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Siciliano G, Alsadig A, Chiriacò MS, Turco A, Foscarini A, Ferrara F, Gigli G, Primiceri E. Beyond traditional biosensors: Recent advances in gold nanoparticles modified electrodes for biosensing applications. Talanta 2024; 268:125280. [PMID: 37862755 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as powerful tools in the construction of highly sensitive electrochemical biosensors. Their unique properties, such as the ability to serve as an effective platform for biomolecule immobilization and to facilitate electron transfer between the electrode surface and the immobilized molecules, make them a promising choice for biosensor applications. Utilizing AuNPs modified electrodes can lead to improved sensitivity and lower limits of detection compared to unmodified electrodes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements and applications of AuNPs-based electrochemical biosensors in the biomedical field. The synthesis methods of AuNPs, their key properties, and various strategies employed for electrode modification are discussed. Furthermore, this review highlights the remarkable applications of these nanostructure-integrated electrodes, including immunosensors, enzyme biosensors, and DNA biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Siciliano
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Ahmed Alsadig
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Turco
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessia Foscarini
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Foscarini A, Tricarico R, Gentile F, Satam S, Mohr H, Kiss-Toth E, Ranzani GN, Pellegata NS. Tribbles Genes in Gastric Cancer: A Tumor-Suppressive Role for TRIB2. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:26. [PMID: 38254916 PMCID: PMC10815672 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tribbles pseudokinases (TRIB1-3) are important signaling modulators involved in several cancers. However, their function in gastric cancer (GC) remains undefined. GC is still a deadly disease since the lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapy response prediction negatively affects patients' outcome. The identification of novel molecular players may lead to more effective diagnostic and therapeutic avenues. Therefore, we investigated the role of TRIB genes in gastric tumorigenesis. Data mining of the TCGA dataset revealed that chromosomal instability (CIN) tumors have lower TRIB2 and higher TRIB3 expression versus microsatellite instability (MSI)-high tumors, while TRIB1 levels are similar in both tumor types. Moreover, in CIN tumors, low TRIB2 expression is significantly associated with aggressive stage IV disease. As no studies on TRIB2 in GC are available, we focused on this gene for further in vitro analyses. We checked the effect of TRIB2 overexpression (OE) on MKN45 and NCI-N87 CIN GC cell lines. In MKN45 cells, TRIB2 OE reduced proliferation and colony formation ability and induced G2/M arrest, while it decreased the proliferation and cell motility of NCI-N87 cells. These effects were not mediated by the MAPK pathway. Our results suggest a tumor-suppressive function of TRIB2 in GC with a CIN phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Foscarini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Rossella Tricarico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
| | - Federica Gentile
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
| | - Swapna Satam
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Hermine Mohr
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Guglielmina Nadia Ranzani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
| | - Natalia Simona Pellegata
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.F.); (R.T.); (F.G.)
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.S.); (H.M.)
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Gulde S, Foscarini A, April-Monn SL, Genio E, Marangelo A, Satam S, Helbling D, Falconi M, Toledo RA, Schrader J, Perren A, Marinoni I, Pellegata NS. Combined Targeting of Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Elicits Synergistic Antitumor Effects. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225481. [PMID: 36428573 PMCID: PMC9688197 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) are the second most common malignancy of the pancreas. Surgery remains the only curative treatment for localized disease. For patients with inoperable advanced or metastatic disease, few targeted therapies are available, but their efficacy is unpredictable and variable. Exploiting prior knowledge on pathogenetic processes involved in PanNEN tumorigenesis, we tested buparlisib (PI3K inhibitor) and ribociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor), as single agents or in combination, in different preclinical models. First, we used cell lines representative of well-differentiated (INS-1E, NT-3) and poorly differentiated (BON-1) PanNENs. The combination of buparlisib with ribociclib reduced the proliferation of 2D and 3D spheroid cultures more potently than the individual drugs. Buparlisib, but not ribociclib, induced apoptosis. The anti-proliferative activity of the drugs correlated with downstream target inhibition at mRNA and protein levels. We then tested the drugs on primary islet microtissues from a genetic PanNET animal model (Men1-defective mice) and from wild-type mice: the drug combination was effective against the former without altering islet cell physiology. Finally, we treated PanNET patient-derived islet-like 3D tumoroids: the combination of buparlisib with ribociclib was effective in three out of four samples. Combined targeting of PI3K and CDK4/6 is a promising strategy for PanNENs spanning various molecular and histo-pathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Gulde
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alessia Foscarini
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Genio
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marangelo
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Swapna Satam
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Massimo Falconi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Centre, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rodrigo A. Toledo
- CIBERONC, Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Tumors, VHIO, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jörg Schrader
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Klinikum Nordfriesland, 25813 Husum, Germany
| | - Aurel Perren
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Marinoni
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Natalia S. Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-089-31872633; Fax: +49-089-31873360
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Mohr H, Foscarini A, Steiger K, Ballke S, Rischpler C, Schilling F, Pellegata NS. Imaging pheochromocytoma in small animals: preclinical models to improve diagnosis and treatment. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:121. [PMID: 34894301 PMCID: PMC8665914 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs), together referred to as PPGLs, are rare chromaffin cell-derived tumors. They require timely diagnosis as this is the only way to achieve a cure through surgery and because of the potentially serious cardiovascular complications and sometimes life-threatening comorbidities that can occur if left untreated. The biochemical diagnosis of PPGLs has improved over the last decades, and the knowledge of the underlying genetics has dramatically increased. In addition to conventional anatomical imaging by CT and MRI for PPGL detection, new functional imaging modalities have emerged as very useful for patient surveillance and stratification for therapy. The availability of validated and predictive animal models of cancer is essential for translating molecular, imaging and therapy response findings from the bench to the bedside. This is especially true for rare tumors, such as PPGLs, for which access to large cohorts of patients is limited. There are few animal models of PPGLs that have been instrumental in refining imaging modalities for early tumor detection, as well as in identifying and evaluating novel imaging tracers holding promise for the detection and/or treatment of human PPGLs. The in vivo PPGL models mainly include xenografts/allografts generated by engrafting rat or mouse cell lines, as no representative human cell line is available. In addition, there is a model of endogenous PCCs (i.e., MENX rats) that was characterized in our laboratory. In this review, we will summarize the contribution that various representative models of PPGL have given to the visualization of these tumors in vivo and we present an example of a tracer first evaluated in MENX rats, and then translated to the detection of these tumors in human patients. In addition, we will illustrate briefly the potential of ex vivo biological imaging of intact adrenal glands in MENX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermine Mohr
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alessia Foscarini
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Ballke
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Rischpler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Natalia S Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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