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Ruiz-Fernández MD, Alcaraz-Córdoba A, Hernández-Padilla JM, Ibáñez-Masero O, García-Navarro EB, Ortega-Galán ÁM. Compassion in health professionals: Development and validation of the Capacity for Compassion Scale. J Adv Nurs 2023. [PMID: 38012821 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health professionals witness pain and suffering when they care for sick people and their families. Compassion is a necessary quality in their work as it combines the will to help, alleviate suffering and promote the well-being of both the people they are attending and the professionals themselves. The aim of the study was to design and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Capacity for Compassion Scale (CCS). DESIGN A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale (reliability, temporal stability, content validity, criterion validity and construct validity). METHODS The study was carried out in two phases: pilot study and final validation. The data were collected between April and May 2022. The sample was selected by convenience sampling and was made up of a total of 264 participants, 59 in the pilot phase and 205 in the final validation. RESULTS The Capacity for Compassion Scale has been shown to have good psychometric properties in relation to reliability, temporal stability, and content, criterion, and construct validity. Factor analysis showed that there were four subdimensions of the scale: motivation/commitment, presence, shared humanity and self-compassion. The results also indicate that compassionate ability is significantly correlated with age and work experience. CONCLUSIONS The Capacity for Compassion Scale shows adequate psychometric properties. This instrument measures the compassion capacity of health professionals, which is a valuable discovery for new lines of research in this field. IMPACT Through this scale, low levels of capacity for compassion can be detected that negatively influence the quality of care provided by health professionals. The Capacity for Compassion Scale can therefore contribute to the identification of needs and promote training around compassion for health professionals. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution. WHAT PROBLEM DID THE STUDY ADDRESS?: Compassion in health professionals has positive effects on improving the quality of care, the satisfaction of professionals and the work environment. There are compassion cultivation programmes whose validity has been proven for the development of the dimensions of compassion. There is no specific instrument that measures capacity for compassion in healthcare professionals. WHAT WERE THE MAIN FINDINGS?: A scale is designed to measure capacity for compassion in health professionals. This is the only such scale available up until now. The scale measures four dimensions of compassion: motivation/commitment, presence, shared humanity and self-compassion. WHERE AND ON WHOM WILL THE RESEARCH HAVE AN IMPACT?: The development of specific programmes that can increase the compassion of health professionals with all the benefits that this can bring to health care is encouraged. It will be possible to analyse the effects of training programmes on the cultivation of compassion.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
| | - Andrea Alcaraz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - José Manuel Hernández-Padilla
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
- Adult, Child and Midwifery Department, School of Health and Education, Middlesex University, London, UK
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Ventura-Miranda MI, Alcaraz-Córdoba A, Alcaraz-Córdoba T, Molina-Torres G, Fernandez-Medina IM, Ruíz-Fernández MD. Adolescents' Perceptions of Sexuality: A Qualitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2757. [PMID: 37893831 PMCID: PMC10606393 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents have a greater risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which is a serious public health problem. Education is an effective strategy to improve adolescent sexual health outcomes. However, Spanish adolescents have a lack of sex education. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions and opinions of a sample of adolescents regarding sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Photovoice is a research method that uses the search for images of everyday events with the intention of bringing about social change. An exploratory, descriptive design was used with a qualitative approach based on the Photovoice methodology. The sample consisted of 26 high school and baccalaureate students of Almería (Spain) selected through a convenience sample. The age of the participants ranged from 14 to 17 years, with a mean age of 15.31 years. Two main categories were extracted from the data analysis: 'Towards a culture of preventing STIs and promoting healthy sexual practices' and 'Adolescents' needs from their perspective'. In conclusion, numerous changes take place at the biopsychosocial level during adolescence that imply a need to explore their sexuality in depth. A lack of knowledge and a carefree attitude during sexual initiation can increase the risk of developing STIs. The study's adolescents stated that they do not have adequate sex education to acquire sufficient knowledge about sexuality and sexual health, and therefore, request that the traditional format be modified in order to achieve better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Ventura-Miranda
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.I.V.-M.); (T.A.-C.); (G.M.-T.); (I.M.F.-M.); (M.D.R.-F.)
| | - Andrea Alcaraz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.I.V.-M.); (T.A.-C.); (G.M.-T.); (I.M.F.-M.); (M.D.R.-F.)
- Distrito Sanitario Almería, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, 04009 Almería, Spain
| | - Tania Alcaraz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.I.V.-M.); (T.A.-C.); (G.M.-T.); (I.M.F.-M.); (M.D.R.-F.)
- Distrito Sanitario Almería, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, 04009 Almería, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Molina-Torres
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.I.V.-M.); (T.A.-C.); (G.M.-T.); (I.M.F.-M.); (M.D.R.-F.)
| | - Isabel María Fernandez-Medina
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.I.V.-M.); (T.A.-C.); (G.M.-T.); (I.M.F.-M.); (M.D.R.-F.)
| | - María Dolores Ruíz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.I.V.-M.); (T.A.-C.); (G.M.-T.); (I.M.F.-M.); (M.D.R.-F.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
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Ruiz-Fernández MD, Ortiz-Amo R, Alcaraz-Córdoba A, Rodríguez-Bonilla HA, Hernández-Padilla JM, Fernández-Medina IM, Ventura-Miranda MI. Attention Given to Victims of Gender Violence from the Perspective of Nurses: A Qualitative Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12925. [PMID: 36232230 PMCID: PMC9564834 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Women victims of gender violence consider the health system an appropriate place to seek help. Aims and Objectives: to describe and understand how nurses perceive gender-based violence in health care for women victims of gender-based violence. Qualitative descriptive study. The recommendations of the COREQ guide for qualitative research reporting were followed. Sixteen nurses who were working in different health services, both primary and specialized care, were selected to take part in the study. Three focus groups and a semi-structured interview were conducted. The ATLAS.ti 9 computer programme was used. The nurses highlighted that when caring for women who are victims of gender violence, they encounter two types of violence: invisible or latent, and visible or patent. Part of the nurses' role is based on the skill of knowing how to act and being trained to do so. In addition, there are certain controversies around the concept and origin of violence. On the one hand, they refer to gender violence as a universal phenomenon with strong cultural and educational roots, and, on the other hand, it is difficult to characterize. The findings report how nurses play a fundamental role in caring for victims of gender-based violence, but they encounter certain difficulties regarding this concept. It is therefore essential to continuously train and educate nurses on gender-based violence. Gender violence should be a competency in nursing curricula. Health systems must offer training and awareness programmes that teach nurses to detect and make decisions regarding female victims of gender violence. It is also necessary to set up spaces in the different services so that the nurses can attend to the victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 3580000, Chile
| | - Rocío Ortiz-Amo
- Area of Social Work and Social Services, Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Andrea Alcaraz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Hernández-Padilla
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Adult, Child and Midwifery Department, School of Health and Education, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK
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Ruiz-Fernández MD, Alcaraz-Córdoba A, López-Rodríguez MM, Fernández-Sola C, Granero-Molina J, Hernández-Padilla JM. The effect of home visit simulation on emotional intelligence, self-efficacy, empowerment, and stress in nursing students. A single group pre-post intervention study. Nurse Educ Today 2022; 117:105487. [PMID: 35926341 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical simulation, the teaching methodology used in the Nursing Degree, helps students to acquire certain skills. Home visiting is a complex scenario in community care that requires certain critical skills in order to function successfully. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the improvement of self-efficacy, empowerment, management of emotions and perceived stress of nursing students through clinical simulation during home visits. DESIGN A quasi-experimental study was carried out. PARTICIPANTS A sample of Students of the 2nd year of the Nursing Degree. METHODS A high-fidelity simulation programme was implemented in two sessions. The variables that were measured were: self-efficacy (General Self-efficacy Scale), empowerment (Spreitzer Psychological Empowerment Scale), emotional intelligence (Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24), and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale). RESULTS 170 students with a mean age of 22.2 years took part. An increase in general self-efficacy, self-determination, impact, empowerment (total score), and emotional clarity was observed after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Clinical simulation as a teaching methodology allows the development of skills and competencies that are necessary for nursing students to be able to function in community settings such as home care. Therefore, this teaching methodology should be integrated into University Community Nursing training programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Alcaraz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | | | | | - Jose Granero-Molina
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
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Ortega-Galán ÁM, Ruiz-Fernández MD, Alcaraz-Córdoba A, Gómez-Beltrán PA, Díaz-Morales D, Ortiz-Amo R. Nursing students' perceptions of euthanasia legislation: A qualitative study. Nurse Educ Today 2022; 116:105466. [PMID: 35834867 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain; Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.
| | - Andrea Alcaraz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain
| | | | | | - Rocío Ortiz-Amo
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain
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