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Poolsawat N, Sangchuai S, Jaroensak T, Watthanadirek-Wijidwong A, Srionrod N, Minsakorn S, Tazawa K, Anuracpreeda P. Molecular occurrence and genetic diversity of Ehrlichia canis in naturally infected dogs from Thailand. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20394. [PMID: 37989840 PMCID: PMC10663595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is cause by Ehrlichia canis resulting in hematologic disorders and severe clinical signs. The aim of this study was to scrutinize the molecular detection and genetic diversity of E. canis based on the trp36 gene in dogs from Thailand's northern and central regions. A total of 120 dogs blood samples were amplified for trp36 gene of E. canis using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Forty-seven out of 120 dog blood samples (39.16%, 47/120) were positive for E. canis the trp36 DNA with 790 bp of PCR amplicon size. The factor significantly associated with E. canis infection is animal housing status (p < 0.05). Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that E. canis trp36 gene of Thailand isolates was clustered into 1st clade with similarity ranging from 95.65 to 100% together with the US genogroup. The 14 haplotypes of the trp36 gene shown in TCS network exhibited that haplotype #1-4 was found in Thailand. The entropy analysis of the trp36 gene illustrated 751 polymorphic sites and 271 entropy peaks of nucleic and amino acid sequences, respectively. Hence, these findings are crucial for better understanding the epidemiology of Ehrlichia infection and could be helpful for implementing control measures in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napassorn Poolsawat
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Siriphan Sangchuai
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Tassanee Jaroensak
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Amaya Watthanadirek-Wijidwong
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Nitipon Srionrod
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sutthida Minsakorn
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Keiichiro Tazawa
- Worldwide Veterinary Service Thailand, Hang Dong, Chiang Mai, 50230, Thailand
| | - Panat Anuracpreeda
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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Poolsawat N, Nooroong P, Junsiri W, Watthanadirek-Wijidwong A, Srionrod N, Sangchuai S, Minsakorn S, Tazawa K, Anuracpreeda P. Ehrlichia canis: Molecular characterization and genetic diversity based on the p28 and trp36 genes. Res Vet Sci 2023; 155:88-102. [PMID: 36657265 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ehrlichia canis is a common tick-borne intracellular pathogen causing canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) in dogs worldwide. The aims of this study were to investigate the genetic diversity and antigenicity of E. canis based on the p28 and trp36 genes in dogs in Thailand. The E. canis p28 and trp36 genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned for sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. 36% (44/120) of dog blood samples were positive for E. canis DNA consisting of p28 (31%, 14/44) and trp36 (69%, 30/44) genes with 792 and 882 bp of PCR products size, respectively. The E. canis TRP36 from all Thailand sequences exhibited encoded nine amino acids (TEDSVSAPA) with 11 copies of tandem repeats along the sequences. The phylogenetic trees of E. canis, using the p28 and trp36 genes, exhibited that the Thailand isolates fell into two clades and one clade with similarity ranging from 55.95 to 100% and 100%, respectively. The results of diversity analysis revealed 10 and 20 haplotypes of the p28 and trp 36 genes, respectively. The entropy analysis of the p28 and trp36 nucleic acid sequences showed 442 and 1321 high entropy peaks respectively, whereas those of the P28 and TRP36 amino acid sequences showed 477 and 388 high entropy peaks, respectively. For B-cell epitopes analysis, the conserved amino acid of P28 and TRP36 sequences has been also demonstrated. Therefore, the results could be utilized to improve the understanding of phylogenetic relationship, genetic diversity and antigenicity of E. canis Thailand isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napassorn Poolsawat
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Pornpiroon Nooroong
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Witchuta Junsiri
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Amaya Watthanadirek-Wijidwong
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Nitipon Srionrod
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Siriphan Sangchuai
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Sutthida Minsakorn
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Keiichiro Tazawa
- Worldwide Veterinary Service Thailand, Hang Dong, Chiang Mai 50230, Thailand
| | - Panat Anuracpreeda
- Parasitology Research Laboratory (PRL), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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