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Pfnür A, Tosin D, Petkov M, Sharon O, Mayer B, Wirtz CR, Knoll A, Pala A. Exploring complications following cranioplasty after decompressive hemicraniectomy: A retrospective bicenter assessment of autologous, PMMA and CAD implants. Neurosurg Rev 2024; 47:72. [PMID: 38285230 PMCID: PMC10824806 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Cranioplasty (CP) after decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) is a common neurosurgical procedure with a high complication rate. The best material for the repair of large cranial defects is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate different implant materials regarding surgery related complications after CP. Type of materials include the autologous bone flap (ABF), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), calcium phosphate reinforced with titanium mesh (CaP-Ti), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and hydroxyapatite (HA). A retrospective, descriptive, observational bicenter study was performed, medical data of all patients who underwent CP after DHC between January 1st, 2016 and December 31st, 2022 were analyzed. Follow-up was until December 31st, 2023. 139 consecutive patients with a median age of 54 years who received either PMMA (56/139; 40.3%), PEEK (35/139; 25.2%), CaP-Ti (21/139; 15.1%), ABF (25/139; 18.0%) or HA (2/139; 1.4%) cranial implant after DHC were included in the study. Median time from DHC to CP was 117 days and median follow-up period was 43 months. Surgical site infection was the most frequent surgery-related complication (13.7%; 19/139). PEEK implants were mostly affected (28.6%; 10/35), followed by ABF (20%; 5/25), CaP-Ti implants (9.5%; 2/21) and PMMA implants (1.7%, 1/56). Explantation was necessary for 9 PEEK implants (25.7%; 9/35), 6 ABFs (24.0%; 6/25), 3 CaP-Ti implants (14.3%; 3/21) and 4 PMMA implants (7.1%; 4/56). Besides infection, a postoperative hematoma was the most common cause. Median surgical time was 106 min, neither longer surgical time nor use of anticoagulation were significantly related to higher infection rates (p = 0.547; p = 0.152 respectively). Ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation prior to CP was noted in 33.8% (47/139) and not significantly associated with surgical related complications. Perioperative lumbar drainage, due to bulging brain, inserted in 38 patients (27.3%; 38/139) before surgery was protective when it comes to explantation of the implant (p = 0.035). Based on our results, CP is still related to a relatively high number of infections and further complications. Implant material seems to have a high effect on postoperative infections, since surgical time, anticoagulation therapy and hydrocephalus did not show a statistically significant effect on postoperative complications in this study. PEEK implants and ABFs seem to possess higher risk of postoperative infection. More biocompatible implants such as CaP-Ti might be beneficial. Further, prospective studies are necessary to answer this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pfnür
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - D Tosin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
| | - M Petkov
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
| | - O Sharon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - B Mayer
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Schwabstraße 13, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - C R Wirtz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
| | - A Knoll
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Pala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulm, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
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Stuebs FA, Koch MC, Dietl AK, Schulmeyer CE, Behrens AS, Seibold A, Adler W, Geppert C, Hartman A, Knoll A, Beckmann MW, Gass P, Mehlhorn G. Management of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Pregnant Women. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:3153-3158. [PMID: 37352006 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aims of the present study were to evaluate the accuracy of colposcopic findings, investigate the way in which untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3 develops during pregnancy, and identify factors associated with regression, persistence, or progression rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a tertiary gynecology and obstetrics department, 655 pregnant women were seen for colposcopy. The most common reason for referral was abnormal cytology findings. The follow-up findings were analyzed retrospectively on the basis of colposcopic findings and cytological and histological tests. RESULTS The rate of accuracy for major colposcopic findings was 89.2%. Among the colposcopic findings considered "suspicious for invasion" were invasive carcinoma in 42.9% and CIN 3 in 57.1%. The persistence of CIN 3 postpartum was 80% and the rate of progression 4.1%. The rate of regression for CIN 3 was 21.9%. For CIN 2, the rate of persistence was 37.5%, with a regression rate of 31.3%. The rate of regression was higher after vaginal delivery in comparison with caesarean section. CONCLUSION The accuracy rate of colposcopy is comparatively high, at 89.2%. This might be because pregnant women are seen by more experienced examiners in our dysplasia unit. The rate of progression is comparable with that in other studies. Vaginal delivery increases the regression rate. The newborns' birth weight or birth week did not affect the rates of regression or persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik A Stuebs
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Martin C Koch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, ANregiomed Ansbach Hospital, Ansbach, Germany
| | - Anna K Dietl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carla E Schulmeyer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annika S Behrens
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Seibold
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Werner Adler
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carol Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartman
- Institute of Pathology, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antje Knoll
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Gass
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Grit Mehlhorn
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Gynecology Consultancy Practice, German Cancer Society (DKG) and Committee on Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (AG-CPC) certified Gynecological Dysplasia Consultancy Practice, Frauenarztpraxis Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Schwertheim A, Rosati Azevedo E, Liu G, Bosch Borràs E, Bianchi L, Knoll A. Interlaboratory validation of a hanging pendulum thrust balance for electric propulsion testing. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:034502. [PMID: 33820057 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A hanging pendulum thrust balance has been developed by Imperial College London in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA) to characterize a wide range of static fire electric propulsion and chemical micro-propulsion devices with thrust in the range of 1 mN to 1 N. The thrusters under investigation are mounted on a pendulum platform, which is suspended from the support structure using stainless steel flexures. The displacement of the platform is measured using an optical laser triangulation sensor. Thermal stability is ensured by a closed loop self-compensating heating system. The traceability and stability of the calibration are ensured using two separate calibration subsystems: a voice coil actuator and a servomotor pulley system. Two nearly identical thrust balances have been constructed, with one being tested in the Imperial Plasma Propulsion Laboratory and the other in the ESA Propulsion Laboratory. Both balances show a high degree of linearity in the range of 0.5 mN-100 mN. Both instruments have demonstrated a stable calibration over several days, with an estimated standard deviation on thrust measurements better than 0.27 mN for low thrust measurements. The same electric propulsion test article was used during both tests: a Quad Confinement Thruster (QCT) variant called QCT Phoenix. This thruster differed from previous QCT designs by having a newly optimized magnetic topology. The device produced thrust up to 2.21 ± 0.22 mN with a maximum specific impulse of 274 ± 41 s for an anode power range of 50 W-115 W.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schwertheim
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
| | - E Rosati Azevedo
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
| | - G Liu
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
| | - E Bosch Borràs
- European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - L Bianchi
- European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - A Knoll
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
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Stejskalova K, Janova E, Horecky C, Horecka E, Vaclavek P, Hubalek Z, Relling K, Cvanova M, D'Amico G, Mihalca AD, Modry D, Knoll A, Horin P. Associations between the presence of specific antibodies to the West Nile Virus infection and candidate genes in Romanian horses from the Danube delta. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:4453-4461. [PMID: 31175514 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04900-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus causing meningoencephalitis in humans and animals. Due to their particular susceptibility to WNV infection, horses serve as a sentinel species. In a population of Romanian semi-feral horses living in the Danube delta region, we have analyzed the distribution of candidate polymorphic genetic markers between anti WNV-IgG seropositive and seronegative horses. Thirty-six SNPs located in 28 immunity-related genes and 26 microsatellites located in the MHC and LY49 complex genomic regions were genotyped in 57 seropositive and 32 seronegative horses. The most significant association (pcorr < 0.0002) was found for genotypes composed of markers of the SLC11A1 and TLR4 genes. Markers of five other candidate genes (ADAM17, CXCR3, IL12A, MAVS, TNFA), along with 5 MHC class I and LY49-linked microsatellites were also associated with the WNV antibody status in this model horse population. The OAS1 gene, previously associated with WNV-induced clinical disease, was not associated with the presence of anti-WNV antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Stejskalova
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Janova
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - C Horecky
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-MENDELU, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Horecka
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-MENDELU, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Vaclavek
- SVU Jihlava, Rantirovska 93/20, Horni Kosov, 58601, Jihlava, Czech Republic
| | - Z Hubalek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 60365, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - K Relling
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho tr. 1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Cvanova
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - G D'Amico
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400362, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A D Mihalca
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400362, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - D Modry
- CEITEC-VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho tr. 1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - A Knoll
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-MENDELU, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Horin
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic. .,CEITEC-VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Feussner H, Wilhelm D, Navab N, Knoll A, Lüth T. Surgineering: a new type of collaboration among surgeons and engineers. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2018; 14:187-190. [PMID: 30539502 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-018-1893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Feussner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - D Wilhelm
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - N Navab
- Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures and Augmented Reality, Institute of Informatic I16, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 3, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - A Knoll
- Chair of Robotics and Embedded Systems, Institute of Informatic VI, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstraße 3, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - T Lüth
- Chair of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology, TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstraße 3, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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6
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Horecky C, Horecka E, Futas J, Janova E, Horin P, Knoll A. Microsatellite markers for evaluating the diversity of the natural killer complex and major histocompatibility complex genomic regions in domestic horses. HLA 2018; 91:271-279. [PMID: 29341455 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Genotyping microsatellite markers represents a standard, relatively easy, and inexpensive method of assessing genetic diversity of complex genomic regions in various animal species, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and/or natural killer cell receptor (NKR) genes. MHC-linked microsatellite markers have been identified and some of them were used for characterizing MHC polymorphism in various species, including horses. However, most of those were MHC class II markers, while MHC class I and III sub-regions were less well covered. No tools for studying genetic diversity of NKR complex genomic regions are available in horses. Therefore, the aims of this work were to establish a panel of markers suitable for analyzing genetic diversity of the natural killer complex (NKC), and to develop additional microsatellite markers of the MHC class I and class III genomic sub-regions in horses. Nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were newly identified in the equine NKC. Along with two previously reported microsatellites flanking this region, they constituted a panel of 11 loci allowing to characterize genetic variation in this functionally important part of the horse genome. Four newly described MHC class I/III-linked markers were added to 11 known microsatellites to establish a panel of 15 MHC markers with a better coverage of the class I and class III sub-regions. Major characteristics of the two panels produced on a group of 65 horses of 13 breeds and on five Przewalski's horses showed that they do reflect genetic variation within the horse species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Horecky
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-MENDELU, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Horecka
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-MENDELU, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Futas
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Janova
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Horin
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-VFU, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Knoll
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC-MENDELU, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Knoll A, Mewes HW, Schwaiger M, Bode A, Broy M, Daniel H, Feussner H, Gradinger R, Hauner H, Höfler H, Holzmann B, Horsch A, Kemper A, Krcmar H, Kochs EF, Lange R, Leidl R, Mansmann U, Mayr EW, Meitinger T, Molls M, Navab N, Nüsslin F, Peschel C, Reiser M, Ring J, Rummeny EJ, Schlichter J, Schmid R, Wichmann HE, Ziegler S, Kuhn KA. Informatics and Medicine. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.3414/me9117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Objectives: To clarify challenges and research topics for informatics in health and to describe new approaches for interdisciplinary collaboration and education. Methods: Research challenges and possible solutions were elaborated by scientists of two universities using an interdisciplinary approach, in a series of meetings over several months. Results and Conclusion: In order to translate scientific results from bench to bedside and further into an evidence-based and efficient health system, intensive collaboration is needed between experts from medicine, biology, informatics, engineering, public health, as well as social and economic sciences. Research challenges can be attributed to four areas: bioinformatics and systems biology, biomedical engineering and informatics, health informatics and individual healthcare, and public health informatics. In order to bridge existing gaps between different disciplines and cultures, we suggest focusing on interdisciplinary education, taking an integrative approach and starting interdisciplinary practice at early stages of education.* See more detailed authors´ affiliations at the end of the article.
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Barthel A, Trematerra D, Nasseri MA, Zapp D, Lohmann CP, Knoll A, Maier M. Haptic interface for robot-assisted ophthalmic surgery. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2015:4906-9. [PMID: 26737392 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vitreo-retinal surgery is challenging, as delicate structures have to be manipulated. Eliminating tremor caused by human motions when doing micromanipulation can therefore improve the outcome of such an intervention. An eye surgery robot has been built to overcome this problem. The contribution of this paper is the design of a telemanipulation setup for the robotic system. A telemanipulation setup using a haptic device featuring force feedback as a user interface for controlling a hybrid parallel-serial micromanipulator is designed and developed. The position error control scheme is chosen and different control modes are provided. The output forces of the haptic device are analyzed. The system allows the surgeon to perform precise and comfortable micromanipulation. Nevertheless a way to provide more meaningful force feedback still has to be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Knoll
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Haifa, Israel
| | - A. Notea
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Haifa, Israel
| | - Y. Segal
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Haifa, Israel
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Wald I, Johnson GP, Amstutz J, Brownlee C, Knoll A, Jeffers J, Gunther J, Navratil P. OSPRay - A CPU Ray Tracing Framework for Scientific Visualization. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2017; 23:931-940. [PMID: 27875206 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2016.2599041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Scientific data is continually increasing in complexity, variety and size, making efficient visualization and specifically rendering an ongoing challenge. Traditional rasterization-based visualization approaches encounter performance and quality limitations, particularly in HPC environments without dedicated rendering hardware. In this paper, we present OSPRay, a turn-key CPU ray tracing framework oriented towards production-use scientific visualization which can utilize varying SIMD widths and multiple device backends found across diverse HPC resources. This framework provides a high-quality, efficient CPU-based solution for typical visualization workloads, which has already been integrated into several prevalent visualization packages. We show that this system delivers the performance, high-level API simplicity, and modular device support needed to provide a compelling new rendering framework for implementing efficient scientific visualization workflows.
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Shirley K, Knoll A, Hertza J. C-0616p11.2 Microduplication and Associated Symptoms: A Case Study Examining the Relation Between the 16p11.2 Microduplication and Developmental Factors. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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12
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Nasseri MA, Eder M, Nair S, Dean EC, Maier M, Zapp D, Lohmann CP, Knoll A. The introduction of a new robot for assistance in ophthalmic surgery. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:5682-5. [PMID: 24111027 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This paper introduces the design and development of a new robotic system to assist surgeons performing ophthalmic surgeries. The robot itself is very compact and similar to an average human hand in size. Its primary application is intraocular micromanipulation in order to overcome the existing challenges in treatment of diseases like Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO). The novel hybrid mechanism designed for this robot allows microscale motions and is stable in the presence of vibrations common in operation room (OR). The robotic system can be easily integrated into standard operation rooms and does not require modification of conventional surgical tools. This compact microsurgical system is suitable for mounting on the patient's head and thereby, solves the problem of patient motion. The compatibility of the robotic system with a real world surgical setup was evaluated and confirmed in this work.
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13
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Bergman IM, Okumura N, Uenishi H, Hammer SE, Knoll A, Edfors I, Juul-Madsen HR. Wild boars from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic and Japan possess intact mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) genes. Int J Immunogenet 2015; 42:204-7. [PMID: 25809846 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The two-nucleotide deletion recently detected in the mannose-binding lectin 2 gene in purebred and crossbred domestic pigs was not found among 68 wild boars representing 4 populations from Europe and Asia. This suggests that the deletion is a result of breeding and/or genetic drift/bottle necks.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Bergman
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - N Okumura
- Animal Research Division, Institute of Society for Techno-innovation of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - H Uenishi
- Animal Genome Research Unit, Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan.,Animal Immune and Cell Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - S E Hammer
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Knoll
- Ceitec Mendelu, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Edfors
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - H R Juul-Madsen
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
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14
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Fikenzer K, Knoll A, Lenski D, Schulz M, Böhm M, Laufs U. [Poor medication adherence and worsening of heart failure--a vicious circle]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2014; 139:2390-4. [PMID: 25390627 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite of markedly improved options for treatment, chronic heart failure is associated with recurrent worsening of symptoms. Poor medication adherence has adverse effects on frequency and progression of congestive heart failure. There are three relevant areas of problems that could be aggravated by each other:There is the problem of changes in pharmacokinetics in worsening heart failure. Proportional to the severity of heart failure, there is an existing intestinal edema and changes of intestinal bacterial colonization that may affect a drug's absorption and, hence, its efficacy.Depression and impaired cognitive function is quite common in patients with chronic heart failure. Depression both predicts hospitalization and mortality rate as well as poor medication adherence in CHF. Compared to stable CHF patients, cognitive function deteriorates significantly while decompensation leading to impaired medication adherence.Shown by recent studies, there is a higher risk for poor medication adherence after a cardiovascular event.Poor medication adherence is associated with an increased rate of cardiovascular events not only in heart failure, but also in all cardiovascular diseases. Hence, there is a need for specific and long term interventions to improve medication adherence at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fikenzer
- Abteilung für Rhythmologie, Herzzentrum Leipzig - Universitätsklinik
| | - A Knoll
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - D Lenski
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - M Schulz
- Arzneimittelkommission der Deutschen Apotheker (AMK) und Geschäftsbereich Arzneimittel der ABDA-Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Apothekerverbände, Berlin
| | - M Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - U Laufs
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
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15
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De Winter J, Dove AP, Knoll A, Gerbaux P, Dubois P, Coulembier O. Control over molar mass, dispersity, end-groups and kinetics in cyclopolymerization of ortho-phthalaldehyde: adapted choice of a phosphazene organocatalyst. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01307c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Chalupová P, Urban T, Knoll A. Association analysis of interleukin-18 gene with performance traits in Czech Large White pigs. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2013. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260050097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Cepica S, Zambonelli P, Weisz F, Bigi M, Knoll A, Vykoukalová Z, Masopust M, Gallo M, Buttazzoni L, Davoli R. Association mapping of quantitative trait loci for carcass and meat quality traits at the central part of chromosome 2 in Italian Large White pigs. Meat Sci 2013; 95:368-75. [PMID: 23747631 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Association mapping of the central part of porcine chromosome 2 harboring QTLs for carcass and meat quality traits was performed with 17 gene-tagged SNPs located between 44.0 and 77.5 Mb on a physical map (Sscrofa10.2) in Italian Large White pigs. For the analyzed animals records of estimated breeding values for average daily gain, back fat thickness, lean cuts, ham weight, feed conversion ratio, pH1, pHu, CIE L*, CIE a*, CIE b* and drip loss were available. A significant QTL for fat deposition (adjusted P=0.0081) and pH1 (adjusted P=0.0972) to MYOD1 at position 44.4 Mb and a QTL for growth and meatiness (adjusted P=0.0238-0.0601) to UBL5 at position 68.9 Mb were mapped. These results from association mapping are much more accurate than those from linkage mapping and facilitate further search for position candidate genes and causative mutations needed for application of markers through marker assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cepica
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Liběchov, Czech Republic.
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18
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Duke D, Carr H, Knoll A, Schunck N, Nam HA, Staszczak A. Visualizing Nuclear Scission through a Multifield Extension of Topological Analysis. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2012; 18:2033-2040. [PMID: 26357109 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2012.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In nuclear science, density functional theory (DFT) is a powerful tool to model the complex interactions within the atomic nucleus, and is the primary theoretical approach used by physicists seeking a better understanding of fission. However DFT simulations result in complex multivariate datasets in which it is difficult to locate the crucial `scission' point at which one nucleus fragments into two, and to identify the precursors to scission. The Joint Contour Net (JCN) has recently been proposed as a new data structure for the topological analysis of multivariate scalar fields, analogous to the contour tree for univariate fields. This paper reports the analysis of DFT simulations using the JCN, the first application of the JCN technique to real data. It makes three contributions to visualization: (i) a set of practical methods for visualizing the JCN, (ii) new insight into the detection of nuclear scission, and (iii) an analysis of aesthetic criteria to drive further work on representing the JCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Duke
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, UK.
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19
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Bergman IM, Sandholm K, Ekdahl KN, Okumura N, Uenishi H, Guldbrandtsen B, Essler SE, Knoll A, Heegaard PMH, Edfors I, Juul-Madsen HR. MBL1 genotypes in wild boar populations from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Japan. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 40:131-9. [PMID: 22672630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G949T in the mannose-binding lectin ( MBL ) 1 gene has been associated with low MBL-A concentration in serum and detected at different frequencies in various European pig populations. However, the origin of this SNP is not known. Part of the MBL1 gene was sequenced in 12 wild boar/Large White crossbred pigs from the second backcross (BC 2 ) generation in a family material originating from two wild boar x Large White intercrosses. Also, MBL-A serum concentration was measured in the entire BC 2 generation (n = 45). Furthermore, the genotypes of 68 wild boars from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Japan were determined in regard to five previously described SNPs in MBL1 . The T allele of G949T was present among the BC 2 animals. MBL-A serum concentration in the BC 2 animals showed a bimodal distribution, with one-third of the animals at levels between 0.7 and 1.6 μg mL(-1) and the remaining pigs at levels around 13 μg mL(-1) . There was a co-variation between the presence of the T allele and low MBL-A concentration in serum. The genotyping of the wild boars revealed differences between populations. The T allele of G949T was not detected in the Austrian and Japanese samples and is thus unlikely to be an original feature of wild boars. In contrast, it was present at high frequency (0.35) among the Swedish wild boars, probably representing a founder effect. Five MBL1 haplotypes were resolved. Only two of these were present among the Japanese wild boars compared to four in each of the European populations. This difference may reflect differences in selection pressure and population history.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-M Bergman
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark.
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20
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Cronstedt-Fell A, Knoll A, Loncaric I, Kübber-Heiss A. Increased incidence of Bronchonpneumonia in Wild Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) Due to an Emerging Bacterial Pathogen. J Comp Pathol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.11.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Weisz F, Bartenschlager H, Knoll A, Mileham A, Deeb N, Geldermann H, Cepica S. Association analyses of porcine SERPINE1 reveal sex-specific effects on muscling, growth, fat accretion and meat quality. Anim Genet 2011; 43:614-9. [PMID: 22497544 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02295.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 (SERPINE1) gene encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI), which is the major physiological inhibitor of tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators and plays a role in obesity and insulin resistance in women but not in men. We detected SNP FN396538:g.566G>A in intron 3 and a non-synonymous substitution NM_213910:c.612A>G in exon 3 (p.Ile159Val) and mapped the gene to position 8.4 cM on the linkage map of chromosome 3. Association analyses were conducted on the 12th-15th generation of the Meishan × Large White (MLW) cross (n = 565), with records for weight at the end of test, lifetime daily gain, test time daily gain, loin depth and backfat depth, as well as on a European wild boar × Meishan (W × M) F(2) population (n = 333) with 47 traits recorded for carcass composition and meat quality. Analyses performed across the entire MLW population or in the male animals did not show any trait significantly associated with the loci studied. In female animals, both SNPs were associated with loin depth at nominal P < 0.05 with adjusted P values equal to 0.051 (g.566) and 0.057 (c.612). Differences between homozygotes were up to 0.65 SD. In the entire W × M population and female animals, SERPINE1 was significantly associated at adjusted P < 0.05 in descending order with muscling, growth and fat accretion and in male animals with meat quality (R-value). In the studied populations, allele effects were in opposite directions, which implies that the SNPs are markers that are in linkage disequilibrium with a causative mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Weisz
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Liběchov, Czech Republic
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22
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Čepica S, Óvilo C, Masopust M, Knoll A, Fernandez A, Lopez A, Rohrer GA, Nonneman D. Four genes located on a SSC2 meat quality QTL region are associated with different meat quality traits in Landrace × Chinese-European crossbred population. Anim Genet 2011; 43:333-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02252.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Mendoza GA, Sprunk N, Baumgartner B, Schreiber U, Bauernschmitt SER, Lange R, Krane M, Knoll A. Automation of an extracorporeal support system with adaptive fuzzy controllers. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2011:1033-1036. [PMID: 22254489 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6090240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
For patients suffering from cardiogenic shock cardiopulmonary resuscitation may not be sufficient to restore normal heart function. However, their chances of survival may be increased with the use of an extracorporeal support system. With this system the patient's organs are perfused while being transported to the nearest hospital for proper treatment. In the automation of an extracorporeal support system the patient's vital signals are constantly monitored and proper adjustments are performed to improve organ perfusion. In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy controller is proposed that uses the knowledge and expertise of a perfusionist as a starting point and reference for regulation. Furthermore it is able to adapt to the patient's specific reactions by manipulating the rule base of the fuzzy controller. The performance of the adaptive fuzzy controller is tested with a simulation model of the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Mendoza
- Robotics and Embedded Systems, Faculty of Informatics, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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24
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Čepica S, Bartenschlager H, Óvilo C, Zrůstová J, Masopust M, Fernández A, López A, Knoll A, Rohrer GA, Snelling WM, Geldermann H. Porcine NAMPT gene: search for polymorphism, mapping and association studies. Anim Genet 2010; 41:646-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2010.02052.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Knoll A, Wiesmann D, Pires D, Gotsmann B, Dürig U. Probe based surface modification of polymers below 30 nm pitch. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2010; 10:4538-42. [PMID: 21128454 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2010.2367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Heated probes are used to modify the surface of polymeric thin films by thermomechanical indentation and local evaporation of material. The resolution of the processes is discussed for probe-storage and surface patterning-applications. As storage densities exceed 1 Tbit/in2, the depth of the indents becomes comparable to the natural surface roughness of the polymer. By templating an atomically flat surface this limitation can be overcome, enabling storage densities of up to 4 Tbit/in2, corresponding to an indentation half-pitch of 7.5 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Knoll
- IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Saeumerstr. 4, 8803 Rueschlikon, Switzerland
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26
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Abstract
An atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique is described combining two operating modes that previously were mutually exclusive: gentle imaging of delicate surfaces requiring slow dynamic AFM techniques, and passive feedback contact mode AFM enabling ultra-fast imaging. A high-frequency force modulation is used to excite resonant modes in the MHz range of a highly compliant cantilever force sensor with a spring constant of 0.1 N m( - 1). The high-order mode acts as a stiff system for modulating the tip-sample distance and a vibration amplitude of 1 nm is sufficient to overcome the adhesion interaction. The soft cantilever provides a force-controlled support for the vibrating tip, enabling high-speed intermittent contact force microscopy without feedback control of the cantilever bending. Using this technique, we were able to image delicate polymer surfaces and to completely suppress the formation of the ripple wear patterns that are commonly observed in contact AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Knoll
- IBM Research-Zurich, Saeumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rueschlikon, Switzerland
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27
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Veres G, Radovits T, Otila G, Hirschberg K, Haider H, Krieger N, Knoll A, Weigang E, Szabolcs Z, Karck M, Szabó G. Efficacy of the non-adenosine analogue A1 adenosine receptor agonist (BR-4935) on cardiovascular function after cardiopulmonary bypass. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 58:86-92. [PMID: 20333570 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1186271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We tested the hypothesis that pharmacological preconditioning with a newly developed, potent non-adenosine analogue A1AdoR agonist (BR-4935) improves biventricular cardiac and endothelial function after cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS Twelve anesthetized dogs underwent cardiopulmonary bypass. Dogs were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 6) received saline vehicle, group 2 (n = 6) received BR-4935 before cardiopulmonary bypass. Biventricular hemodynamic variables were measured using a combined pressure-volume conductance catheter. Coronary blood flow, ATP content, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels and vasodilatative responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were also determined. RESULTS Administration of the A1AdoR agonist led to a significantly better recovery of left and right ventricular systolic function after 60 minutes of reperfusion. Although the vasodilatative response to sodium nitroprusside was similar in both groups, acetylcholine resulted in a significantly greater increase in coronary blood flow in the BR-4935 group. In addition, the ATP content was significantly higher in the same group. Furthermore, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels significantly decreased in the A1AdoR group. CONCLUSION Pharmacological preconditioning with a new, potent non-adenosine analogue A1AdoR agonist improves biventricular function recovery and endothelial function after hypothermic cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Veres
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Mendoza G AA, Baumgartner B, Schreiber U, Eichhorn S, Krane M, Bauernschmitt R, Knoll A. Design of a fuzzy controller for the automation of an extracorporeal support system with the use of a simulation environment. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2010:6698-6701. [PMID: 21096079 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5626251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The automation of a portable extracorporeal support system may greatly help people who suffer from cardiogenic shock by providing them with an optimal oxygen perfusion and avoid mult-organ failure while being transported to a hospital. This however requires the creation of tools that help in the design of the ideal controller. In this paper a simulation environment is described were a cardiovascular model from the ISR Physiome database was used together with a model of a portable extracorporeal support system. Additionally a model of an oxygenator/blender model is introduced to allow the simulation of oxygen perfusion. Fuzzy controlling was used for automation since it allows a straightforward implementation of expert knowledge. Through the simulation environment different scenarios may be created where intensive testing is possible and constant repetition for control optimization. Initial simulation results are given of the fuzzy controller adjusting the extracorporeal flow rate and oxygen administration for a case of low cardiac output.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Mendoza G
- Robotics and Embedded Systems, Faculty of Informatics, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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Wiesmann D, Rawlings C, Vecchione R, Porro F, Gotsmann B, Knoll A, Pires D, Duerig U. Multi Tbit/in(2) storage densities with thermomechanical probes. Nano Lett 2009; 9:3171-6. [PMID: 19691279 DOI: 10.1021/nl9013666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting the spatial resolution of scanning probes presents an attractive approach for novel data storage technologies in particular for large-scale data repositories because of their inherent potential for high storage density. We show that multi-Tbit/in(2) density can be achieved by means of thermomechanically embossing the information as indentation marks into a polymer film. The data density is determined by the nonlinear interaction between closely spaced indents and the fundamental scaling relations governing the shape and size of the indents. We find that cooperative effects in polymers give rise to a minimum indentation radius on the order of the correlation length of the cooperatively rearranged region even if formed by an infinitely sharp indenter. Thus, cooperativity coupled to alpha-transitions in polymers is evinced in a real space geometrical experiment. Furthermore, we predict that indentation marks cannot be made smaller than 5 nm in diameter, which limits the feature resolution for embossing technologies in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wiesmann
- IBM Research GmbH, Saeumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rueschlikon, Switzerland
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30
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Geevarghese SK, Chen A, Geller DA, de Haan HA, Iagaru A, Knoll A, Nemunaitis J, Reid TR, Sze DY, Tanabe K. Phase II efficacy results using an oncolytic herpes simplex virus (NV1020) in patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to liver (mCRC). J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4089 Background: NV1020 is a genetically engineered oncolytic Herpes virus. Published Phase 1 dose-ranging results reported no significant related toxicity except for a mild (<24 hr) viral syndrome. Initial Phase 2 tumor response data using the optimal biological dose (OBD) are now presented. Methods: Patients with heavily pretreated, progressing liver mCRC received 4 doses of NV1020 (1 X108 pfu) by weekly hepatic artery infusion followed by two cycles of conventional chemotherapy. Follow-up (≥1 year) evaluation included 4 X 3-monthly scans, then telephone contact to determine survival. Blinded, independent radiologists interpreted CT (modified RECIST) and FDG PET (EORTC) scans. Results: All 22 patients had prior 5FU-based treatment: 77% and 58% also had oxaliplatin or irinotecan, respectively (50% both agents); 86% had one targeted therapy (24% ≥2 such agents); 29% had radiofrequency ablation. Mean time from primary resection was 95 weeks, mean CEA was 182 ng/mL, and 55% had pulmonary lesions. Two patients received only 2 NV1020 infusions due to rapidly progressing disease. Virus tolerability was unchanged from Phase 1 and no related, serious or Grade 4 toxicity was found. NV1020 neutralizing antibodies rose in all patients but no NV1020 was shed (saliva, skin). After NV1020 alone, 10/22 (45%) and 8/20 (40%) on CT and PET, respectively, showed stable disease. 21 patients subsequently received chemotherapy, 45% with drugs to which they were previously refractory and 36% with only one new drug. 14% refused both planned cycles. Best response observed with CT was 55% (1 CR, 1 PR, 10 SD) and 59% (5 PR, 8 SD) with PET. Despite intrahepatic delivery, some remote responses were observed. Response did not correlate with initial tumor size, SUV, or CEA, with time since primary resection, pre- or post NV1020 chemotherapy type. Nine (41%) remain alive > 1 year. Kaplan-Meier median time to progression is 28 weeks (95% CI [9–37]); median survival probability is 52 weeks (95% CI [36–90]). Conclusions: NV1020 stabilizes liver metastases in highly advanced mCRC and may sensitize tumors to salvage chemotherapy resulting in extended overall survival. A controlled Phase 2/3 trial is justified. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Geevarghese
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - A. Chen
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - D. A. Geller
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - H. A. de Haan
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - A. Iagaru
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - A. Knoll
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J. Nemunaitis
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - T. R. Reid
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - D. Y. Sze
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - K. Tanabe
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; MediGene Inc, San Diego, CA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Mary Crowley Medical Research Center, Dallas, TX; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Knoll A, Wiesmann D, Gotsmann B, Duerig U. Relaxation kinetics of nanoscale indents in a polymer glass. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:117801. [PMID: 19392238 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.117801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanometer scale indents have been written in a cross-linked polystyrene sample, and their relaxation has been studied at annealing temperatures well below the glass transition of the polymer. The indents represent a highly nonequilibrium state of the polymer which is subjected to mechanical stress of up to 0.4 GPa and thermal quench rates on the order of 10{8} K/s during writing. It is shown that the relaxation towards equilibrium evolves logarithmically over more than 10 orders of magnitude in time. The relaxation kinetics are accurately described in terms of a thermally activated process with an energy barrier whose magnitude decreases linearly with the distance from equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Knoll
- IBM Research, Zurich Research Laboratory, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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Altebaeumer T, Gotsmann B, Pozidis H, Knoll A, Duerig U. Nanoscale shape-memory function in highly cross-linked polymers. Nano Lett 2008; 8:4398-403. [PMID: 19367970 DOI: 10.1021/nl8022737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Topographic engraving of structures in polymer surfaces attracts widespread interest for application in imprint lithography and data storage. We study the nonlinear interaction of nanoindents written in close proximity, 20-100 nm, to one another in a highly cross-linked polystyrene matrix. The indents are created thermomechanically by applying heat and force stimuli of 10 micros duration to a tip, thereby raising the polymer temperature to 250 degrees C and exerting contact pressures of up to 1 GPa. We show that on the nanoscale plastic deformation is highly reversible providing outstanding shape-memory functionality of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Altebaeumer
- IBM Research GmbH, Zurich Research Laboratory, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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Altebaeumer T, Gotsmann B, Knoll A, Cherubini G, Duerig U. Self-similarity and finite-size effects in nano-indentation of highly cross-linked polymers. Nanotechnology 2008; 19:475301. [PMID: 21836268 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/47/475301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The scalability of thermomechanical polymer deformations in the sub-10 nm regime is of particular importance for nano-imprint techniques, hardness measurements of thin films by nano-indentations, and scanning-probe-based thermomechanical data storage. We investigate nano-indentation in the sub-10 nm regime performed on highly cross-linked polymer films of different thicknesses. It is shown that the lateral and vertical geometric characteristics of the indents independently scale down to an indent depth of 1 nm and that the scaling parameters are functions of the film thickness and the temperature of the indenter. However, in the limit of shallow indents the scaling of the cross-coupling between lateral and vertical dimensions is lost. It is argued that the breakdown of self-similarity is due to a minimum strain requirement originating from the co-operative nature of the polymer response induced by α transitions which lock the indent in the deformed state. The results shed new light on the fundamental processes and size effects involved in nanoscale plastic replication, in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Altebaeumer
- IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, CH-8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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34
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Stratil A, Knoll A, Horák P, Bílek K, Bechynová R, Bartenschlager H, Van Poucke M, Peelman LJ, Svobodová K, Geldermann H. Mapping of the porcine FBN2, YWHAQ, CNN3, DCN, POSTN, SPARC, RBM39 and GNAS genes, expressed in foetal skeletal muscles. Anim Genet 2008; 39:204-5. [PMID: 18162102 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2007.01678.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Stratil
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
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Kuhn KA, Knoll A, Mewes HW, Schwaiger M, Bode A, Broy M, Daniel H, Feussner H, Gradinger R, Hauner H, Höfler H, Holzmann B, Horsch A, Kemper A, Krcmar H, Kochs EF, Lange R, Leidl R, Mansmann U, Mayr EW, Meitinger T, Molls M, Navab N, Nüsslin F, Peschel C, Reiser M, Ring J, Rummeny EJ, Schlichter J, Schmid R, Wichmann HE, Ziegler S. Informatics and medicine--from molecules to populations. Methods Inf Med 2008; 47:283-295. [PMID: 18690362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify challenges and research topics for informatics in health and to describe new approaches for interdisciplinary collaboration and education. METHODS Research challenges and possible solutions were elaborated by scientists of two universities using an interdisciplinary approach, in a series of meetings over several months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In order to translate scientific results from bench to bedside and further into an evidence-based and efficient health system, intensive collaboration is needed between experts from medicine, biology, informatics, engineering, public health, as well as social and economic sciences. Research challenges can be attributed to four areas: bioinformatics and systems biology, biomedical engineering and informatics, health informatics and individual healthcare, and public health informatics. In order to bridge existing gaps between different disciplines and cultures, we suggest focusing on interdisciplinary education, taking an integrative approach and starting interdisciplinary practice at early stages of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Kuhn
- Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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36
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Vykoukalová Z, Knoll A, Dvorák J, Cepica S. New SNPs in the IGF2 gene and association between this gene and backfat thickness and lean meat content in Large White pigs. J Anim Breed Genet 2007; 123:204-7. [PMID: 16706926 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2006.00580.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
IGF2-in3-G3072A is a causative mutation for paternally expressed quantitative trait loci on the p arm of porcine chromosome 2 with substantial effect on muscle growth and backfat thickness. The linkage disequilibrium between IGF2-in3-G3072A and IGF2-in7-G162C (IGF2-NciI) in four breeds and associations between these polymorphisms and growth and meat performance in pigs of the Large White breed were analysed. A significant effect of these polymorphisms on backfat thickness and lean meat content was found. In addition, we identified two new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 7 of the gene. The existence of complete linkage disequilibrium between IGF2-in3-G3072A locus in the population under study where the locus segregated and SNPs in intron 7 of the IGF2 gene detectable with simple and reliable polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques (G162C, C179G and G186T) offer possibilities to use these SNPs for genotyping of quantitative trait nucleotide in Large White and Landrace breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Vykoukalová
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Genetics of Animals, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
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37
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Horvat A, Knoll A, Krausch G, Tsarkova L, Lyakhova KS, Sevink GJA, Zvelindovsky AV, Magerle R. Time Evolution of Surface Relief Structures in Thin Block Copolymer Films. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Horvat
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - A. Knoll
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - G. Krausch
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - L. Tsarkova
- Physikalische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - K. S. Lyakhova
- Polymer Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - G. J. A. Sevink
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A. V. Zvelindovsky
- Centre for Materials Science, Department of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - R. Magerle
- Chemische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to introduce a convenient method for identification of differences among individual animals in genes supposed to influence meat performance in pigs. The set of seven candidate genes (IGF2, FOS, MC4R, DGAT1, MYF4, MYF, and MC3R) was used. To determine the genotypes, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and minisequencing using SNaPshot system (Applied Biosystems; Forster City, CA, USA) were applied. The efficiency of this gene panel for routine testing in pigs was verified in the Black Pied Prestice pig breed by the statistical general linear model. The results showed that both the method and the gene panel are convenient for meat quality testing and offer reproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Civánová
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Porcine myogenic differentiation genes (MYOD) family play a key role in growth and muscle development and are therefore considered as candidate genes for meat production traits. The objective of the study was to investigate the polymorphisms at four loci belonging to the MYOD genes family and analyse their associations with variation in meat production traits in Czech pig breeds. To verify the associations between the polymorphisms and the selected meat traits, altogether 254 pigs, including full- and half-sibs, of Large White and Landrace breeds were tested. The studied meat characteristics were weight of neck, loin, shoulder and ham, lean meat content (LMC), backfat thickness, intramuscular fat (IMF), remission, dry matter content and test daily gain. Statistically significant associations were observed between MYOG gene and fat and neck weight, and between MYF5 gene and IMF and LMC. High significant differences were observed between genotypes AA and AB of MYOD1 in IMF and between genotypes AB and BB of MYF5 in loin weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Verner
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Päth G, Opel A, Gehlen M, Rothhammer V, Niu X, Limbert C, Romfeld L, Hügl S, Knoll A, Brendel MD, Bretzel RG, Seufert J. Glucose-dependent expansion of pancreatic beta-cells by the protein p8 in vitro and in vivo. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-972445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cepica S, Masopust M, Knoll A, Bartenschlager H, Yerle M, Rohrer GA, Geldermann H. Linkage and RH mapping of 10 genes to a QTL region for fatness and muscling traits on pig chromosome X. Anim Genet 2007; 37:603-4. [PMID: 17121615 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2006.01536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Cepica
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
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Knoll A, Munk I, Skopnik H. Die Pulmarca-Box in der Neonatologie: Atemhilfe mit kontinuierlich negativem Druck – eine retro- und prospektive Untersuchung. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-983163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Stratil A, Van Poucke M, Bartenschlager H, Knoll A, Yerle M, Peelman LJ, Kopecný M, Geldermann H. Porcine OGN and ASPN: mapping, polymorphisms and use for quantitative trait loci identification for growth and carcass traits in a Meishan × Pietrain intercross. Anim Genet 2006; 37:415-8. [PMID: 16879361 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2006.01480.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The porcine orthologues of human chromosome HSA9q22.31 genes osteoglycin (OGN) and asporin (ASPN) were mapped to porcine chromosome SSC3 using linkage analysis and a somatic cell hybrid panel. This mapping was refined to SSC3q11 using fluorescence in situ hybridization. These results confirm the existence of a small conserved synteny group between SSC3 and HSA9. Polymorphisms were revealed in both genes, including a pentanucleotide microsatellite (SCZ003) in OGN and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (AM181682.1:g.780G>T and AM181682.1:g.825T>C) in ASPN. The two genes were included in a set of markers for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping on SSC3 in the Hohenheim Meishan x Piétrain F2 family. Major QTL for growth and carcass traits were centred in the ASPN-SW902 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stratil
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human alpha-galactosidase A (r-halphaGalA) enhances microvascular globotriaosylceramide clearance and improves clinical symptoms in patients with Fabry disease. We evaluated whether these effects are translated into a long-term benefit of kidney and heart function. We did a single center, prospective, open label study in 26 patients with Fabry disease (one early death, follow-up in 25 patients). r-Alpha-GalA was administered in a dosage of 1 mg/kg body weight every second week. The effect of therapy on clinical end points (death, cardiac and cerebrovascular event, renal failure), cardiac and renal function monitored by Doppler echocardiography, 99Tc-GFR, and proteinuria was investigated. After a mean treatment time of 23 +/- 8 months, nine patients experienced 12 end points, including two deaths. All end points occurred in patients with impaired renal function (n = 16; GFR 71 +/- 17 ml/min/1.73 m2). Despite ERT, renal function deteriorated to 60 +/- 23 ml/min/1.73 m2 (P = 0.04) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (PWT) did not change (14.0 +/- 2.1 vs 13.4 +/- 2.3 mm). In contrast, patients without impairment of renal function (n = 9) had a more favorable outcome (no clinical events; GFR 115 +/- 18 vs 102 +/- 14 ml/min/1.73 m2, NS; PWT 11.7 +/- 1 and 10.7+/-0.7 mm, P = 0.04). Proteinuria remained unchanged (1.34 +/- 0.94 vs 1.01 +/- 0.97 g/day, n = 10). Patients with impaired renal function have a less favorable outcome and may develop cardiovascular and renal end points despite ERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Breunig
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany.
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Drzezga A, Riemenschneider M, Strassner B, Grimmer T, Peller M, Knoll A, Wagenpfeil S, Minoshima S, Schwaiger M, Kurz A. Cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with AD and different APOE genotypes. Neurology 2005; 64:102-7. [PMID: 15642911 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000148478.39691.d3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of the APOE epsilon4 allele on cerebral glucose metabolism in a large series of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS Eighty-three patients (41 APOE epsilon4 positive and 42 epsilon4 negative) were selected from a pre-existing databank of patients with AD (n > 1,000). The patients were carefully matched for age, age at onset, approximate disease duration, educational level, and overall degree of cognitive impairment. Cerebral [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging was performed in all patients by a standardized protocol. Statistical comparison of patient PET data vs a healthy control population was performed as well as an analysis of differences between groups (SPM99; Wellcome Department of Cognitive Imaging, London, UK). RESULTS A similar pattern of cerebral hypometabolism was detected in the epsilon4-positive and -negative patient groups vs healthy volunteers in regions typically affected by AD (bilateral temporal, parietal, posterior cingulate, and prefrontal cortical areas). The comparison between epsilon4-positive and -negative patients additionally revealed stronger abnormalities in epsilon4 carriers in parietal, temporal, and posterior cingulate cortical regions. CONCLUSIONS A generally similar pattern of cerebral hypometabolism was detected in APOE epsilon4-positive and -negative patients with Alzheimer disease. However, in direct comparison of the two matched groups, the abnormalities in the epsilon4-positive group were demonstrated to be more pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drzezga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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Abstract
Fabry Disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder leading to the accumulation of glycosphingolipids, mainly globotriaosylceramides in all tissues and solid organs of the body. The disease was described by Johannes Fabry and William Anderson coevally in 1898. Beside the involvement of the central nervous system, peripheral nerves, kidneys, skin and endovascular endothelium, the heart plays a major role in the disease. Left ventricular hypertrophy is one hallmark initially presenting with preserved ventricular function. However, with progression of the disease patients die due to heart failure. Though angina is often reported, the incidence of epicardial coronary stenosis is not a dominant feature, if at all small vessel disease can occur. In respect of arrhythmias a broad spectrum can be seen including shortened or prolonged PR-intervals, AV blocks of different degrees and sometimes malignant ventricular arrhythmias. In the past, women were considered to be carriers of the disease but hardly to develop clinical symptoms. In recent years there is evidence that female carriers may more often be affected with severe symptoms. In addition, a group of Fabry patients displaying mainly cardiac involvement were described as having a cardiac variant of the disease. This implied the hypothesis that some of those patients with unexplained myocardial hypertrophy do suffer from Fabry disease. Since 2002 enzyme replacement therapy is available and there is first evidence for its efficacy to reduce hypertrophy and increase myocardial function. If this is associated with a prognostic improvement has to be determined in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strotmann
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I der Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
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47
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Bauernschmitt R, Schirmbeck EU, Knoll A, Mayer H, Nagy I, Wessel N, Wildhirt SM, Lange R. Towards robotic heart surgery: introduction of autonomous procedures into an experimental surgical telemanipulator system. Int J Med Robot 2005; 1:74-9. [PMID: 17518393 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of telemanipulator systems into cardiac surgery enabled the heart surgeon to perform minimally invasive procedures with high precision and stereoscopic view. For further improvement and especially for inclusion of autonomous action sequences, implementation of force-feedback is necessary. The aim of our study was to provide a robotic scenario giving the surgeon an impression very similar to open procedures (high immersion) and to enable autonomous surgical knot tying with delicate suture material. In this experimental set-up the feasibility of autonomous surgical knot tying is demonstrated for the first time using stereoscopic view and force feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bauernschmitt
- German Heart Center Munich, Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Technische Universität München, Germany.
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48
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Horák P, Knoll A, André C, Cadieu E, Dvorák J. Polymorphism analysis and RH mapping of the canine Usher syndrome 1G (USH1G) gene to CFA9. Anim Genet 2005; 36:270-1. [PMID: 15932419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Horák
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Zemedelská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Stratil A, Knorr C, Knoll A, Kubícková S, Musilová P, Van Poucke M, Rubes J, Brenig B, Peelman LJ. Assignment of the porcine SKI and GABRD genes to chromosome 6q22-q23. Anim Genet 2005; 36:272-3. [PMID: 15932421 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01284.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Stratil
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cepica
- Department of Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology and Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic.
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