Morales-Villar AB, Maldonado-Hernández J, Eduardo Álvarez-Licona N, Piña-Aguero MI, Villalpando-Hernández S, Robledo-Pérez RM, Díaz-Rangel I, Barbosa-Cortés MDL, Núñez-García BA. Determinants of Vitamin D Status in Healthy Young Adults from Mexico City.
Arch Med Res 2024;
55:102968. [PMID:
38368779 DOI:
10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.102968]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. The determinants of this deficiency have not been evaluated in developing countries such as Mexico. Thus, this study aimed to determine vitamin D intake and sun exposure and its relationship with plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D -25(OH)D- in young adults from Mexico City.
METHODS
One hundred fifty five urban adult subjects were enrolled during 2017 and 2018. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical data, vitamin D intake, and sun exposure habits were collected. Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D were also determined.
RESULTS
The proportion of vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in women than in men (65.7 vs. 43.4%, p = 0.012). The overall median dietary vitamin D intake was 112 IU/d (less than 20% of the recommended daily intake; RDI). 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlated directly with vitamin D intake, sun exposure score, waist-to-hip ratio, and age; an inverse significant association was found with body fat percentage. A multiple regression analysis was performed; simultaneous and significant (p <0.01) effects of sun exposure score, dietary vitamin D, the season of the year (spring-summer vs. fall-winter), and age were observed on 25(OH)D levels.
CONCLUSION
High rates of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were observed in young adults from Mexico City. According to the RDI of this vitamin, its consumption, assessed by a 24 h multi-step nutritional questionnaire, was significantly low. A linear multiple regression model identified several predictors of plasma 25(OH)D concentrations. This multiple regression model was statistically validated.
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