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Schueler KE, Jacobs M, Averbach S, Marengo A, Mody SK. P051Understanding medication abortion denial among a cohort of abortion clinic patients in southern california. Contraception 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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González Sánchez E, Gómez-Román J, Muñoz-Callejas A, Marengo A, Tsapis N, Bohne-Japiassu K, González-Gay MÁ, Vicente-Rabaneda EF, Fattal E, Castañeda S, Urzainqui A. POS0331 LUNG TARGETED DELIVERY OF EVEROLIMUS AS A NEW TREATMENT OF SCLERODERMA-RELATED INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE (SSc-ILD) DEVELOPED BY PSGL-1 KO MICE. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Interstitial lung disease (ILD), the main cause of mortality in scleroderma (SSc) patients (1), has no treatment (2). P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1), the main ligand for P-Selectin, is expressed on leukocytes and responsible for the initial steps of extravasation (3). The absence of PSGL-1 in mice spontaneously develops an autoimmune syndrome similar to human SSc with fibrosis, vascular damage, autoantibodies and pulmonary arterial hypertension in females, and almost 60% of animals older than 12 months develop ILD with aging (4). In this work, the therapeutic action of everolimus-loaded nanomedicine given by local administration as a treatment for ILD was evaluated. The intratracheal administration of everolimus loaded into in liposomes decorated with hyaluronic acid (HA) is studied as an administration strategy to reach the inflammatory and fibrotic cells, targeting these cells and avoiding systemic effects and possible toxicity on epithelial cellsObjectives:1) To study the effect of everolimus on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell populations and in lung pathology in SSc-ILD PSGL-1 KO mice2) To analyze the intratracheal application of everolimus included in empty liposomes (Lip+Ev) vs. liposomes decorated with hyaluronic acid (Lip-HA+Ev) as an administration strategy to decrease drug toxicity and increase drug effectivityMethods:In an observational study, PSGL-1−/− C57BL/6 males older than 12 months (n=4) were treated intratracheally with 4 doses of Lip or Lip-HA (with or without everolimus included), once a week (Lip+Ev 295.67µg/mL; Lip+Ev 82.73µg/mL; Lip-HA+Ev 82.73µg/mL). Then, animals were euthanatized and BAL and lungs were obtained. BAL cells were stained for flow cytometry analysis. Lungs were embedded in paraffin blocks for blind histological analysis by a pathologist and evaluated for interstitial inflammation and fibrosis degree. Lip-HA was selected as the treatment of choice for a second experiment (n=8) following the same experimental design (86.22µg/mL)Results:The observational study showed an increase in CD45+, alveolar macrophages (AM), eosinophils (Eos), granulocytes (Gr1+) and T cells in the BAL of untreated PSGL-1-/- mice compared with WT mice. Everolimus reduced these populations to WT levels in all casesLip-HA+Ev administration was chosen for further experiments because a lower dose of the drug gave a better result than the high dose in undecorated liposomes. Reduction of CD45+, AM, eosinophils, and CD45- cells populations by Lip-HA+Ev was confirmed. Lip-HA treatment increased the number of neutrophils and T cells, but this effect is controlled by the everolimus administrationHistological lung analysis showed an increase in interstitial inflammation and fibrosis in untreated PSGL-1-/- and empty Lip-HA experimental groups. Treatment with everolimus included in Lip-HA reduced the fibrotic and inflammatory interstitial lung lesions, reaching values similar to those observed in WT miceConclusion:PSGL-1 KO mice present ILD associated with scleroderma (SSc-ILD) with an increase of CD45+, Gr1+, Eos, T cells and AM populations in the BAL. Intratracheal treatment with everolimus included in liposomes decorated with hyaluronic acid reduces immune cell infiltration and fibrosis once SSc-ILD is establishedReferences:[1]Solomon JJ, Olson AL, Fischer A, Bull T, Brown KK, Raghu G (2013). Scleroderma lung disease[2]Singh D, Parihar AK, Patel S, Srivastava S, Diwan P, Singh MR (2019). Scleroderma: An insight into causes, pathogenesis and treatment strategies. Pathophysiology, 26(2)[3]Zarbock A, McEver RP, Hidalgo A (2011). Leukocyte Ligands for Endothelial Selectins: Specialized Glycoconjugates That Mediate Rolling and Signaling Under Flow. BLOOD[4]Pérez-Frías A, Núñez-Andrade N, et al. (2014). Development of an autoimmune syndrome affecting the skin and internal organs in P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 leukocyte receptor-deficient mice. Arthritis RheumatolDisclosure of Interests:None declared
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Bressanello D, Marengo A, Cordero C, Strocchi G, Rubiolo P, Pellegrino G, Ruosi MR, Bicchi C, Liberto E. Chromatographic Fingerprinting Strategy to Delineate Chemical Patterns Correlated to Coffee Odor and Taste Attributes. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:4550-4560. [PMID: 33823588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Coffee cupping includes both aroma and taste, and its evaluation considers several different attributes simultaneously to define flavor quality and therefore requires complementary data from aroma and taste. This study investigates the potential and limits of a data-driven approach to describe the sensory quality of coffee using complementary analytical techniques usually available in routine quality control laboratories. Coffee flavor chemical data from 155 samples were obtained by analyzing volatile (headspace-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS)) and nonvolatile (liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/diode array detector (LC-UV/DAD)) fractions, as well as from sensory data. Chemometric tools were used to explore the data sets, select relevant features, predict sensory scores, and investigate the networks between features. A comparison of the Q model parameter and root-mean-squared error prediction (RMSEP) highlights the variable influence that the nonvolatile fraction has on prediction, showing that it has a higher impact on describing acid, bitter, and woody notes than on flowery and fruity. The data fusion emphasized the aroma contribution to driving sensory perceptions, although the correlative networks highlighted from the volatile and nonvolatile data deserve a thorough investigation to verify the potential of odor-taste integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bressanello
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - A Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - C Cordero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - G Strocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - P Rubiolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - G Pellegrino
- Lavazza S.p.A., Strada Settimo 410, 10156 Turin, Italy
| | - M R Ruosi
- Lavazza S.p.A., Strada Settimo 410, 10156 Turin, Italy
| | - C Bicchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - E Liberto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Meloni F, Pandolfi L, Frangipane V, Cova E, Arpicco S, Marengo A, Bocca C, Monti M. Hyaluronic Acid Decorated-Liposome are Good Biocompatible Nano-Carrier for Drug Delivery to Mesenchymal Cells Derived from BAL of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Guglielmi V, Carton F, Vattemi G, Arpicco S, Stella B, Berlier G, Marengo A, Boschi F, Malatesta M. Uptake and intracellular distribution of different types of nanoparticles in primary human myoblasts and myotubes. Int J Pharm 2019; 560:347-356. [PMID: 30797075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers in the field of skeletal muscle diseases has been poorly addressed and the interaction of nanoparticles with skeletal muscle cells has been investigated almost exclusively on C2C12 murine myoblasts. In this study we investigated the effects poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and liposomes, on the viability of primary human myoblasts and analyzed their cellular uptake and intracellular distribution in both primary human myoblasts and myotubes. Our data demonstrate that poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles do not negatively affect myoblasts viability, contrarily to mesoporous silica nanoparticles and liposomes that induce a decrease in cell viability at the highest doses and longest incubation time. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles and mesoporous silica nanoparticles are internalized by endocytosis, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles undergo endosomal escape whereas mesoporous silica nanoparticles always occur within vacuoles. Liposomes were rarely observed within the cells. The uptake of all tested nanoparticles was less prominent in primary human myotubes as compared to myoblasts. Our findings represent the first step toward the characterization of the interaction between nanoparticles and primary human muscle cells and suggest that poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles might find an application for drug delivery to skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Guglielmi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8 - 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - F Carton
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8 - 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - G Vattemi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro, 10 - 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - S Arpicco
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria, 9 - 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - B Stella
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria, 9 - 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Berlier
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria, 7 - 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Marengo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria, 9 - 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F Boschi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15 - 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - M Malatesta
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8 - 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Marengo A. Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis: exploring the opportunity for a low-cost approach using the Genoa Line Quantification. Panminerva Med 2018; 60:77-79. [PMID: 29546739 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.18.03444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marengo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, S. Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy -
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Costanzo M, Carton F, Marengo A, Berlier G, Stella B, Arpicco S, Malatesta M. Fluorescence and electron microscopy to visualize the intracellular fate of nanoparticles for drug delivery. Eur J Histochem 2016; 60:2640. [PMID: 27349319 PMCID: PMC4933830 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2016.2640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to design valid protocols for drug release via nanocarriers, it is essential to know the mechanisms of cell internalization, the interactions with organelles, and the intracellular permanence and degradation of nanoparticles (NPs) as well as the possible cell alteration or damage induced. In the present study, the intracellular fate of liposomes, polymeric NPs and mesoporous silica NPs (MSN) has been investigated in an in vitro cell system by fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The tested nanocarriers proved to be characterized by specific interactions with the cell: liposomes enter the cells probably by fusion with the plasma membrane and undergo rapid cytoplasmic degradation; polymeric NPs are internalized by endocytosis, occur in the cytoplasm both enclosed in endosomes and free in the cytosol, and then undergo massive degradation by lysosome action; MSN are internalized by both endocytosis and phagocytosis, and persist in the cytoplasm enclosed in vacuoles. No one of the tested nanocarriers was found to enter the nucleus. The exposure to the different nanocarriers did not increase cell death; only liposomes induced a reduction of cell population after long incubation times, probably due to cell overloading. No subcellular damage was observed to be induced by polymeric NPs and MSN, whereas transmission electron microscopy revealed cytoplasm alterations in liposome-treated cells. This important information on the structural and functional relationships between nanocarriers designed for drug delivery and cultured cells further proves the crucial role of microscopy techniques in nanotechnology.
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Rosso C, Caviglia GP, Abate ML, Vanni E, Mezzabotta L, Touscoz GA, Olivero A, Marengo A, Rizzetto M, Bugianesi E, Smedile A. Cytokeratin 18-Aspartate396 apoptotic fragment for fibrosis detection in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48:55-61. [PMID: 26514735 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of non-invasive markers for the detection of fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases is still a matter of debate. AIMS To test the performance of cytokeratin18-Aspartate396 alone or in combination with transient elastography as a marker of fibrosis, compared to liver biopsy as gold standard. METHODS In 259 prospectively enrolled patients with chronic liver diseases, clinical, biochemical, and histological features were assessed. Serum cytokeratin18-Aspartate396 and Fibroscan were performed within 6 months prior to liver biopsy. RESULTS Cytokeratin18-Aspartate396 levels predicted both significant and advanced fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease group, correctly identifying 83.7% and 80.8% of cases, respectively. Liver stiffness performed best in predicting severe fibrosis in patients with chronic viral infection, correctly identifying 78.7% of chronic hepatitis B and 88.6% of chronic hepatitis C subjects. The combination of cytokeratin18-Aspartate396 and liver stiffness improved their diagnostic performance for the detection of significant and advanced fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease group, only (sensitivity=78.3%, specificity=90.7%; sensitivity=91.7%, specificity=71.6%, respectively). CONCLUSION Cytokeratin18-Aspartate396 and liver stiffness can improve the non-invasive prediction of significant and advanced fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, while in hepatitis B and C virus infected patients their combined use had no advantage over the diagnostic accuracy of transient elastography alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rosso
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Lorena Abate
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ester Vanni
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Lavinia Mezzabotta
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Antonio Touscoz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Olivero
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Marengo
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Rizzetto
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonina Smedile
- Liver Physiopathology Lab, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
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Rosso C, Mezzabotta L, Gaggini M, Salomone F, Gambino R, Marengo A, Saba F, Vanni E, Younes R, Saponaro C, Buzzigoli E, Caviglia GP, Abate ML, Smedile A, Rizzetto M, Cassader M, Gastaldelli A, Bugianesi E. Peripheral insulin resistance predicts liver damage in nondiabetic subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2016; 63:107-16. [PMID: 26473614 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Surrogate indexes of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity are widely used in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), although they have never been validated in this population. We aimed to validate the available indexes in NAFLD subjects and to test their ability to predict liver damage also in comparison with the NAFLD fibrosis score. Surrogate indexes were validated by the tracer technique (6,6-D2 -glucose and U-(13) C-glucose) in the basal state and during an oral glucose tolerance test. The best-performing indexes were used in an independent cohort of 145 nondiabetic NAFLD subjects to identify liver damage (fibrosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis). In the validation NAFLD cohort, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, insulin to glucose ratio, and insulin sensitivity index Stumvoll had the best association with hepatic insulin resistance, while peripheral insulin sensitivity was most significantly related to oral glucose insulin sensitivity index (OGIS), insulin sensitivity index Stumvoll, and metabolic clearance rate estimation without demographic parameters. In the independent cohort, only oral glucose tolerance test-derived indexes were associated with liver damage and OGIS was the best predictor of significant (≥F2) fibrosis (odds ratio = 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.61-0.96, P = 0.0233) and of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (odds ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.63-0.90, P = 0.0021). Both OGIS and NAFLD fibrosis score identified advanced (F3/F4) fibrosis, but OGIS predicted it better than NAFLD fibrosis score (odds ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.72, P < 0.001) and was also able to discriminate F2 from F3/F4 (P < 0.003). CONCLUSION OGIS is associated with peripheral insulin sensitivity in NAFLD and inversely associated with an increased risk of significant/advanced liver damage in nondiabetic subjects with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rosso
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lavinia Mezzabotta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Salomone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Marengo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Saba
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ester Vanni
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ramy Younes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Saponaro
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emma Buzzigoli
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Lorena Abate
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonina Smedile
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Rizzetto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Amalia Gastaldelli
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Bruno M, Marengo A, Bufis M, Sprujevnik T, Astegiano M. How much do celiac patients know about gluten free diet? MNM 2015. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-150048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
The burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer, is steadily growing because obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are replacing viral- and alcohol-related liver disease as major pathogenic promoters. The most worrisome aspects of these new risk factors are their large spread in the general population and their link with HCC arising in noncirrhotic livers. HCC may be the presenting feature of an asymptomatic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the progressive form of NAFLD. The HCC risk connected to metabolic factors has been underestimated so far, and a poorer surveillance has prevented an adequate treatment. Systemic and hepatic molecular mechanisms involved in obesity- and NAFLD-induced hepatocarcinogenesis as well as potential early markers of HCC are being extensively investigated. This review summarizes current evidence linking obesity, NAFLD and liver cancer, discusses its clinical impact and describes the main mechanisms underlying this complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marengo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medical Sciences, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; , ,
| | - Chiara Rosso
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medical Sciences, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; , ,
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medical Sciences, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; , ,
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Marengo A, Zavala L, Zavala H, Saravia B. High altitude headaches in climbers of Mount Aconcagua in the Andes Mountain range. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vanni E, Marengo A, Mezzabotta L, Bugianesi E. Systemic Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: When the Liver Is Not an Innocent Bystander. Semin Liver Dis 2015; 35:236-49. [PMID: 26378641 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1562944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The top three leading causes of death in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in descending order are cardiovascular disease, cancer, and liver disease. It is clear now that the increased risk of metabolic and macro- and microvascular complications in NAFLD stems from the associated features of metabolic syndrome. However, NAFLD itself may contribute to the spectrum of risk factors associated with insulin resistance. The primary focus of this review is to summarize the main systemic associations of NAFLD, as well as to discuss the mechanisms that link them to NAFLD. Hepatic lipid accumulation in NAFLD impairs hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism further increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and of cardiovascular disease, independently of established risk factors. The incidence, prevalence, and severity of these complications are proportional to the histological severity of liver damage suggesting that NAFLD, but particularly nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, can also contribute to the low-grade inflammatory state through the systemic release of several markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and of procoagulant factors. The clinical implication of these findings is that patients with NAFLD require a multidisciplinary evaluation, with a major focus on type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease complications and may benefit from more intensive surveillance and early treatment interventions to decrease the risk for cardiovascular and kidney complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Vanni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastro-Hepatology, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Marengo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastro-Hepatology, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lavinia Mezzabotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastro-Hepatology, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Gastro-Hepatology, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Bruno M, Marengo A, Elia C, Caronna S, Debernardi-Venon W, Manfrè SF, Musso A, Puglisi F, Sguazzini C, Rizzetto M, De Angelis C. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs management before gastrointestinal endoscopy: do clinicians adhere to current guidelines? Dig Liver Dis 2015; 47:45-9. [PMID: 25464898 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managing antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs before endoscopy may be challenging. AIMS To assess whether the pre-endoscopic management of antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs is adherent to current guidelines and the influence of patients' characteristics, referring physician's specialty, type of endoscopic procedure and therapeutic regimen on adherence. METHODS Two hundred and twenty patients taking aspirin, thienopyridines or warfarin and scheduled for upper endoscopy (± biopsies), variceal band ligation, colonoscopy (± biopsies or polypectomy), were prospectively analyzed. RESULTS In 109 patients (49.5%) the management of antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs was thoroughly compliant with guidelines. Neither demographic characteristics, nor in/outpatient status, nor type of endoscopic procedure, nor physician's specialty influenced the adherence but the therapeutic regimen had a significant impact (p < 0.0001) as compliance was less likely in patients on warfarin. Unwarranted drugs withholding was more frequent before colonoscopy than upper endoscopy (p = 0.0001). Warfarin was stopped longer than recommended more frequently than aspirin (p = 0.009). The International Normalized Ratio was properly checked before endoscopy in 47.7% of patients. Among the 55 patients who withheld warfarin, the decision about bridging to low molecular weight heparin was appropriate in 21 (38.2%). CONCLUSIONS Compliance with guidelines is low especially in the management of warfarin, both among gastroenterologists and other physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Bruno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Marengo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Elia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Caronna
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Wilma Debernardi-Venon
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Selene Francesca Manfrè
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Musso
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Flavia Puglisi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Sguazzini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Rizzetto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio De Angelis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy.
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Marengo A, Marietti M, Rizzetto M, Marzano A. Letter: renal effects of tenofovir in adefovir dipivoxil-experienced HBV patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2014; 40:324. [PMID: 25040751 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Marengo
- Gastro-Hepatology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy.
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Marzano A, Marengo A, David E, Rizzetto M. Hepatitis B therapy, hepatocellular carcinoma and HBsAg mutants. Dig Liver Dis 2013; 45:525-7. [PMID: 23415581 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Marzano A, Marengo A, Ruggiero T, Allice T, Sanna C, Alessandria C, Morgando A, Sciandrello MC, Franzin AM, Rizzetto M, Ghisetti V. Clinical impact of A/H1/N1/09 influenza in patients with cirrhosis: Experience from a nosocomial cluster of infection. J Med Virol 2012; 85:1-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Marengo A, Bitetto D, D'Avolio A, Ciancio A, Fabris C, Marietti M, Toniutto P, Di Perri G, Rizzetto M, Marzano A. Clinical and virological response to entecavir in HBV-related chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis: data from the clinical practice in a single-centre cohort. Antivir Ther 2012; 18:87-94. [PMID: 22872649 DOI: 10.3851/imp2284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data are available on entecavir in Caucasian patients with HBV cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B who are treated in the clinical practice. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of entecavir in an Italian cohort of unselected patients with different stages of liver fibrosis, comparing the virological and clinical results obtained between patients with and without liver cirrhosis. METHODS Efficacy and safety of entecavir were retrospectively evaluated in 100 patients recruited in the Gastro-Hepatology Unit, San Giovanni Battista Hospital (Turin, Italy). A pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in 34 participants to assess whether cirrhosis may affect entecavir metabolism. Participants were followed-up for a median (range) duration of 21 months (2-108). RESULTS Rates of virological response (negative viraemia by PCR for ≥ 2 consecutive determinations) after 12, 24 and 36 months were 91.7%, 97.5% and 93.7%, respectively. In the 84 patients who were treated for ≥ 12 months, presence of cirrhosis (OR 1.730, 95% CI 1.082, 2.766; P=0.022) and absence of hepatitis B e antigen (OR 0.479, 95% CI 0.273, 0.842; P=0.011) were independent predictors of earlier clearance of serum HBV DNA. There were no differences between the serum concentrations in the steady-state level of entecavir between patients with or without cirrhosis. No significant differences were detected between the average area under the curve in the means of the two groups (P=0.55). CONCLUSIONS Entecavir represents an excellent therapy in patients with HBV-related liver disease and particularly with cirrhosis where it showed a good profile of tolerability, higher efficacy and an earlier virological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marengo
- Gastro-Hepatology Unit, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Italy.
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19
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Fasano M, Lampertico P, Marzano A, Di Marco V, Niro GA, Brancaccio G, Marengo A, Scotto G, Brunetto MR, Gaeta GB, Rizzetto M, Angarano G, Santantonio T. HBV DNA suppression and HBsAg clearance in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients on lamivudine therapy for over 5 years. J Hepatol 2012; 56:1254-8. [PMID: 22343167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In long-term responder patients, it is unclear whether lamivudine (LAM) monotherapy should be continued or switched to a high-genetic-barrier analogue. This study aims at assessing LAM efficacy over a 5-year period and the residual risk of drug resistance. The rate of HBsAg clearance and LAM long-term safety profile were also evaluated. METHODS One hundred and ninety-one patients with chronic HBeAg-negative hepatitis B successfully treated with LAM monotherapy for at least 5 years were included. Biochemical and virological tests were assessed every 3 months in all patients and HBsAg quantification was performed in 45/191. Reverse-transcriptase (RT) region was directly sequenced in virological breakthrough patients. RESULTS One hundred and ninety-one patients (148 males, median age 53 years, 72 with compensated cirrhosis) responding to 60-month LAM monotherapy continued to receive LAM monotherapy beyond the initial 5 years and were followed for an additional 36-month median period (range 1-108). Virological response was maintained in 128/191 patients (67%) and HBsAg clearance was observed in 15/128 (11.7%) after a 32-month median period (range 1-65). The 63 remaining patients (33%) showed virological breakthrough after a 15-month median treatment (range 1-78). RT region analysis was performed in 38/63 breakthrough patients and LAM resistant mutations were found in 37/38. No significant side effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS In long-term responder patients, continuation of LAM monotherapy resulted in persistent viral suppression in most cases with undetectable HBV DNA by real-time PCR; moreover, 11.7% of these patients cleared HBsAg. Selection of LAM resistance, however, can still occur even after successful long-term therapy, thus emphasising the importance of a careful virological monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Fasano
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Policlinico, Bari, Italy
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Marzano A, Marengo A, Marietti M, Rizzetto M. Lactic acidosis during Entecavir treatment in decompensated hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. Dig Liver Dis 2011; 43:1027-8. [PMID: 21782535 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Marzano A, Marengo A, Andreone P, Volpes R, Canova D, Cursaro C, Riili A, Fiorentino B, Bacci M, Guazzini S, Burra P. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of intravenous or intramuscular hepatitis B immunoglobulins in prophylaxis of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. Minerva Med 2010; 101:373-383. [PMID: 21196896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM The use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) combined with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) has improved outcomes in post-hepatitis B (PHB) liver transplant (LT), reducing the 1-year recurrence rate below 10%. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and pharmacokinetics of prophylaxis with NUC(s) and intravenous (iv-) or intramuscular (im-) HBIg in 33 PHBLTs, transplanted for more than 1 year. METHODS During the first six months of the study, 18 subjects received 5000 IU of iv-HBIg every four weeks and 15 patients 2160 IU/12 mL of im-HBIg every two weeks. In the following six months, 31 subjects were switched to two different concentrations of im-HBIg, 2160/12 mL (16 patients) or 2000 IU/6 mL every two weeks (15 patients). RESULTS All patients remained HBsAg-negative and 30/31 maintained anti-HBs >100 IU/L. Overall mean anti-HBs titer during treatment was 363 IU/mL. Mean HBIg half-life was 21.4, 27.3 and 26 days with intravenous, diluted or concentrated im-preparations, respectively. CONCLUSION These results confirm an analogue efficacy and tolerance of iv- and im-HBIg combined with antivirals in prophylaxis of hepatitis B after LT. Anti-HBs titers three times higher than aimed and four weeks mean half-life could suggest the reduction of doses and the elongation of the interval of administration of im-HBIg.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marzano
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Turin, Italy.
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Giaccone L, Festuccia M, Marengo A, Resta I, Sorasio R, Pittaluga F, Fiore F, Boccadoro M, Rizzetto M, Bruno B, Marzano A. Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation and Efficacy of Prophylaxis with Lamivudine in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010; 16:809-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Brandao C, Urrutia M, del Real de Cano P, García de Paredes PG, Marengo A, Rodríguez R, Lobo M, Bértoli F, Surgeon J. [Solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas. Report of 2 cases]. Rev Med Panama 1994; 19:27-36. [PMID: 7938713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Solid and papillary epithelial tumor of the pancreas occurs mainly in young women and its main characteristic is the appearance of an abdominal mass which progressively increases in size. The radiologic, surgical and pathological correlation shows that it is a tumor of low grade malignancy with a favorable prognosis, after therapy and according to the location of the tumor. The authors report the clinical history of the first two confirmed cases of this entity in Panama, which occurred in 1985 and 1992, respectively, in women less than 25 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brandao
- Servicio de Cirugía, Complejo Hospitalario Metropolitano, Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid de la Caja de Seguro Social en Panamá
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