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Alatawi KA, Ravishankar D, Patra PH, Bye AP, Stainer AR, Patel K, Widera D, Vaiyapuri S. 1,8-Cineole Affects Agonists-Induced Platelet Activation, Thrombus Formation and Haemostasis. Cells 2021; 10:2616. [PMID: 34685597 PMCID: PMC8533741 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
1,8-cineole, a monoterpenoid is a major component of eucalyptus oil and has been proven to possess numerous beneficial effects in humans. Notably, 1,8-cineole is the primary active ingredient of a clinically approved drug, Soledum® which is being mainly used for the maintenance of sinus and respiratory health. Due to its clinically valuable properties, 1,8-cineole has gained significant scientific interest over the recent years specifically to investigate its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the impact of 1,8-cineole on the modulation of platelet activation, thrombosis and haemostasis was not fully established. Therefore, in this study, we demonstrate the effects of 1,8-cineole on agonists-induced platelet activation, thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions and haemostasis in mice. 1,8-cineole largely inhibits platelet activation stimulated by glycoprotein VI (GPVI) agonists such as collagen and cross-linked collagen-related peptide (CRP-XL), while it displays minimal inhibitory effects on thrombin or ADP-induced platelet aggregation. It inhibited inside-out signalling to integrin αIIbβ3 and outside-in signalling triggered by the same integrin as well as granule secretion and intracellular calcium mobilisation in platelets. 1,8-cineole affected thrombus formation on collagen-coated surface under arterial flow conditions and displayed a minimal effect on haemostasis of mice at a lower concentration of 6.25 µM. Notably, 1,8-cineole was found to be non-toxic to platelets up to 50 µM concentration. The investigation on the molecular mechanisms through which 1,8-cineole inhibits platelet function suggests that this compound affects signalling mediated by various molecules such as AKT, Syk, LAT, and cAMP in platelets. Based on these results, we conclude that 1,8-cineole may act as a potential therapeutic agent to control unwarranted platelet reactivity under various pathophysiological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahdr A. Alatawi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Divyashree Ravishankar
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Pabitra H. Patra
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Alexander P. Bye
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (A.P.B.); (A.R.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Alexander R. Stainer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (A.P.B.); (A.R.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (A.P.B.); (A.R.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Darius Widera
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Sakthivel Vaiyapuri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
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Flora GD, Sahli KA, Sasikumar P, Holbrook LM, Stainer AR, AlOuda SK, Crescente M, Sage T, Unsworth AJ, Gibbins JM. Non-genomic effects of the Pregnane X Receptor negatively regulate platelet functions, thrombosis and haemostasis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17210. [PMID: 31748641 PMCID: PMC6868193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor (NR), involved in the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. Recently, its presence was reported in the human vasculature and its ligands were proposed to exhibit anti-atherosclerotic effects. Since platelets contribute towards the development of atherosclerosis and possess numerous NRs, we investigated the expression of PXR in platelets along with the ability of its ligands to modulate platelet activation. The expression of PXR in human platelets was confirmed using immunoprecipitation analysis. Treatment with PXR ligands was found to inhibit platelet functions stimulated by a range of agonists, with platelet aggregation, granule secretion, adhesion and spreading on fibrinogen all attenuated along with a reduction in thrombus formation (both in vitro and in vivo). The effects of PXR ligands were observed in a species-specific manner, and the human-specific ligand, SR12813, was observed to attenuate thrombus formation in vivo in humanised PXR transgenic mice. PXR ligand-mediated inhibition of platelet function was found to be associated with the inhibition of Src-family kinases (SFKs). This study identifies acute, non-genomic regulatory effects of PXR ligands on platelet function and thrombus formation. In combination with the emerging anti-atherosclerotic properties of PXR ligands, these anti-thrombotic effects may provide additional cardio-protective benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan D Flora
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Khaled A Sahli
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,General Directorate of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvathy Sasikumar
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lisa-Marie Holbrook
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander R Stainer
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Sarah K AlOuda
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Marilena Crescente
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tanya Sage
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Amanda J Unsworth
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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Stainer AR, Sasikumar P, Bye AP, Unsworth AJ, Holbrook LM, Tindall M, Lovegrove JA, Gibbins JM. The Metabolites of the Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin Possess Potent Antithrombotic Activity, and Interact with Aspirin to Enhance Antiplatelet Effects. TH Open 2019; 3:e244-e258. [PMID: 31367693 PMCID: PMC6667742 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1694028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid, has been reported to possess antiplatelet activity. However, its extensive metabolism following ingestion has resulted in difficulty elucidating precise mechanisms of action. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antiplatelet mechanisms of two methylated metabolites of quercetin-isorhamnetin and tamarixetin-and explore potential interactions with aspirin. Isorhamnetin and tamarixetin inhibited human platelet aggregation, and suppressed activatory processes including granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 function, calcium mobilization, and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)/linker for activation of T cells (LAT) phosphorylation downstream of glycoprotein VI with similar potency to quercetin. All three flavonoids attenuated thrombus formation in an in vitro microfluidic model, and isoquercetin, a 3-O-glucoside of quercetin, inhibited thrombosis in a murine laser injury model. Isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, and quercetin enhanced the antiplatelet effects of aspirin more-than-additively in a plate-based aggregometry assay, reducing aspirin IC 50 values by an order of magnitude, with this synergy maintained in a whole blood test of platelet function. Our data provide mechanistic evidence for the antiplatelet activity of two quercetin metabolites, isorhamnetin and tamarixetin, and suggest a potential antithrombotic role for these flavonoids. In combination with their interactions with aspirin, this may represent a novel avenue of investigation for the development of new antithrombotic strategies and management of current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Stainer
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Parvathy Sasikumar
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander P Bye
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J Unsworth
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa M Holbrook
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Tindall
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Bye AP, Unsworth AJ, Vaiyapuri S, Stainer AR, Fry MJ, Gibbins JM. Ibrutinib Inhibits Platelet Integrin αIIbβ3 Outside-In Signaling and Thrombus Stability But Not Adhesion to Collagen. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2326-35. [PMID: 26359510 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ibrutinib is an irreversible Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for treatment of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and mantle cell lymphoma that increases the risk of bleeding among patients. Platelets from ibrutinib-treated patients exhibit deficiencies in collagen-evoked signaling in suspension; however, the significance of this observation and how it relates to bleeding risk is unclear, as platelets encounter immobile collagen in vivo. We sought to clarify the effects of ibrutinib on platelet function to better understand the mechanism underlying bleeding risk. APPROACH AND RESULTS By comparing signaling in suspension and during adhesion to immobilized ligands, we found that the collagen signaling deficiency caused by ibrutinib is milder during adhesion to immobilized collagen. We also found that platelets in whole blood treated with ibrutinib adhered to collagen under arterial shear but formed unstable thrombi, suggesting that the collagen signaling deficiency caused by ibrutinib may not be the predominant cause of bleeding in vivo. However, clot retraction and signaling evoked by platelet adhesion to immobilized fibrinogen were also inhibited by ibrutinib, indicating that integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling is also effected in addition to GPVI signaling. When ibrutinib was combined with the P2Y12 inhibitor, cangrelor, thrombus formation under arterial shear was inhibited additively. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that (1) ibrutinib causes GPVI and integrin αIIbβ3 platelet signaling deficiencies that result in formation of unstable thrombi and may contribute toward bleeding observed in vivo and (2) combining ibrutinib with P2Y12 antagonists, which also inhibit thrombus stability, may have a detrimental effect on hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Bye
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J Unsworth
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Sakthivel Vaiyapuri
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander R Stainer
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Fry
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.
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Vaiyapuri S, Roweth H, Ali MS, Unsworth AJ, Stainer AR, Flora GD, Crescente M, Jones CI, Moraes LA, Gibbins JM. Pharmacological actions of nobiletin in the modulation of platelet function. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:4133-45. [PMID: 25988959 PMCID: PMC4543618 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The discovery that flavonoids are capable of inhibiting platelet function has led to their investigation as potential antithrombotic agents. However, despite the range of studies on the antiplatelet properties of flavonoids, little is known about the mechanisms by which flavonoids inhibit platelet function. In this study, we aimed to explore the pharmacological effects of a polymethoxy flavonoid, nobiletin, in the modulation of platelet function. Experimental Approach The ability of nobiletin to modulate platelet function was explored by using a range of in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches. Aggregation, dense granule secretion and spreading assays were performed using washed platelets. Fibrinogen binding, α-granule secretion and calcium mobilization assays were performed using platelet-rich plasma and whole blood was used in impedance aggregometry and thrombus formation experiments. The effect of nobiletin in vivo was assessed by measuring tail bleeding time using C57BL/6 mice. Key Results Nobiletin was shown to suppress a range of well-established activatory mechanisms, including platelet aggregation, granule secretion, integrin modulation, calcium mobilization and thrombus formation. Nobiletin extended bleeding time in mice and reduced the phosphorylation of PKB (Akt) and PLCγ2 within the collagen receptor (glycoprotein VI)-stimulated pathway, in addition to increasing the levels of cGMP and phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, a protein whose activity is associated with inhibitory cyclic nucleotide signalling. Conclusions and Implications This study provides insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms through which nobiletin modulates haemostasis and thrombus formation. Therefore, nobiletin may represent a potential antithrombotic agent of dietary origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Vaiyapuri
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Harvey Roweth
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Marfoua S Ali
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Amanda J Unsworth
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Alexander R Stainer
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Gagan D Flora
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Marilena Crescente
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Chris I Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Leonardo A Moraes
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Stainer AR, Lovegrove JA, Gibbins JM. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE METABOLITES OF THE DIETARY FLAVONOID QUERCETIN AND HAEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS AND PLATELET FUNCTION. Heart 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306916.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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