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Friedman AB, Asthana A, Knowles SR, Robbins A, Gibson PR. Effect of point-of-care gastrointestinal ultrasound on decision-making and management in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 54:652-666. [PMID: 34157157 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal ultrasound is increasingly used for point of care assessment of inflammatory bowel disease. AIMS To explore the utility of gastrointestinal ultrasound as a point-of-care assessment tool from the perspectives of the clinician and patient. METHODS A prospective, observational cohort study was designed utilising routine outpatient consultations. Adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease were allocated to receive gastrointestinal ultrasound or not at the discretion of their treating clinician. Patients completed self-reported session experience questionnaires at study entry, immediately after their consultation, and 4 and 16 weeks later. Clinicians reported disease activity status, therapeutic decisions and clinical management. RESULTS Of 259 participants, mean age 40 (SD: 13) years, 54% male, 73 (28%) underwent ultrasound. Time since diagnosis was 9.2 (8.5) years (ultrasound) and 11.3 (9.2) years (no ultrasound). Immediately after ultrasound, patients who self-reported active disease reported better understanding of all aspects of their disease and disease symptoms were more confident in their ability to make informed decisions about managing their disease and had improved knowledge domain scores compared with the non-ultrasound group (all P < 0.05). Ultrasound had no influence over the patients' ability to manage their own healthcare but tended to be associated with transient improvement in medication adherence. After the ultrasound, the clinician's assessment of patient's disease activity changed in 22% (16/73) and management was altered in 56% (41/73) with anti-inflammatory therapy escalated in 33. About 47% (23/49) patients with Crohn's disease had their medication changed in the ultrasound group, compared to only 22% (25/112) in the nonultrasound group (P = 0.002). For patients with ulcerative colitis, medications were altered in 68% (15/22) compared to 26% (24/70) in the nonultrasound group (P = 0.005) When stratified for disease activity, medication change was more likely in those having ultrasound (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Point-of-care gastrointestinal ultrasound has the potential to enhance the clinical management of inflammatory bowel disease by contributing to clinician decision-making and education of patients regarding their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony B Friedman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Anil Asthana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Simon R Knowles
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Psychology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | | | - Peter R Gibson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Edgar L, Pu T, Porter B, Aziz JM, La Pointe C, Asthana A, Orlando G. Regenerative medicine, organ bioengineering and transplantation. Br J Surg 2020; 107:793-800. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Organ transplantation is predicted to increase as life expectancy and the incidence of chronic diseases rises. Regenerative medicine-inspired technologies challenge the efficacy of the current allograft transplantation model.
Methods
A literature review was conducted using the PubMed interface of MEDLINE from the National Library of Medicine. Results were examined for relevance to innovations of organ bioengineering to inform analysis of advances in regenerative medicine affecting organ transplantation. Data reports from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipient and Organ Procurement Transplantation Network from 2008 to 2019 of kidney, pancreas, liver, heart, lung and intestine transplants performed, and patients currently on waiting lists for respective organs, were reviewed to demonstrate the shortage and need for transplantable organs.
Results
Regenerative medicine technologies aim to repair and regenerate poorly functioning organs. One goal is to achieve an immunosuppression-free state to improve quality of life, reduce complications and toxicities, and eliminate the cost of lifelong antirejection therapy. Innovative strategies include decellularization to fabricate acellular scaffolds that will be used as a template for organ manufacturing, three-dimensional printing and interspecies blastocyst complementation. Induced pluripotent stem cells are an innovation in stem cell technology which mitigate both the ethical concerns associated with embryonic stem cells and the limitation of other progenitor cells, which lack pluripotency. Regenerative medicine technologies hold promise in a wide array of fields and applications, such as promoting regeneration of native cell lines, growth of new tissue or organs, modelling of disease states, and augmenting the viability of existing ex vivo transplanted organs.
Conclusion
The future of organ bioengineering relies on furthering understanding of organogenesis, in vivo regeneration, regenerative immunology and long-term monitoring of implanted bioengineered organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Edgar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - T Pu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - B Porter
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - J M Aziz
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - C La Pointe
- Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Asthana
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - G Orlando
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Asthana
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - C. A. Shearer
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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Bryant RV, Friedman AB, Wright EK, Taylor KM, Begun J, Maconi G, Maaser C, Novak KL, Kucharzik T, Atkinson NSS, Asthana A, Gibson PR. Gastrointestinal ultrasound in inflammatory bowel disease: an underused resource with potential paradigm-changing application. Gut 2018; 67:973-985. [PMID: 29437914 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Evolution of treatment targets in IBD has increased the need for objective monitoring of disease activity to guide therapeutic strategy. Although mucosal healing is the current target of therapy in IBD, endoscopy is invasive, expensive and unappealing to patients. GI ultrasound (GIUS) represents a non-invasive modality to assess disease activity in IBD. It is accurate, cost-effective and reproducible. GIUS can be performed at the point of care without specific patient preparation so as to facilitate clinical decision-making. As compared with ileocolonoscopy and other imaging modalities (CT and MRI), GIUS is accurate in diagnosing IBD, detecting complications of disease including fistulae, strictures and abscesses, monitoring disease activity and detecting postoperative disease recurrence. International groups increasingly recognise GIUS as a valuable tool with paradigm-changing application in the management of IBD; however, uptake outside parts of continental Europe has been slow and GIUS is underused in many countries. The aim of this review is to present a pragmatic guide to the positioning of GIUS in IBD clinical practice, providing evidence for use, algorithms for integration into practice, training pathways and a strategic implementation framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Venning Bryant
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Antony B Friedman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emily Kate Wright
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kirstin M Taylor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Giovanni Maconi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Maaser
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University Teaching Hospital Lueneburg, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Kerri L Novak
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Torsten Kucharzik
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University Teaching Hospital Lueneburg, Lueneburg, Germany
| | | | - Anil Asthana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter R Gibson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Yao C, Burgell R, Taylor K, Barrett J, Asthana A, Ward M, Gibson P, Muir J. Fibre utilisation is not defective but colonic epithelial function may be abnormal in quiescent ulcerative colitis. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Tang Y, Asthana A, Lubel J. Unusual cause of hiccup and abdominal pain after gastric variceal obliteration. Gastroenterology 2013; 144:e1-e2. [PMID: 23260500 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anil Asthana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Lubel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health, Victoria, Australia; Monash University, Eastern Health Clinical School, 5 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Melbourne, Australia
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Hutzenlaub T, Asthana A, Becker J, Wheeler D, Zengerle R, Thiele S. FIB/SEM-based calculation of tortuosity in a porous LiCoO2 cathode for a Li-ion battery. Electrochem commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mehrotra D, Kumar S, Agarwal GG, Asthana A, Kumar S. Odds ratio of risk factors for oral submucous fibrosis in a case control model. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 51:e169-73. [PMID: 22951384 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of various epidemiological, social, behavioural, and dietary risk factors for oral submucous fibrosis in a population-based case control study. We did this in rural and urban Lucknow by organising oral health camps in the community, where a total of 3136 subjects were enrolled. Panmasala, a dry commercial preparation containing areca nut, slaked lime, catechu, and condiments, with or without tobacco, was the most important aetiological factor for the disease. The 95% confidence interval (CI) of the OR for tobaccoless panmasala ranged from 4.77 to 6.88 and for tobacco panmasala from 4.55 to 9.71. OR using multivariate analysis was 14.09 for tobaccoless panmasala and 5.39 for tobacco panmasala. Patients who use panmasala are at high risk of developing oral submucous fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mehrotra
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, CSMMU (erstwhile King George's Medical University), Lucknow 226003, India.
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Sayed FN, Grover V, Sudarsan V, Pandey B, Asthana A, Vatsa R, Tyagi A. Multicolored and white-light phosphors based on doped GdF3 nanoparticles and their potential bio-applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 367:161-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Gajbhiye V, Kumar PV, Sharma A, Agarwal A, Asthana A, Jain NK. Dendrimeric nanoarchitectures mediated transdermal and oral delivery of bioactives. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:431-9. [PMID: 20046766 PMCID: PMC2792561 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.44589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2007] [Revised: 03/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/10/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transdermal route is an evolving panorama in novel drug deliverance and with oral route they proffer immense potential. Most recently there is hastening in approaches for delivering bioactives via these routes, amongst them revolution has been made by dendrimers. Encapsulation and conjugation of bioactives with these virus sized robots have shown immense employment for delivery of hydrophobic and labile remedies. Transport of these nano-cruises from corner to corner of skin and through epithelial hurdle of gastrointestinal tract depends upon dendrimer characteristics. An improved thoughtful of these characteristics is an obligation for their use in these rambling fields. These characteristics embrace generation size, molecular weight, surface charge, incubation time and concentration. This context demarcates the imperative role of dendrimers in transdermal and oral drug delivery. This review also highlights concerning mechanism of convey of nanoarrays via epithelial hurdle of GIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gajbhiye
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar-470 003, India
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Asthana A, Momeni K, Prasad A, Yap YK, Yassar RS. In situ observation of size-scale effects on the mechanical properties of ZnO nanowires. Nanotechnology 2011; 22:265712. [PMID: 21586815 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/26/265712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation, the size-scale in mechanical properties of individual [0001] ZnO nanowires and the correlation with atomic-scale arrangements were explored via in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation (NI) systems. The Young's modulus was determined to be size-scale-dependent for nanowires with diameter, d, in the range of 40 nm ≤ d ≤ 110 nm, and reached the maximum of ∼ 249 GPa for d = 40 nm. However, this phenomenon was not observed for nanowires in the range of 200 nm ≤ d ≤ 400 nm, where an average constant Young's modulus of ∼ 147.3 GPa was detected, close to the modulus value of bulk ZnO. A size-scale dependence in the failure of nanowires was also observed. The thick ZnO nanowires (d ≥ 200 nm) were brittle, while the thin nanowires (d ≤ 110 nm) were highly flexible. The diameter effect and enhanced Young's modulus observed in thin ZnO nanowires are due to the combined effects of surface relaxation and long-range interactions present in ionic crystals, which leads to much stiffer surfaces than bulk wires. The brittle failure in thicker ZnO wires was initiated from the outermost layer, where the maximum tensile stress operates and propagates along the (0001) planes. After a number of loading and unloading cycles, the highly compressed region of the thinner nanowires was transformed from a crystalline to an amorphous phase, and the region near the neutral zone was converted into a mixture of disordered atomic planes and bent lattice fringes as revealed by high-resolution images.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Asthana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
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Asthana A, Shokuhfar T, Gao Q, Heiden PA, Friedrich C, Yassar RS. A Real Time Observation of Phase Transition of Anatase TiO 2 Nanotubes Into Rutile Nanoparticles by In-Situ Joule Heating Inside Transmission Electron Microscope. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1166/asl.2010.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Asthana A, Bose D, Durgbanshi A, Sanghi SK, Kok WT. Determination of aromatic amines in water samples by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical and fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2000; 895:197-203. [PMID: 11105862 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00522-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two capillary electrophoresis methods have been compared for the determination of aniline derivatives in environmental water samples. With the first method the anilines were separated as cations by free zone electrophoresis at low pH, and detected by amperometry. For this, the separation capillary was connected through a palladium field decoupler to an electrochemical detection cell which had been modified to match the volume scale of the separation. Most anilines tested, except chlorinated compounds, could be detected with full sensitivity at a detection potential of +0.7 V. Detection limits with this detection scheme were on a low microg/l level. The alternative method involved the derivatization of the anilines with fluorescamine, the separation of the derivatives formed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and fluorescence detection. For detection a lamp-based, fibre optics instrument was used. Detection limits with fluorimetry were comparable with those obtained with amperometric detection (in the order of 1 microg/l). Still, this method was preferred since it gave a higher separation efficiency and shorter analysis times (approximately 4 min). The most important argument, however, was its higher reliability and ease-of-handling. Preliminary experiments with water samples collected in areas where pollution with anilines may be expected showed that the method is highly specific, with few interferences showing up in the electropherograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Asthana
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Abstract
Citral, a monoterpene aldehyde synthesized by several plant genera, has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activity. For the first time, we report that critral exhibits UV-A (315-400 nm) light enhanced oxygen-dependent toxicity against a series of Escherichia coli strains differing in DNA repair and catalase proficiency. Those E. coli strains carrying a gene leading to catalase deficiency (katF) are particularly sensitized to inactivation by citral and UV-A treatment when compared to catalase proficient strains (katF+). Consistent with these in vivo observations, citral when treated with UV-A in vitro produces H2O2. When tested against Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani, fungal root pathogens of Citrus, enhanced toxicity by citral in the presence of UV-A was demonstrated, while dark toxicity was negligible. When the plasmid pBR322 was treated with citral in the presence of UV-A, a change in conformation from the covalently closed circular to the open circular and, ultimately, the linear form was observed. The change in plasmid conformation corresponded to a reduction in transforming activity. Holding plasmid DNA which had been treated with UV-A light in the presence of citral at 4 degrees C for 22 h in the dark resulted in continued degradation of the DNA and loss of transforming activity. Holding plasmid DNA treated with UV-A or citral alone under identical conditions had no detectable effect on either plasmid conformation or transforming activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Asthana
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
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Han PD, Asthana A, Xu Z, Chang L, Payne DA. Analysis of large-area twins in Bi2CaSr2Cu2O8 superconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:5437-5443. [PMID: 9997940 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.5437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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