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Morais CM, Cardoso AM, Araújo ARD, Reis A, Domingues P, Domingues MRM, de Lima MCP, Jurado AS. Stearoyl CoA Desaturase-1 Silencing in Glioblastoma Cells: Phospholipid Remodeling and Cytotoxicity Enhanced upon Autophagy Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13014. [PMID: 36361811 PMCID: PMC9654881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of lipid metabolism is a well-established cancer hallmark, and SCD1 has been recognized as a key enzyme in promoting cancer cell growth, including in glioblastoma (GBM), the deadliest brain tumor and a paradigm of cancer resistance. The central goal of this work was to identify, by MS, the phospholipidome alterations resulting from the silencing of SCD1 in human GBM cells, in order to implement an innovative therapy to fight GBM cell resistance. With this purpose, RNAi technology was employed, and low serum-containing medium was used to mimic nutrient deficiency conditions, at which SCD1 is overexpressed. Besides the expected increase in the saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio in SCD1 silenced-GBM cells, a striking increase in polyunsaturated chains, particularly in phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin species, was noticed and tentatively correlated with an increase in autophagy (evidenced by the increase in LC3BII/I ratio). The contribution of autophagy to mitigate the impact of SCD1 silencing on GBM cell viability and growth, whose modest inhibition could be correlated with the maintenance of energetically associated mitochondria, was evidenced by using autophagy inhibitors. In conclusion, SCD1 silencing could constitute an important tool to halt GBM resistance to the available treatments, especially when coupled with a mitochondria disrupter chemotherapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina M. Morais
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC—Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIIB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, IIIUC—Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Cardoso
- CNC—Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIIB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, IIIUC—Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita D. Araújo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Reis
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário M. Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria C. Pedroso de Lima
- CNC—Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIIB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, IIIUC—Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amália S. Jurado
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC—Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIIB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, IIIUC—Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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Araújo ARD, Melo T, Maciel EA, Pereira C, Morais CM, Santinha DR, Tavares JF, Oliveira H, Jurado AS, Costa V, Domingues P, Domingues MRM, Santos MAS. Errors in protein synthesis increase the level of saturated fatty acids and affect the overall lipid profiles of yeast. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202402. [PMID: 30148852 PMCID: PMC6110467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of protein synthesis errors (mistranslation) above the typical mean mistranslation level of 10−4 is mostly deleterious to yeast, zebrafish and mammal cells. Previous yeast studies have shown that mistranslation affects fitness and deregulates genes related to lipid metabolism, but there is no experimental proof that such errors alter yeast lipid profiles. We engineered yeast strains to misincorporate serine at alanine and glycine sites on a global scale and evaluated the putative effects on the lipidome. Lipids from whole cells were extracted and analysed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) and gas chromatography (GC). Oxidative damage, fatty acid desaturation and membrane fluidity changes were screened to identify putative alterations in lipid profiles in both logarithmic (fermentative) and post-diauxic shift (respiratory) phases. There were alterations in several lipid classes, namely lyso-phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, and triglyceride, and in the fatty acid profiles, namely C16:1, C16:0, C18:1 and C18:0. Overall, the relative content of lipid species with saturated FA increased in detriment of those with unsaturated fatty acids. The expression of the OLE1 mRNA was deregulated, but phospholipid fluidity changes were not observed. These data expand current knowledge of mistranslation biology and highlight its putative roles in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita D. Araújo
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine–iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elisabete A. Maciel
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Clara Pereira
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina M. Morais
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Deolinda R. Santinha
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana F. Tavares
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine–iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Cytomics, Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amália S. Jurado
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário M. Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- * E-mail: (MASS); (MRMD)
| | - Manuel A. S. Santos
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine–iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- * E-mail: (MASS); (MRMD)
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