A Study Of Prevalence Of Chronic Kidney Disease In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome In Urban Population Attending A Tertiary Care Center In India: A Hospital-Based Prospective Cross-Sectional Observational Study

The study aims to determine the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its risk factors in patients with Metabolic Syndrome in a tertiary care center in India. It was a hospital-based prospective observational study where NCEP ATP III CRITERIA was used to diagnose patients with Metabolic Syndrome, and CKD was defined according to KDIGO Guidelines. Out of 172 patients with Metabolic Syndrome, CKD was seen in 52 patients, of which 29 were males and 23 were females, so the prevalence of CKD in Metabolic Syndrome patients was about 30.23%. (52/172) P Value = 0.0000204. In our study, the prevalence of hyperglycemia in CKD patients with Metabolic Syndrome was 24.41% (42/172) P Value = .0011. The prevalence of obesity was 19.18% (33/172) P Value = .00844. The prevalence of hypertension was 28.48% (49/172) P Value = 2.72. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 26.12% (45\172) P Value = 0.000002086. The prevalence of hyperglycemia, obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia was significantly high in males. The prevalence of CKD in Metabolic Syndrome is 30.23% which is quite high, and since the prevalence of CKD is rising in India, we need more studies to look into this aspect of Metabolic Syndrome.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome crossing 40% in Northern India: Time to act fast before it runs out of proportions

Background:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Its presence makes the patient more prone for cardiovascular events. Its prevalence has been documented as 11%–41%. The present study was undertaken to find out the demographic profile of the MetS in Kanpur region of northern India.

Materials and Methods:

This is a hospital based, cross-sectional study with adequate sample size.

Results:

Out of the randomly selected 420 patients (232 males and 188 females), 172 cases (61 males and 111 females) were found to have MeTS adopting the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The overall prevalence of MeTS was found to be 40.9% (26.2% of total males and 59% of total females). Among the 172 cases of MeTS, females were more than males (64.5% vs. 35.4%). Maximum numbers of MeTS cases were in the age range of 50–59 years (55/172 = 31.9%) followed by 40–49 years (50/172 = 29%), >60 years (35/172 = 20.3%), 30–39 years (30/172 = 17.4%), and <30 years (2/172 = 1.1%). In the total study population of 420 cases, hyperglycemia was the most common (29.2%) and hyperglycemia, obesity, and high triglyceride were significantly higher prevalence in females. Among the participants of 111 cases of MeTS, hyperglycemia was the most common (71.5%) and high blood pressure, and low high density lipoprotein was significantly higher among males.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of MetS was more than 40% and its prevalence in <40 years age group is rapidly increasing. Its high time to be more active physically, before fatal cardiovascular events.

Prevalence of isolated diastolic hypertension and associated risk factors among adults in Kanpur, India

BACKGROUND

Isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) is a largely unrecognized subtype of hypertension, more commonly seen in the younger age group.

AIMS

(1) To determine the prevalence of IDH in the adult population of Kanpur district. (2) To study the associated risk factors of IDH.

METHODS

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 801 subjects, aged 20 years and above, using multistage stratified random sampling technique.

RESULTS

The prevalence of IDH was 4.5%, which was 6.2% in men and 3.1% in women. A significant proportion of IDH was seen in the 40-49 years age group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the associated risk factors showed that gender, physical activity and BMI were significantly associated with IDH.

CONCLUSION

Isolated diastolic hypertension is an emerging problem in developing countries. IDH is more common among men, sedentary individuals and those with a higher BMI.

Changing scenario of therapeutic apheresis in India in the last 14 years

There has been a remarkable change in the scenario of therapeutic apheresis in the last 14 years in India. The crude method of manual removal of blood followed by separation of plasma by gravity, keeping it in the bottle for a long time, has now been totally replaced by plasmapheresis, centrifugation, membrane filtration, and immunoadsorption techniques. The indications for use have also changed from a list of limited indications in the beginning to include all immune complex disorders. The clinical beneficiaries have also increased from blood bankers to nephrologists and immunologists in addition to oncologists. Efforts are now underway with the help of the Indian Society for Apheresis (founded in 1985) to popularize the newer methods of cryofiltration, photopheresis and heparin extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein (HELP) and DALI apheresis systems besides the specialized techniques of immunoadsorption using filters, columns, or ligands. This is suggestive of a positive trend for the treatment of immune complex disorders.