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da Silva CR, Rebouças JDDO, Cabral VPDF, Rodrigues DS, Barbosa AD, Moreira LEA, Barroso FDD, Coutinho TDNP, de Lima EA, de Andrade CR, de Andrade Neto JB, Lima ISP, Nobre Júnior HV, Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá L. Promising activity of etomidate against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38385528 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus are recognized for their development of resistance and biofilm formation. New therapeutic alternatives are necessary in this context.Hypothesis. Etomidate shows potential application in catheters against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).Aim. The present study aimed to evaluate the activity of etomidate against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and MRSA.Methodology. The action of etomidate against mature biofilms was verified through the evaluation of biomass and cell viability, and its ability to prevent biofilm formation in peripheral venous catheters was determined based on counts of colony forming units (c.f.u.) and confirmed by morphological analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results. Etomidate generated a reduction (P<0.05) in biomass and cell viability starting from a concentration of 250 µg ml-1. In addition, it showed significant ability to prevent the formation of mixed biofilms in a peripheral venous catheter, as shown by a reduction in c.f.u. SEM revealed that treatment with etomidate caused substantial damage to the fungal cells.Conclusion. The results showed the potential of etomidate against polymicrobial biofilms of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Rocha da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fátima Daiana Dias Barroso
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Elaine Aires de Lima
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Iri Sandro Pampolha Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Barbalha, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Stefany Aires do Nascimento FB, do Amaral Valente Sá LG, de Andrade Neto JB, da Silva LJ, Rodrigues DS, de Farias Cabral VP, Barbosa AD, Almeida Moreira LE, Braga Vasconcelos CR, Cavalcanti BC, França Rios ME, Silva J, Marinho ES, Dos Santos HS, de Mesquita JR, Pinto Lobo MD, de Moraes MO, Nobre Júnior HV, da Silva CR. Antimicrobial activity of hydralazine against methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:91-106. [PMID: 38294293 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen responsible for high mortality rates. The development of new antimicrobials is urgent. Materials & methods: The authors evaluated the activity of hydralazine along with its synergism with other drugs and action on biofilms. With regard to action mechanisms, the authors evaluated cell viability, DNA damage and molecular docking. Results: MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration values ranged from 128 to 2048 μg/ml. There was synergism with oxacillin (50%) and vancomycin (25%). Hydralazine reduced the viability of biofilms by 50%. After exposure to hydralazine 2× MIC, 58.78% of the cells were unviable, 62.07% were TUNEL positive and 27.03% presented damage in the comet assay (p < 0.05). Hydralazine showed affinity for DNA gyrase and TyrRS. Conclusion: Hydralazine is a potential antibacterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca B Stefany Aires do Nascimento
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, 60190-180, Brazil
| | - João B de Andrade Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, 60190-180, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Vitória P de Farias Cabral
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Lara E Almeida Moreira
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Camille R Braga Vasconcelos
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Maria E França Rios
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Jacilene Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry & Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, 62930-000, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry & Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, 62930-000, Brazil
| | - Helcio Silva Dos Santos
- Science & Technology Centre, Course of Chemistry, State University Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, CE, 62010-560, Brazil
| | - Jacó Rl de Mesquita
- St. Joseph Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-610, Brazil
| | | | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Hélio V Nobre Júnior
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-372, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-275, Brazil
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da Silva CR, do Amaral Valente Sá LG, Ferreira TL, Leitão AC, de Farias Cabral VP, Rodrigues DS, Barbosa AD, Moreira LEA, Filho HLP, de Andrade Neto JB, Rios MEF, Cavalcanti BC, Magalhães HIF, de Moraes MO, Vitoriano Nobre H. Antifungal activity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors against Cryptococcus spp. and their possible mechanism of action. J Mycol Med 2023; 33:101431. [PMID: 37666030 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections caused by Cryptococcus spp. pose a threat to health, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The available arsenal of drugs against cryptococcosis is limited, due to their toxicity and/or lack of accessibility in low-income countries, requiring more therapeutic alternatives. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), through drug repositioning, are a promising alternative to broaden the range of new antifungals against Cryptococcus spp. This study evaluates the antifungal activity of three SSRIs, sertraline, paroxetine, and fluoxetine, against Cryptococcus spp. strains, as well as assesses their possible mechanism of action. Seven strains of Cryptococcus spp. were used. Sensitivity to SSRIs, fluconazole, and itraconazole was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay. The interactions resulting from combinations of SSRIs and azoles were investigated using the checkerboard assay. The possible action mechanism of SSRIs against Cryptococcus spp. was evaluated through flow cytometry assays. The SSRIs exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against Cryptococcus spp. strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 2 to 32 μg/mL, and had synergistic and additive interactions with azoles. The mechanism of action of SSRIs against Cryptococcus spp. involved damage to the mitochondrial membrane and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species, resulting in loss of cellular viability and apoptotic cell death. Fluoxetine also was able to cause significant damage to yeast DNA. These findings demonstrate the in vitro antifungal potential of SSRIs against Cryptococcus spp. strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Livia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Thais Lima Ferreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Amanda Cavalcante Leitão
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Hugo Leonardo Pereira Filho
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti
- Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Center for Research and Development of Medicines, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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4
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da Silva CR, Silveira MJCB, Soares GC, de Andrade CR, Cabral VPDF, Sá LGDAV, Rodrigues DS, Moreira LEA, Barbosa AD, da Silva LJ, da Silva AR, Gomes AOCV, Cavalcanti BC, de Moraes MO, Nobre Júnior HV, de Andrade Neto JB. Analysis of possible pathways on the mechanism of action of minocycline and doxycycline against strains of Candida spp. resistant to fluconazole. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 37801011 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Candida, characterized as commensals of the human microbiota, are opportunistic pathogens capable of generating various types of infections with high associated costs. Considering the limited pharmacological arsenal and the emergence of antifungal-resistant strains, the repositioning of drugs is a strategy used to search for new therapeutic alternatives, in which minocycline and doxycycline have been evaluated as potential candidates. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of two tetracyclines, minocycline and doxycycline, and their possible mechanism of action against fluconazole-resistant strains of Candida spp. The sensitivity test for antimicrobials was performed using the broth microdilution technique, and the pharmacological interaction with fluconazole was also analysed using the checkerboard method. To analyse the possible mechanisms of action, flow cytometry assays were performed. The minimum inhibitory concentration obtained was 4-427 µg ml-1 for minocycline and 128-512 µg ml-1 for doxycycline, and mostly indifferent and additive interactions with fluconazole were observed. These tetracyclines were found to promote cellular alterations that generated death by apoptosis, with concentration-dependent reactive oxygen species production and reduced cell viability. Therefore, minocycline and doxycycline present themselves as promising study molecules against Candida spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Rocha da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Janielly Castelo Branco Silveira
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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5
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Leitão AC, Ferreira TL, Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá L, Rodrigues DS, de Souza BO, Barbosa AD, Moreira LEA, de Andrade Neto JB, Cabral VPDF, Rios MEF, Cavalcanti BC, Silva J, Marinho ES, Dos Santos HS, de Moraes MO, Júnior HVN, da Silva CR. Antibacterial activity of menadione alone and in combination with oxacillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its impact on biofilms. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 37707372 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to public health, particularly with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being a leading cause of antimicrobial resistance. To combat this problem, drug repurposing offers a promising solution for the discovery of new antibacterial agents.Hypothesis. Menadione exhibits antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, both alone and in combination with oxacillin. Its primary mechanism of action involves inducing oxidative stress.Methodology. Sensitivity assays were performed using broth microdilution. The interaction between menadione, oxacillin, and antioxidants was assessed using checkerboard technique. Mechanism of action was evaluated using flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and in silico analysis.Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial potential of menadione against planktonic and biofilm forms of methicillin-sensitive and resistant S. aureus strains. It also examined its role as a modulator of oxacillin activity and investigated the mechanism of action involved in its activity.Results. Menadione showed antibacterial activity against planktonic cells at concentrations ranging from 2 to 32 µg ml-1, with bacteriostatic action. When combined with oxacillin, it exhibited an additive and synergistic effect against the tested strains. Menadione also demonstrated antibiofilm activity at subinhibitory concentrations and effectively combated biofilms with reduced sensitivity to oxacillin alone. Its mechanism of action involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage. It also showed interactions with important targets, such as DNA gyrase and dehydroesqualene synthase. The presence of ascorbic acid reversed its effects.Conclusion. Menadione exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against MRSA strains, suggesting its potential as an adjunct in the treatment of S. aureus infections. The main mechanism of action involves the production of ROS, which subsequently leads to DNA damage. Additionally, the activity of menadione can be complemented by its interaction with important virulence targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cavalcante Leitão
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Thais Lima Ferreira
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jacilene Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Group (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Department of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Group (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélcio Silva Dos Santos
- Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Acaraú Valley State University, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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6
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Rodrigues DS, Cabral VPDF, Barbosa AD, Sá LGDAV, Moreira LEA, de Andrade Neto JB, da Silva CR, de Moraes MO, Silva J, Marinho ES, Dos Santos HS, da Costa ÉRM, Silveira MJCB, E Silva LH, Nobre Júnior HV. Sertraline has in vitro activity against both mature and forming biofilms of different Candida species. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 36762524 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida spp. infections are a serious health problem, especially in patients with risk factors. The acquisition of resistance, often associated with biofilm production, makes treatment more difficult due to the reduced effectiveness of available antifungals. Drug repurposing is a good alternative for the treatment of infections by Candida spp. biofilms. The present study evaluated the in vitro antibiofilm activity of sertraline in reducing the cell viability of forming and matured biofilms, in addition to elucidating whether effective concentrations are safe. Sertraline reduced biofilm cell viability by more than 80 % for all Candida species tested, acting at low and safe concentrations, both on mature biofilm and in preventing its formation, even the one with highest virulence. Its preventive mechanism seemed to be related to binding with ALS3. These data indicate that sertraline is a promising drug with anticandidal biofilm potential in safe doses. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the antibiofilm mechanism and possible application of pharmaceutical forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jacilene Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Helcio Silva Dos Santos
- Science and Technology Centre, Course of Chemistry, State University Vale do Acaraú, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Érica Rayanne Mota da Costa
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Holanda E Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Drug Research and Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá L, da Silva CR, Neto JBDA, do Nascimento FBSA, Barroso FDD, da Silva LJ, Cabral VPDF, Barbosa AD, Silva J, Marinho ES, de Moraes MO, Rios MEF, Cavalcanti BC, Lima ISP, Júnior HVN. Antifungal activity of etomidate against growing biofilms of fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. strains, binding to mannoproteins and molecular docking with the ALS3 protein. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:1221-1227. [PMID: 32894212 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of etomidate against biofilms of Candida spp. and analysed through molecular docking the interaction of this drug with ALS3, an important protein for fungal adhesion. Three fluconazole-resistant fungi were used: Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis. Growing biofilms were exposed to etomidate at 31.25-500 µg ml-1. Then, an ALS3 adhesive protein from C. albicans was analysed through a molecular mapping technique, composed of a sequence of algorithms to perform molecular mapping simulation based on classic force field theory. Etomidate showed antifungal activity against growing biofilms of resistant C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis at all concentrations used in the study. The etomidate coupling analysis revealed three interactions with the residues of interest compared to hepta-threonine, which remained at the ALS3 site. In addition, etomidate decreased the expression of mannoproteins on the surface of C. albicans. These results revealed that etomidate inhibited the growth of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - João Batista de Andrade Neto
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires do Nascimento
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Fátima Daiana Dias Barroso
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Jacilene Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, 62930-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Department of Chemistry, Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, 62930-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | - Iri Sandro Pampolha Lima
- Departament of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Barbalha, 63048-080, CE, Brazil
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8
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Lima CAD, Javorski NR, Souza APO, Barbosa AD, Valença APMC, Crovella S, Souza PRE, De Azevedo Silva J, Sandrin-Garcia P. Polymorphisms in key bone modulator cytokines genes influence bisphosphonates therapy in postmenopausal women. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 25:191-201. [PMID: 28220389 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial and debilitating disease resulting from decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and loss of tissue microarchitecture. Ineffective therapies may lead to bone fractures and subsequent death. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key immune regulator genes have been associated with therapeutic response to bisphosphonates, which are the first therapeutic line of choice for osteoporosis. However, cytokine pathways and their relation with therapeutic adhesion remain to be fully elucidated. Aimed at better understanding these processes, we investigated the response to bisphosphonate therapy in postmenopausal women and four SNPs in key proinflammatory cytokines genes: IL23R +2284 (C>A) (rs10889677), IL17A +672 (G>A) (rs7747909), IL12B +1188 (T>G) (rs3212227) and INF-γ -1616 (G>A) (rs2069705). A total of 69 patients treated with bisphosphonate were followed for a period of 1 up to 4 years, genotyped and compared according to their changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and level of biochemical markers during their treatment. The INF-γ -1616 G/G associated with increased BMD values in femoral neck (GG/AA, p = 0.016) and decreased BMD values in total hip (GG/GA, p = 0.019; GG/AA, p = 0.011). In relation to biochemical markers, INF-γ -1616 SNP associated with increased alkaline phosphatase (GG/AA; p < 0.0001) and parathyroid hormone levels (AA/GA; p = 0.017). Vitamin D values changes were related to IL17A +672 (GG/GA, p = 0.034) and to IL12B +1188 (TT/TG, p = 0.046) SNPs. Besides, significant differences in changes of calcium levels correlated with IL23R +2284 (CC/CA, p = 0.016) genotypes. Altogether, we suggest that these polymorphisms may play an important role for therapeutic decisions in osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A D Lima
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - N R Javorski
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - A P O Souza
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - A D Barbosa
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.,Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - A P M C Valença
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - S Crovella
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - P R E Souza
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - J De Azevedo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - P Sandrin-Garcia
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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9
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Abstract
Our recent study demonstrated that neurosteroids might either facilitate or block chronic tolerance to the incoordinating effects of ethanol. The present study investigated the effects of neurosteroids on the development of rapid tolerance to ethanol-induced motor impairment using the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dizocilpine [(+)-MK-801] or the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABA(A)) receptor agonist muscimol. Male Swiss mice were pretreated with pregnenolone sulfate (0.03 to 0.15 mg/kg) or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (0.05 to 0.20 mg/kg) before administration of ethanol (1.9 or 2.25 g/kg) and tested with the rota-rod apparatus. Twenty-four hours later, all animals were re-tested with the rota-rod after receiving the same dose of ethanol. Pretreatment with pregnenolone sulfate or with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate significantly facilitated the acquisition of tolerance. However, the administration of (+)-MK-801 reversed the stimulatory action of pregnenolone sulfate but did not affect the actions of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate on ethanol tolerance. Pretreatment with pregnenolone sulfate or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate prevented the inhibitory action of muscimol on tolerance development. Taken together, our results suggest that neurosteroids may stimulate the development of rapid tolerance to ethanol and that GABA(A) and NMDA receptor systems may be involved in these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Barbosa
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rua Ferreira Lima 82, 88015-420 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To present a case of acute appendicitis in a premature infant. METHODS: Retrospective review of the literature using Medline and Lilacs databases, as well as the necropsy report. CLINICAL REPORT: A white male preterm infant born at 34 weeks of gestation weighing 1,750g to a primiparous mother. The Apgar score was 4 and 8 at 1st and 5th minutes, respectively. The physical exam was normal until the 9th day of life when the child developed clinical features suggestive of acute abdomen, possibly due to necrotizing enterocolitis with perforation. He was submitted to exploratory laparotomy, which leaded to the diagnostic of acute appendicitis. CONCLUSION: Acute appendicitis must be discarded on the differential diagnostic when there is a suspicion of necrotizing enterocolitis with perforation, and risk factors are not present.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Barbosa
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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11
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of neurosteroids on the development of tolerance to ethanol. Male Swiss mice were injected daily with the positive allosteric modulator of the gamma amino butyric acid-A (GABA(A)) receptor epipregnanolone (5beta-pregnan-3beta-ol-20-one; 0.15 mg/kg i.p.) or pregnenolone sulfate (5-pregnen-3beta-ol-20-one sulfate sodium; 0.08 mg/kg i.p.) - considered a negative allosteric modulator of this receptor and/or positive allosteric modulator of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor - 30 min before ethanol (2.5 g/kg i.p.). They were tested on the rota-rod apparatus, under continuous acceleration (1rpm/s), at 30, 60 and 90 min after ethanol injections for 5 days. The results showed that tolerance to the motor incoordinating effect of ethanol occurred on the fifth day of treatment when this effect was blocked by pretreatment with epipregnanolone. On the other hand, ethanol tolerance was enhanced by pretreatment with pregnenolone sulfate from the second to the fifth days of treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that neurosteroids can either stimulate or block the development of chronic tolerance to ethanol. Moreover, since neurosteroids can interact with GABA(A) or NMDA receptor systems, our results suggest the involvement of these systems in the actions of neurosteroids upon ethanol tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Barbosa
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rua Ferreira Lima 82, 88015-420, SC, Florianópolis, Brazil
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12
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Abstract
Antigen from Yersinia pestis was adsorbed on cellulose acetate discs (0.5 cm of diameter) which were obtained from dialysis membrane by using a paper punch. ELISA for human plague diagnosis was carried out employing this matrix and was capable to detect amount of 1.3 microg of antigen, 3,200 times diluted positive serum using human anti-IgG conjugate diluted 1:4,000. No relevant antigen lixiviation from the cellulose acetate was observed even after washing the discs 15 times. The discs were impregnated by the coloured products from the ELISA development allowing its use in dot-ELISA. Furthermore, cellulose acetate showed a better performance than the conventional PVC plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Barbosa
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami and Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brasil
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Barbosa AD, Kopelman BI, Amancio OM, Patricio FR. [Effect of malnutrition and chronic use of nicotine during pregnancy on lung phospholipid concentration in neonate rats]. J Pediatr (Rio J) 1999; 75:267-70. [PMID: 14685528 DOI: 10.2223/jped.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether lung phospholipid concentration is affected in neonate rats "Wistar EPM-1" following a continuous 21-day gestational exposure to nicotine. METHODS: Eighty rats "Wistar EPM-1" were randomly divided in four control (diet free and water "ad libitum") groups (10 rats each): 1 - Control, 2 - Physiologic Solution (infused with 0.15ml of NaCl 0.9%), 3 - Nicotine 1 (infused with 900 micro g/kg/day of nicotine bitartrate 95%), and 4 - Nicotine 2 (infused with 2.700 micro g/kg/day of nicotine bitartrate 95%), and four undernourished (diet 13g/day and water ad libitum) groups (10 rats each), that received the same kind of treatment as the control groups. The infusion of nicotine was subcutaneous. The offspring were divided in eight groups according to their origin. RESULTS: A significant high lung phospholipid concentration was observed in the non-undernourished nicotized group which was injected with a high dose of nicotine. In the other groups, there was no alteration in that concentration. CONCLUSION: We conclude that gestational exposure to nicotine increases lung phospholipid concentration in neonate rats, and that the nutritional state also influences this lung phospholipid concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Barbosa
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Barbosa AD, Kopelman BI, Amancio OM, Patricio FR. [Tissue weight and histologic alterations in pregnant rats submitted to malnutrition and chronic nicotine distress, and in their neonates]. J Pediatr (Rio J) 1995; 71:145-50. [PMID: 14689012 DOI: 10.2223/jped.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of a gestational exposure of 80 rats Wistar EPM-1 to nicotine and undernutrition was examined. The weight and histological alterations on the liver and lungs was evaluated on the rats and their offspring. A significantly lower weight gain, including liver and lung weight, was observed in nicotine exposed groups. There was no alteration of the placental weight. Decidual necrosis and hepatic congestion was frequent in the rats. Lung emphysema was found in the neonates.
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