1
|
Titze VM, Caixeiro S, Dinh VS, König M, Rübsam M, Pathak N, Schumacher AL, Germer M, Kukat C, Niessen CM, Schubert M, Gather MC. Hyperspectral confocal imaging for high-throughput readout and analysis of bio-integrated microlasers. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:928-959. [PMID: 38238582 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00924-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Integrating micro- and nanolasers into live cells, tissue cultures and small animals is an emerging and rapidly evolving technique that offers noninvasive interrogation and labeling with unprecedented information density. The bright and distinct spectra of such lasers make this approach particularly attractive for high-throughput applications requiring single-cell specificity, such as multiplexed cell tracking and intracellular biosensing. The implementation of these applications requires high-resolution, high-speed spectral readout and advanced analysis routines, which leads to unique technical challenges. Here, we present a modular approach consisting of two separate procedures. The first procedure instructs users on how to efficiently integrate different types of lasers into living cells, and the second procedure presents a workflow for obtaining intracellular lasing spectra with high spectral resolution and up to 125-kHz readout rate and starts from the construction of a custom hyperspectral confocal microscope. We provide guidance on running hyperspectral imaging routines for various experimental designs and recommend specific workflows for processing the resulting large data sets along with an open-source Python library of functions covering the analysis pipeline. We illustrate three applications including the rapid, large-volume mapping of absolute refractive index by using polystyrene microbead lasers, the intracellular sensing of cardiac contractility with polystyrene microbead lasers and long-term cell tracking by using semiconductor nanodisk lasers. Our sample preparation and imaging procedures require 2 days, and setting up the hyperspectral confocal microscope for microlaser characterization requires <2 weeks to complete for users with limited experience in optical and software engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera M Titze
- Centre of Biophotonics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Soraya Caixeiro
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vinh San Dinh
- Centre of Biophotonics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Matthias König
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Rübsam
- Department of Cell Biology of the Skin, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Disease (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nachiket Pathak
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Schumacher
- FACS & Imaging Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximilian Germer
- FACS & Imaging Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Kukat
- FACS & Imaging Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carien M Niessen
- Department of Cell Biology of the Skin, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Disease (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcel Schubert
- Centre of Biophotonics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Malte C Gather
- Centre of Biophotonics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Disease (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vossen C, Schmidt P, Wunderlich CM, Mittenbühler MJ, Tapken C, Wienand P, Mirabella PN, Cabot L, Schumacher AL, Folz-Donahue K, Kukat C, Voigt I, Brüning JC, Fenselau H, Wunderlich FT. An Approach to Intersectionally Target Mature Enteroendocrine Cells in the Small Intestine of Mice. Cells 2024; 13:102. [PMID: 38201306 PMCID: PMC10778503 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) constitute only a small proportion of Villin-1 (Vil1)-expressing intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of the gastrointestinal tract; yet, in sum, they build the largest endocrine organ of the body, with each of them storing and releasing a distinct set of peptides for the control of feeding behavior, glucose metabolism, and gastrointestinal motility. Like all IEC types, EECs are continuously renewed from intestinal stem cells in the crypt base and terminally differentiate into mature subtypes while moving up the crypt-villus axis. Interestingly, EECs adjust their hormonal secretion according to their migration state as EECs receive altering differentiation signals along the crypt-villus axis and thus undergo functional readaptation. Cell-specific targeting of mature EEC subtypes by specific promoters is challenging because the expression of EEC-derived peptides and their precursors is not limited to EECs but are also found in other organs, such as the brain (e.g., Cck and Sst) as well as in the pancreas (e.g., Sst and Gcg). Here, we describe an intersectional genetic approach that enables cell type-specific targeting of functionally distinct EEC subtypes by combining a newly generated Dre-recombinase expressing mouse line (Vil1-2A-DD-Dre) with multiple existing Cre-recombinase mice and mouse strains with rox and loxP sites flanked stop cassettes for transgene expression. We found that transgene expression in triple-transgenic mice is highly specific in I but not D and L cells in the terminal villi of the small intestine. The targeting of EECs only in terminal villi is due to the integration of a defective 2A separating peptide that, combined with low EEC intrinsic Vil1 expression, restricts our Vil1-2A-DD-Dre mouse line and the intersectional genetic approach described here only applicable for the investigation of mature EEC subpopulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vossen
- Obesity and Cancer Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Patricia Schmidt
- Obesity and Cancer Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Claudia Maria Wunderlich
- Obesity and Cancer Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Joyce Mittenbühler
- Obesity and Cancer Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Claas Tapken
- Obesity and Cancer Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Wienand
- Obesity and Cancer Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul Nicolas Mirabella
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Research Group Synaptic Transmission in Energy Homeostasis, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Leonie Cabot
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Research Group Synaptic Transmission in Energy Homeostasis, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Schumacher
- FACS & Imaging Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (A.-L.S.)
| | - Kat Folz-Donahue
- FACS & Imaging Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (A.-L.S.)
| | - Christian Kukat
- FACS & Imaging Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (A.-L.S.)
| | - Ingo Voigt
- Transgenic Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Jens C. Brüning
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Department of neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Fenselau
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Research Group Synaptic Transmission in Energy Homeostasis, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - F. Thomas Wunderlich
- Obesity and Cancer Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany; (P.N.M.); (J.C.B.); (H.F.)
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rivera-Mejías P, Narbona-Pérez ÁJ, Hasberg L, Kroczek L, Bahat A, Lawo S, Folz-Donahue K, Schumacher AL, Ahola S, Mayer FC, Giavalisco P, Nolte H, Lavandero S, Langer T. The mitochondrial protease OMA1 acts as a metabolic safeguard upon nuclear DNA damage. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112332. [PMID: 37002921 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic plasticity of mitochondria ensures cell development, differentiation, and survival. The peptidase OMA1 regulates mitochondrial morphology via OPA1 and stress signaling via DELE1 and orchestrates tumorigenesis and cell survival in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Here, we use unbiased systems-based approaches to show that OMA1-dependent cell survival depends on metabolic cues. A metabolism-focused CRISPR screen combined with an integrated analysis of human gene expression data found that OMA1 protects against DNA damage. Nucleotide deficiencies induced by chemotherapeutic agents promote p53-dependent apoptosis of cells lacking OMA1. The protective effect of OMA1 does not depend on OMA1 activation or OMA1-mediated OPA1 and DELE1 processing. OMA1-deficient cells show reduced glycolysis and accumulate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins upon DNA damage. OXPHOS inhibition restores glycolysis and confers resistance against DNA damage. Thus, OMA1 dictates the balance between cell death and survival through the control of glucose metabolism, shedding light on its role in cancerogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rivera-Mejías
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Advanced Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | | | - Lidwina Hasberg
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lara Kroczek
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Amir Bahat
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Lawo
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kat Folz-Donahue
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Sofia Ahola
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Center for Advanced Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vesting AJ, Jais A, Klemm P, Steuernagel L, Wienand P, Fog-Tonnesen M, Hvid H, Schumacher AL, Kukat C, Nolte H, Georgomanolis T, Altmüller J, Pasparakis M, Schmidt A, Krüger M, Supprian MS, Waisman A, Straub BK, Raschzok N, Bernier M, Birkenfeld AL, Hövelmeyer N, Brüning JC, Wunderlich FT. NIK/MAP3K14 in hepatocytes orchestrates NASH to hepatocellular carcinoma progression via JAK2/STAT5 inhibition. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101626. [PMID: 36356831 PMCID: PMC9676392 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which often progresses to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through a largely undefined mechanism. NASH and HCC depend on inflammatory signaling, whose master regulator is the NFκB transcription factor family, activated by canonical and non-canonical pathways. METHODS Here, we investigated non-canonical NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK/MAP3K14) in metabolic NASH, NASH to HCC transition, and DEN-induced HCC. To this end, we performed dietary and chemical interventions in mice that were analyzed via single nucleus sequencing, gene expression and histochemical methods. Ultimately, we verified our mouse results in human patient samples. RESULTS We revealed that hepatocyte-specific NIK deficiency (NIKLKO) ameliorated metabolic NASH complications and reduced hepatocarcinogenesis, independent of its role in the NFκB pathway. Instead, hepatic NIK attenuated hepatoprotective JAK2/STAT5 signaling that is a prerequisite for NASH and NASH to HCC progression in mice and humans. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest NIK-mediated inhibitory JAK2 phosphorylation at serine 633 that might be amenable for future therapeutic interventions in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Juliane Vesting
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Jais
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paul Klemm
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas Steuernagel
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Wienand
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Morten Fog-Tonnesen
- Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Henning Hvid
- Pathology & Imaging, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, DK-2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Anna-Lena Schumacher
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Kukat
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Janine Altmüller
- University of Cologne, Cologne Center for Genomics, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmidt
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidt Supprian
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, TranslaTUM, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, 81675 Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Beate Katharina Straub
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nathanael Raschzok
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité-University School of Medicine, 13353 Berlin, Germany- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany and Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Internal Medicine IV, Clinic of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Internal medicine IV, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine of the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72016 Tübingen, Germany and Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Zentrum München an der Uniklinik Tübingen, Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung (DZD), Germany
| | - Nadine Hövelmeyer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens C Brüning
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Thomas Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 26, 50924 Cologne, Germany, Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|