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Robiou du Pont Y, Rogelj J, Hsu A, van Vuuren D, Hoepner AGF. Corporate emissions targets and the neglect of future innovators. Science 2024; 384:388-390. [PMID: 38662813 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl5081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Targets can distort competition in favor of incumbent firms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Robiou du Pont
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joeri Rogelj
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Energy, Climate, and Environment Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Angel Hsu
- Data-Driven EnviroLab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Detlef van Vuuren
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Den Haag, Netherlands
| | - Andreas G F Hoepner
- Smurfit Graduate Business School, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Platform for Sustainable Finance, Directorate-General for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union (DG FISMA), European Commission, Brussels, Belgium
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2
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Gao Y, Hoepner AGF. Virtues of impact financing: Do financial institutions benefit from considering the environmental impact on financing decisions? J Environ Manage 2024; 354:120259. [PMID: 38350274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The impact investing literature largely focuses on private equity investing and overlooks the investments made through debt financing that actually dominate the market. To address this research gap, this paper investigates whether impact financing is associated with financial benefits. By using COVID-19 as an exogenous shock to China's stock market, this paper applies fixed effects panel data analysis with a difference-in-differences research design to provide robust empirical outcomes. The results reveal those financial institutions that better integrated environmental impacts into their financing process experienced positive stock return changes in response to the shock. This study answers the question of how well an impact scales. The findings suggest that impact financing is an effective model, as the impacts incorporated in the debt can be scaled up compared to impact investing funds with low volumes. Impact financing has enormous potential for financial institutions to engage in the green transition since they can derive pecuniary utility while delivering environmental impacts. The revelation of financial benefits also contributes to overcoming the lack of knowledge about impact financing and helps to remove the barriers that advance industry growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas G F Hoepner
- Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School, University College Dublin, Carysfort Avenue, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland Platform on Sustainable Finance, DG FISMA, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium
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Marti S, Hoepner AGF, Hammer H, Salmen A, Chan A, Hoepner R. Socioeconomic and Regional Disparities in Industry-Sponsored Clinical Trials in Multiple Sclerosis. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2345619. [PMID: 38019519 PMCID: PMC10687656 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examines the geographical and socioeconomic factors associated with trial distribution and outcome of treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Marti
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas G. F. Hoepner
- Department of Banking and Finance, Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helly Hammer
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anke Salmen
- Department of Neurology, St Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrew Chan
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Hoepner
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Salmen A, Marti S, Hoepner AGF, Chan A, Hoepner R. The impact of immunotherapies on COVID-19 case fatality rates during the US vaccination campaign: a multidisciplinary open data analysis using FDA Adverse Event Reporting System and Our World in Data. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1186404. [PMID: 37397473 PMCID: PMC10308012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1186404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Patients under immunotherapies were excluded from the pivotal trials of vaccinations against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and no population-level data on disease outcomes such as case fatality rates in relation to vaccination coverage exist. Our study aims to fill this gap by investigating whether CFRs in patients with immunotherapies decrease with increasing vaccination coverage in the total population. Methods: We combined aggregated open source data on COVID-19 vaccination coverage from "Our World in Data" with publicly available anonymized COVID-19 case reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System to compute COVID-19 CFRs for patients under immunotherapy at different vaccination coverage levels in the total population. CFRs at different vaccination coverage levels were then compared to CFRs before vaccination campaign start. Results: While we found an overall decrease in CFRs on population level with increasing vaccination coverage, we found no decrease in people using anti-CD20 or glucocorticoids. Discussion: Risk-mitigation strategies on an individual- and population-level are thus still needed to lower the probability of fatal SARS-CoV2 infection for these vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Salmen
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Marti
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas G. F. Hoepner
- Department of Banking and Finance, Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department for Financial Stability and Capital Markets (DG FISMA), Platform for Sustainable Finance, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrew Chan
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Hoepner
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Pistor M, Hoepner AGF, Lin Y, Jung S, Bassetti CL, Chan A, Salmen A, Hoepner R. Immunotherapies and COVID-19 mortality: a multidisciplinary open data analysis based on FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:1633-1635. [PMID: 34285050 PMCID: PMC8600608 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Pistor
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas G F Hoepner
- Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School-Department of Banking & Finance, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Platform for Sustainable Finance-Department for Financial Stability and Capital Markets (DG FISMA), European Commission, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yanan Lin
- Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School-Department of Banking & Finance, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Jung
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudio L Bassetti
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Chan
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anke Salmen
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Hoepner
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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