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Bozzi LM, Jacobson MH, Yost E, Sheahan A, Cafone J, Komatsu Y, Schwartz L, Levitan B, Nelson RM. A Benefit-Risk Conceptual Framework for Biologic Use During Pregnancy: A Mini-Review. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:1251-1257. [PMID: 38506485 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent reports related to in utero exposure of marketed immunosuppressive biologics led to clinical recommendations to delay live vaccinations for infants due to the concern of reduced vaccine effectiveness and/or increased risk of vaccine-related disease. These delays can increase the risk of children contracting vaccine preventable diseases, yet the alternative cessation of biologics during pregnancy may result in increased autoimmune disease activity for the pregnant person, raising complex benefit-risk (B-R) considerations and trade-offs. Our goal is to develop a conceptual framework for B-R assessment based on the key benefits and risks pregnant people would consider for themselves and their children when continuing (vs. discontinuing) a biologic during pregnancy. The proposed framework defines the decision contexts, key domains and attributes for potential benefits, and risks of biologic use during pregnancy, informed by a literature review of indications for biologics and refined with key clinical stakeholders. The framework includes both the pregnant person taking the biologic and the infant potentially exposed to the biologic in utero, with potential benefit and risk domains and attributes for each participant. To advance this conceptual framework, there are considerations of potential biases and uncertainty of available data that will be imperative to address when quantifying the B-R framework. For these reasons, we recommend the formation of a consortium to ensure development of a robust, validated framework that can be adopted in the healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Bozzi
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Emily Yost
- Janssen Research & Development, Horsham, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna Sheahan
- Janssen Research & Development, Horsham, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph Cafone
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yosuke Komatsu
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lisa Schwartz
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Robert M Nelson
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sheahan A, Anjohrin S, Suruki R, Stark JL, Sloan VS. Opioid use surrounding diagnosis and follow-up in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis: Results from US claims databases. Clin Rheumatol 2024:10.1007/s10067-024-06945-0. [PMID: 38658403 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe patients' use of opioids in the year preceding and year following new diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA), compared with patients without the/se diseases. METHODS This study used US IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters (CCAE) and Medicaid data and included three cohorts, comprised of incident cases of AS, PsA, or RA (2010-2017). Three matched comparator patients (without the incident disease) were selected for each patient within the disease cohort. Opioid use and appropriate treatment exposure (as defined by US guideline recommendations) in the 12-month baseline and follow-up periods were evaluated using descriptive analyses. RESULTS Prevalence of claims for opioids was higher for disease cohorts vs. comparators in CCAE; 36.4% of patients with AS, 29.5% with PsA, and 44.4% with RA did not have any claim for guideline-appropriate therapy in follow-up. Prevalence of claims for opioids was also higher for disease cohorts vs. comparators in Medicaid; 30.6% of patients with AS, 36.6% with PsA, and 65.4% with RA did not have any claim for guideline-appropriate therapy in follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In patients with AS, PsA, or RA, there was high reliance on opioids at and around the time of diagnosis. Significant proportions of patients were not on appropriate treatment as defined by professional society post-diagnosis guidelines; this discordance between actual patient therapies and treatment recommendations may suggest a need for better awareness of appropriate pain management and treatment strategies in rheumatic diseases. Key Points • This study analysed opioid use among patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and adds to current knowledge by expanding beyond assessment of opioid use at diagnosis, to the year before and after diagnosis. • Opioid use was found to be highly prevalent in AS, PsA, and RA in the year prior to diagnosis and, interestingly, was still seen during the year after diagnosis. • Opioids are neither disease modifying, nor a targeted/recommended treatment for chronic autoimmune diseases. In addition to their association with significant economic costs, opioids are potentially hazardous and are not better than alternative treatments with superior safety profiles. • The reasons behind opioid prescribing patterns should be explored further to support movement to targeted therapies.
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Barrett PM, Bruton O, Hanrahan M, White PF, Brennan A, Ertz K, Chu RW, Keogh S, Dean J, O'Mahony MT, O'Sullivan MB, Sheahan A, Murray D. A large outbreak of the Kappa mutation of COVID-19 in Cork, Ireland, April-May 2021. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:1573-1579. [PMID: 36369600 PMCID: PMC9651878 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In May 2021, the B.1.617 variant of SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Ireland, and both Delta and Kappa sub-lineages were initially deemed variants of concern (VOCs) on a precautionary basis. We describe a large outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.1 (Kappa mutation) linked to a private gathering among third level students in Cork, Ireland. METHODS Surveillance data were available from the Health Service Executive COVID Care Tracker. The epidemiological sequence of infection for each new case in this outbreak was tracked and whole genome sequencing was requested on all linked cases. Enhanced public health control measures were implemented by the Department of Public Health HSE-South to contain onward spread of VOCs, including retrospective contact tracing, lengthy isolation and quarantine periods for cases and close contacts. Extensive surveillance efforts were used to describe and control onward transmission. RESULTS There were 146 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases linked to the outbreak. All sequenced cases (53/146; 36%) confirmed Kappa mutation. The median age was 21 years (range 17-65). The majority (88%) had symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. There were 407 close contacts; the median was 3 per case (range 0-14). There were no known hospitalisations, ICU admissions or deaths. Vaccination data was unavailable, but the outbreak pre-dated routine availability of COVID-19 vaccines among younger adults in Ireland. CONCLUSION Enhanced public health control measures for new and emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 may be burdensome for cases and close contacts. The overall public health benefit of enhanced controls may only become apparent when evidence on disease transmissibility and severity becomes more complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Barrett
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - O Bruton
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - M Hanrahan
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - P F White
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Brennan
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - K Ertz
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - R W Chu
- School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - S Keogh
- Cork Complex Contact Tracing Centre, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - J Dean
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M T O'Mahony
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - M B O'Sullivan
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Sheahan
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - D Murray
- Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Douglas Road, Cork, Ireland
- National Cancer Registry Ireland, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
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Coates LC, de Wit M, Buchanan-Hughes A, Smulders M, Sheahan A, Ogdie AR. Residual Disease Associated with Suboptimal Treatment Response in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Systematic Review of Real-World Evidence. Rheumatol Ther 2022; 9:803-821. [PMID: 35412298 PMCID: PMC9127027 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-022-00443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic literature review aimed to identify and summarise real-world observational studies reporting the type, prevalence and/or severity of residual symptoms and disease in adults with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who have received treatment and been assessed against remission or low disease activity targets. Methods Patients had received treatment and been assessed with treat-to-target metrics, including minimal disease activity (MDA), Disease Activity Index in PsA (DAPSA) and others. MEDLINE, Embase® and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) were searched using search terms for PsA, treatment targets and observational studies. Screening of search results was completed by two independent reviewers; studies were included if they reported relevant residual disease outcomes in adults with PsA who had received one or more pharmacological treatments for PsA in a real-world setting. Non-observational studies were excluded. Information from included studies was extracted into a prespecified grid by a single reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Results Database searching yielded 2328 articles, of which 42 publications (27 unique studies) were included in this systematic literature review. Twenty-three studies reported outcomes for MDA-assessed patients, and 14 studies reported outcomes for DAPSA-assessed patients. Physician- and patient-reported residual disease was less frequent and/or severe in patients reaching targets, but often not absent, including when patients achieved very low disease activity (VLDA) or remission. For example, studies reported that 0–8% patients in remission according to DAPSA (or clinical DAPSA) had > 1 tender joint, 25–39% had Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score > 1 and 0–10% had patient-reported pain > 15. Residual disease was usually less frequent and/or severe among patients achieving MDA-assessed targets versus DAPSA-assessed targets, especially for skin outcomes. Conclusion The findings demonstrate a need for further optimisation of care for patients with PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Coates
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Maartje Smulders
- UCB Pharma, Anderlecht, Belgium
- Present Address: Astellas Pharma Europe B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alexis R. Ogdie
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Anjohrin S, Sheahan A, Suruki R, Stark JL, Sloan VS. Occurrence of Possible Rheumatologic Immune-Related Adverse Events (rh-irAEs) Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Therapy. Rheumatol Ther 2021; 8:1651-1659. [PMID: 34491550 PMCID: PMC8572292 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current epidemiologic literature of rheumatologic immune-related adverse events (rh-irAEs) consists of clinical trials, case reports, or smaller, single-center series. We evaluate the occurrence of rh-irAEs during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy from US commercial claims data. Methods Patients newly initiating ICI therapy in commercial claims data were eligible for inclusion. Rh-irAEs were defined using ≥ 1 International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 or ICD-10-Clinical Modification (CM) claims for selected events, ranging from joint pain and myalgia to ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis. The percentage of patients experiencing rh-irAEs after ICI initiation was determined. Results A total of 5722 patients initiating an ICI between January 1, 2012, and June 30, 2018, were included; 201 patients (3.5%) had a history of rheumatic disease. Among the 5521 patients without a history of rheumatic disease, 29.6% experienced ≥ 1 rh-irAE in follow-up, decreasing to 22.6% when assessing events for which there was no diagnostic history. Limiting to claims for rh-irAE with a rheumatologist provider, the proportion of patients experiencing an event decreased to 0.9%. Among patients with a history of rheumatic disease, 71.6% experienced ≥ 1 rh-irAE. Limiting to events for which the patient did not have a history during baseline, 35.3% experienced an event. Conclusions Occurrence of rh-irAEs during ICI use is higher in patients with pre-existing rheumatic disease compared to those with no pre-existing rheumatic disease. However, the most common events were not definitive rheumatic diseases but rather symptoms, such as pain in joints. Occurrence of events associated with a rheumatologist provider was substantially lower, suggesting that either patients are not referred to a rheumatologist or referral does not result in confirmation of the diagnosis by the rheumatologist. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40744-021-00359-z.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Sheahan
- UCB Pharma, 1950 Lake Park Dr SE, Smyrna, GA, 30080, USA
| | - Robert Suruki
- UCB Pharma, 1950 Lake Park Dr SE, Smyrna, GA, 30080, USA
| | | | - Victor S Sloan
- The Peace Corps, Washington, DC, USA.,Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Grellmann C, Dombrowsky W, Fabricius V, Suruki R, Sheahan A, Joeres L. Epidemiology and Treatment of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis in Germany: A Real-World Evidence Study. Adv Ther 2021; 38:366-385. [PMID: 33128201 PMCID: PMC7854418 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis (PSO) are chronic inflammatory diseases that have a substantial impact on patients’ health. This retrospective database study aimed to assess the epidemiology, comorbidities, diagnosis and treatment patterns of RA, PsA and PSO in the German population. Methods Data were extracted from the Deutsche Forschungsdatenbank für Abrechnungsinformationen der Krankenversicherung database from 2012 to 2016 for patients aged ≥ 18 years holding full health coverage in the reporting year at least. Diagnoses were defined according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes. Reported outcomes included prevalence and incidence rates, pre-defined comorbidities, diagnosing and treating physicians, and treatment exposure. A subgroup analysis was performed for women of childbearing age (females aged 18–45 years). Results The prevalence rates of RA, PsA and PSO in Germany were consistent over the study period; by 2016 they were 0.4%, 0.3% and 2.1%, respectively, and in women of childbearing age they were 0.2%, 0.2% and 1.5%, respectively. RA, PsA and PSO were predominantly observed among patients aged > 45 years. RA and PsA were more prevalent in women, while PSO had an approximately equal gender distribution. Depressive episodes were the most frequently reported comorbidity in 2016 (RA: 25.7%; PsA: 25.1%; PSO: 17.8%), and this was similar in women of childbearing age (RA: 20.5%; PsA: 23.4%; PSO: 16.3%). Approximately 50% of patients with RA and PsA and 6% of patients with PSO were receiving systemic treatment in 2016, of which methotrexate (RA: 38.4%; PsA: 30.2%; PSO: 2.2%) was most common. Biologic therapies were the least frequently used treatment options (RA: 28.9%; PsA: 20.9%; PSO: 1.8%). Conclusions This analysis provides key epidemiological information for patients with RA, PsA and PSO, including in women of childbearing age, in Germany and highlights common comorbidities and that patients were likely receiving insufficient treatment for these diagnoses. Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12325-020-01522-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Grabich S, Sheahan A, Baxter R, Suruki R. 15002 Higher prevalence of comorbidities, comedications, and biologic discontinuation in female psoriasis patients in the real world. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ni Bhuachalla C, Murphy N, O'Sullivan M, O' Mahony M, Buckley C, Foley-Nolan C, Murray D, Brennan A, Sheahan A. Covid-19: The Irish Public Health Experience. Ir Med J 2020; 113:117. [PMID: 32818367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Ni Bhuachalla
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - N Murphy
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - M O'Sullivan
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - M O' Mahony
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Buckley
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Foley-Nolan
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - D Murray
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Brennan
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Sheahan
- Department of Public Health, HSE - South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Sloan VS, Sheahan A, Stark JL, Suruki RY. Opioid Use in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Is Common in the United States: Outcomes of a Retrospective Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:1450-1457. [PMID: 30647189 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.180972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of chronic opioid use in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to compare the characteristics of patients with and without chronic opioid use. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with AS identified in the Truven Health MarketScan Research database between January 1, 2012, and March 31, 2017. Commercial and Medicaid claims data were examined using both specific (720.0 and M45.x) and broader (720.x and M45.x) International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding definitions. Patients were aged ≥ 18 years on the date of first qualifying ICD code occurrence (the index date). Demographics and clinical characteristics were assessed in the 12-month period preceding the index date. The 12-month followup period was used to assess prevalence and characteristics of chronic opioid use. RESULTS Chronic opioid use was common among patients with commercial claims (23.5% of ICD 720.0 patients; 27.3% of ICD 720.x patients), and especially those with Medicaid claims (57.1% and 76.7%, respectively). The proportion of patients with claims for anti-tumor necrosis factor therapies during followup was often low, and for Medicaid patients was lower among those with chronic opioid use (29.6% of ICD 720.0 patients; 2.3% of ICD 720.x patients) than those without (47.1% and 7.1%, respectively). Among chronic opioid users in all cohorts, the cumulative supply of opioids was typically high (≥ 270 days in the followup period); most opioids prescribed were Schedule II. CONCLUSION Patients with AS receive opioids with disturbing frequency. The infrequent prescription of recommended therapies to these patients reflects a need to optimize treatment further through education of patients and healthcare professionals alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor S Sloan
- From UCB Pharma, Raleigh, North Carolina; Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey; UCB Pharma, Smyrna, Georgia, USA. .,V.S. Sloan, MD, FACP, FACR, Vice President and Development Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh, and Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; A. Sheahan, PhD, Real World Evidence Lead Scientist (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh; J.L. Stark, MD, Head of Medical Affairs (Rheumatology), UCB Pharma, Smyrna; R.Y. Suruki, ScD, Real World Evidence Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh.
| | - Anna Sheahan
- From UCB Pharma, Raleigh, North Carolina; Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey; UCB Pharma, Smyrna, Georgia, USA.,V.S. Sloan, MD, FACP, FACR, Vice President and Development Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh, and Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; A. Sheahan, PhD, Real World Evidence Lead Scientist (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh; J.L. Stark, MD, Head of Medical Affairs (Rheumatology), UCB Pharma, Smyrna; R.Y. Suruki, ScD, Real World Evidence Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh
| | - Jeffrey L Stark
- From UCB Pharma, Raleigh, North Carolina; Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey; UCB Pharma, Smyrna, Georgia, USA.,V.S. Sloan, MD, FACP, FACR, Vice President and Development Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh, and Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; A. Sheahan, PhD, Real World Evidence Lead Scientist (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh; J.L. Stark, MD, Head of Medical Affairs (Rheumatology), UCB Pharma, Smyrna; R.Y. Suruki, ScD, Real World Evidence Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh
| | - Robert Y Suruki
- From UCB Pharma, Raleigh, North Carolina; Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey; UCB Pharma, Smyrna, Georgia, USA.,V.S. Sloan, MD, FACP, FACR, Vice President and Development Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh, and Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; A. Sheahan, PhD, Real World Evidence Lead Scientist (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh; J.L. Stark, MD, Head of Medical Affairs (Rheumatology), UCB Pharma, Smyrna; R.Y. Suruki, ScD, Real World Evidence Strategy Lead (Immunology), UCB Pharma, Raleigh
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Bambury N, Buckley C, MacSweeney M, Buckley K, Sheahan A. A review of management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in a TB contact tracing service in Cork, Ireland. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Cunningham FC, Matthews V, Sheahan A, Bailie J, Bailie RS. Assessing Collaboration in a National Research Partnership in Quality Improvement in Indigenous Primary Health Care: A Network Approach. Front Public Health 2018; 6:182. [PMID: 29988543 PMCID: PMC6026655 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The ABCD National Research Partnership was formed in mid-2010 as a collaboration to harness the expertise, experiences and resources of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community-controlled peak bodies, government and research organisations to improve the quality of Indigenous primary health care. The aim of this study was to apply social network methods to assess collaboration and functioning of the Partnership at two time-points. Methods: A social network analysis (SNA) survey was conducted in early 2013, with a follow-up survey in mid-2014. In the two survey rounds, online surveys were emailed to one senior person of the organisation participating in the Partnership (2013: 14 organisations; 2014: 11 organisations). The surveys collected data on respondent perceptions of the Partnership as well as social network relationship data. Social network methods were used to apply standardised metrics to assess how well the partnership was functioning as a collaborative three years into its operation, and in its fourth year. Results: Most respondents rated the Partnership as successful in progressing toward its goals. Network density and centrality scores show a well-connected partnership spanning different organisational types and states/territories (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia, and Far-West New South Wales). High centrality scores reflect high connectivity between key hubs in the network, contributing toward the shared goal of improved Indigenous primary health care. Network diagrams show key structural positions by organisational type, the frequency and intensity of interactions and the strengths and potential vulnerabilities in the partnership network, with comparisons at two time points for the partnership. Conclusions: The study found that the Partnership was effective in securing collaboration across its partners. Partners' contribution of resources reflected their active involvement. There was a high level of agreement on the achievement of the key goals of the Partnership, showing shared sense-making amongst partners. SNA tools assisted with monitoring the network over time to develop strategies supporting connections between partners for sustaining collaborative learning. Study findings identify successful approaches for a research partnership to improve quality of care in Indigenous primary health care and provide encouragement for wider applications for research partnerships and collaborations in Australia and internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances C Cunningham
- Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Diseases Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Spring Hill, QLD, Australia
| | - Veronica Matthews
- University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Sheahan
- Queensland Aboriginal and Islander Health Council, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jodie Bailie
- University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Ross S Bailie
- University of Sydney, University Centre for Rural Health, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
Noroviruses are among the most common cause of diarrhea in transplant recipients. The clinical spectrum of norovirus infection after transplant is increasingly being recognized. As substantial morbidity is now associated with norovirus infections in this population; the quest for rapid diagnostic modalities and newer therapies has expanded. Transplant recipients with norovirus infection are at risk for several complications, including protracted illness with malnutrition, organ failure, and chronic viral shedding. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiology, complications, diagnosis, and treatment of norovirus infection in the transplant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Angarone
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 N Michigan Avenue, Suite 900, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Anna Sheahan
- Infection Control and Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mini Kamboj
- Infection Control and Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Sheahan A, Copeland G, Richardson L, McKay S, Chou A, Babady NE, Tang YW, Boulad F, Eagan J, Sepkowitz K, Kamboj M. Control of norovirus outbreak on a pediatric oncology unit. Am J Infect Control 2015; 43:1066-9. [PMID: 26164767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing treatment for cancer with chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell recipients are at risk for severe morbidity caused by norovirus (NV). METHODS We describe a NV outbreak on the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center's pediatric oncology unit. Stool testing for diagnosis of NV was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Twelve NV cases occurred; 7 were hospital acquired. Twenty-five health care workers reported NV compatible illness. Patient-to-patient transmission occurred once. The practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were supplemented with electronic surveillance, surrogate screening for NV, and heightened cleaning. Two additional cases occurred after implementation of interventions. Long-term shedding was detected in 2 patients. CONCLUSION We describe interventions for controlling NV on a pediatric oncology unit. High-risk chronic shedders pose ongoing transmission risks. PCR is a valuable diagnostic tool but may be overly sensitive. Surrogate markers to assess NV burden in stool and studies on NV screening are needed to develop guidelines for high-risk chronic shedders.
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Kamboj M, Xiao K, Kaltsas A, Huang YT, Sun J, Chung D, Wu S, Sheahan A, Sepkowitz K, Jakubowski AA, Papanicolaou G. Clostridium difficile infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant: strain diversity and outcomes associated with NAP1/027. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 20:1626-33. [PMID: 24973628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients are at high risk for developing Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). We studied the incidence, risk factors, NAP1/027 prevalence, and clinical outcomes, including acute lower gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GI GVHD), associated with early CDI in this population. A retrospective review was conducted of patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center from January 1, 2005 to September 30, 2010. Early CDI was defined as infection occurring from day -10 to day +40 from stem cell infusion. Among 793 patients who received allogeneic HSCTs, early CDI occurred in 11.9%; 56% cases were between day -5 and day +5. Overall incidence was 25.2 cases/10,000 at-risk days. There was a high prevalence of NAP1/027 strains during peak incidence (61% in 2008). NAP1/027 was the most common strain in both adult and pediatric cases (24% and 23%, respectively). CDI was clinically mild, including those due to NAP1/027. Metronidazole was the primary treatment for 91 of 94 patients, 7 of 8 cases refractory to metronidazole had no response to vancomycin, and none was due to NAP1/027. Relapse of CDI was common (31%). The cumulative incidence of GI GVHD in patients with and without early CDI was 6.8% and 8%, respectively (P = .5). Most cases of CDI occurred during conditioning or immediately after transplant. Despite high prevalence of NAP1/027, we found only mild disease. Most patients were treated successfully with metronidazole, irrespective of NAP1/027 status. There was no significant association between early CDI and subsequent development of GI GVHD. This study demonstrates the high incidence of CDI early after allogeneic HSCT with wide diversity among infecting strains. Despite the high prevalence of NAP1/027, the disease is mild but relapses are common. No association was found between CDI and subsequent development of GI GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mini Kamboj
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York.
| | - Kun Xiao
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anna Kaltsas
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Yao-Ting Huang
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Janet Sun
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dick Chung
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Saliangi Wu
- Department of Hematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Anna Sheahan
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kent Sepkowitz
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Ann A Jakubowski
- Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York; Adult Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Genovefa Papanicolaou
- Services of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York
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Richardson L, Sheahan A, Babady NE, Eagan J, Kamboj M. 795Comparison of respiratory viral shedding with culture and PCR based method in persons with hematologic malignancy. Open Forum Infect Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofu052.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Burns K, Morris D, Murchan S, Cunney R, Smyth E, Power M, Schaffer K, Collins C, Sheahan A, Cormican M, Fitzpatrick F. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Irish critical care units: results of a pilot prevalence survey, June 2011. J Hosp Infect 2012; 83:71-3. [PMID: 23149057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in Ireland is changing, with an increase in the number of reported cases in late 2010 and early 2011. Reported cases were predominantly linked to critical care units. In June 2011, a four-week national pilot survey took place in 40 Irish critical care units (37 adult and three paediatric) to examine the prevalence of rectal carriage of CPE and inform national CPE screening guidelines. A total of 760 screening swabs were taken over the study period, and CPE were not detected in any of the participating critical care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Burns
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
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Sheahan A, Foley-Nolan C, Cahill D. Non-national mothers and their babies--the challenges. Ir Med J 2003; 96:313. [PMID: 14870816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
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