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Coppolino G, Bolignano D, Presta P, Ferrari FF, Lionetti G, Borselli M, Randazzo G, Andreucci M, Bonelli A, Errante A, Campo L, Mauro D, Tripodi S, Rejdak R, Toro MD, Scorcia V, Carnevali A. Acquisition of optical coherence tomography angiography metrics during hemodialysis procedures: A pilot study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1057165. [PMID: 36530885 PMCID: PMC9751028 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1057165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The observation of optical microcirculation gives us an extraordinary way to directly assess in vivo the responses of human circulation to stress stimuli. We run a pilot study to analyze optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) metrics at determined time-points during a hemodialysis (HD) session to understand how these metrics gradually change and to evaluate possible correlations with patients' characteristics. METHODS After the eligibility screening, 15 patients (23 eyes) were included in the study. OCT-A parameters were collected at established time-points: Before treatment (t0), at first hour (t1), at second hour (t2), at third hour (t3), and finally at the end of HD treatment (t4). Patients were finally shared in hypotensive group if they occurred in a hypotensive episode during subsequent month methods or no hypotensive group. The instrument software automatically segmented OCT-A scans into four en-face slabs: The superficial capillary plexus (SCP), the deep capillary plexus (DCP), the outer retinal plexus and the choriocapillaris plexus. In this study we focus on SCP, DCP plexuses. RESULTS Overall, the majority of ophthalmic parameters remained unaffected and comparable at dialysis end; a significant reduction being observed at the end vs. starting of HD only for deep capillary plexus (DCP: Whole, fovea, and parafovea) and for central choroid thickness (CCT) (p < 0.05). An overall trend during the session showed in general a decrease with a significance in particular for DCP (whole, fovea, and parafovea) and for CCT (P = 0.006). In the hypotension group, Superficial capillary plexus (SCP: Fovea and parafovea) significantly increased comparing post vs. pre-dialysis values while CCT significantly decreased. Analyzing the trend during treatment only CCT maintained a significant trend (p for trend = 0.002). In the no-hypotension group, neither pre- vs. post-analysis and trend analysis showed a statistical significance. CONCLUSION Main achievement of our study was to measure, for the first time in literature, single parameters at different time-points of a HD session. As a result of this process we did not notice a brusque decreasing or increasing of OCT-A metrics but we can characterize the different effect of HD on the two distinct areas distinguishing ocular vessels: Retinal and choroidal circulation. As interesting sub-analysis, Hypotensive group showed for CCT a decreasing trend with a difference statistically significant respect to the group with no-hypotension maintaining a constant trend. In our opinion, these results suggest the role of autonomic system on vessel control in patients affected by uremia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davide Bolignano
- Renal Unit, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierangela Presta
- Renal Unit, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Lionetti
- Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Borselli
- Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giorgio Randazzo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Renal Unit, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angelica Bonelli
- Renal Unit, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Campo
- Renal Unit, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Davide Mauro
- Renal Unit, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sarah Tripodi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vigevano-Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Pavia Civil Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Robert Rejdak
- Chair and Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mario Damiano Toro
- Chair and Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Eye Clinic, Public Health Department, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Adriano Carnevali
- Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Di Cesare G, Marchi M, Errante A, Fasano F, Rizzolatti G. Mirroring the Social Aspects of Speech and Actions: The Role of the Insula. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:1348-1357. [PMID: 28334381 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Action and speech may take different forms, being expressed, for example, gently or rudely. These aspects of social communication, named vitality forms, have been little studied in neuroscience. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we investigated the role of insula in processing action and speech vitality forms. In speech runs, participants were asked to listen or imaging themselves to pronounce action verbs gently or rudely. In action runs, they were asked to observe or imaging themselves to perform actions gently or rudely. The results showed that, relative to controls, there was an activation of the dorso-central insula in both tasks of speech and action runs. The insula sector specific for action vitality form was located slightly more dorsally than that of speech with a large overlap of their activations. The psycho-physiological interaction analysis showed that the insular sector involved in action vitality forms processing is connected with the left hemisphere areas controlling arm actions, whereas the sector involved in speech vitality forms processing is linked with right hemisphere areas related to speech prosody. We conclude that the central part of the insula is a key region for vitality forms processing regardless of the modality by which they are conveyed or expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Cesare
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences (RBCS), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M Marchi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Errante
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Fasano
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G Rizzolatti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Consiglio nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy
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Di Cesare G, Errante A, Marchi M, Cuccio V. Language for action: Motor resonance during the processing of human and robotic voices. Brain Cogn 2017; 118:118-127. [PMID: 28829994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this fMRI study we evaluated whether the auditory processing of action verbs pronounced by a human or a robotic voice in the imperative mood differently modulates the activation of the mirror neuron system (MNs). The study produced three results. First, the activation pattern found during listening to action verbs was very similar in both the robot and human conditions. Second, the processing of action verbs compared to abstract verbs determined the activation of the fronto-parietal circuit classically involved during the action goal understanding. Third, and most importantly, listening to action verbs compared to abstract verbs produced activation of the anterior part of the supramarginal gyrus (aSMG) regardless of the condition (human and robot) and in the absence of any object name. The supramarginal gyrus is a region considered to underpin hand-object interaction and associated to the processing of affordances. These results suggest that listening to action verbs may trigger the recruitment of motor representations characterizing affordances and action execution, coherently with the predictive nature of motor simulation that not only allows us to re-enact motor knowledge to understand others' actions but also prepares us for the actions we might need to carry out.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Cesare
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences (RBCS), Genova, Italy; University of Parma, Department of Neuroscience, via Volturno 39/E, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - A Errante
- University of Parma, Department of Neuroscience, via Volturno 39/E, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - M Marchi
- University of Milan, Department of Computer Science, Via Comelico 39/41, 20135 Milan, Italy
| | - V Cuccio
- University of Parma, Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, via Massimo D'Azeglio 85, 43125 Parma, Italy.
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Di Cesare G, Fasano F, Errante A, Marchi M, Rizzolatti G. Understanding the internal states of others by listening to action verbs. Neuropsychologia 2016; 89:172-179. [PMID: 27312746 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The internal state of others can be understood observing their actions or listening to their voice. While the neural bases of action style (vitality forms) have been investigated, there is no information on how we recognize others' internal state by listening to their speech. Here, using fMRI technique, we investigated the neural correlates of auditory vitality forms while participants listened to action verbs in three different conditions: human voice pronouncing the verbs in a rude and gentle way, robot voice pronouncing the same verbs without vitality forms, and a scrambled version of the same verbs pronounced by human voice. In agreement with previous studies on vitality forms encoding, we found specific activation of the central part of insula during listening to human voice conveying specific vitality forms. In addition, when listening both to human and robot voices there was an activation of the posterior part of the left inferior frontal gyrus and of the parieto-premotor circuit typically described to be activated during observation and execution of arm actions. Finally, the superior temporal gyrus was activated bilaterally in all three conditions. We conclude that, the central part of insula is a key region for vitality forms processing allowing the understanding of the vitality forms regardless of the modality by which they are conveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Cesare
- University of Parma, Department of Neuroscience, via Volturno 39/E, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - F Fasano
- University of Parma, Department of Neuroscience, via Volturno 39/E, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - A Errante
- University of Parma, Department of Neuroscience, via Volturno 39/E, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - M Marchi
- University of Milan, Department of Computer Science, Via Comelico 39/41, 20135 Milan, Italy
| | - G Rizzolatti
- University of Parma, Department of Neuroscience, via Volturno 39/E, 43100 Parma, Italy; Istituto di Neuroscienze, Consiglio nazionale delle Ricerche, Parma, Italy; IIT (Italian Institute of Technology) Brain Center for Social and Motor Cognition, via Volturno 39/E, 43100 Parma, Italy
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