformatics analysis, obtained in recombinant form, and analyzed. The values of catalytic activities in the reaction with L-Leu and (R)-PEA are comparable to those measured for characteristic transaminases with the corresponding specificity. Earlier, (R)-selective class IV transaminases were found to be active, apart from (R)-PEA, only with some other (R)-primary amines and D-amino acids. Sequences encoding new transaminases with mixed type of activity were found by searching for changes in the conserved motifs of sequences of BCAT by different bioinformatics tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Yu Bezsudnova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Daria V Dibrova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Leninskie Gory 1-73, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alena Yu Nikolaeva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana V Rakitina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russian Federation; Kurchatov Complex of NBICS-Technologies, National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Akad. Kurchatova sqr 1, 123182 Moscow, Russian Federation
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