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Tu HA, Nivarthi UK, Graham NR, Eisenhauer P, Delacruz MJ, Pierce KK, Whitehead SS, Boyson JE, Botten JW, Kirkpatrick BD, Durbin AP, deSilva AM, Diehl SA. Stimulation of B Cell Immunity in Flavivirus-Naive Individuals by the Tetravalent Live Attenuated Dengue Vaccine TV003. Cell Rep Med 2020; 1:100155. [PMID: 33377126 PMCID: PMC7762770 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The tetravalent live attenuated dengue vaccine candidate TV003 induces neutralizing antibodies against all four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1–DENV4) and protects against experimental challenge with DENV2 in humans. Here, we track vaccine viremia and B and T cell responses to this vaccination/challenge model to understand how vaccine viremia links adaptive immunity and development of protective antibody responses. TV003 viremia triggers an acute plasmablast response that, in combination with DENV-specific CD4+ T cells, correlates with serum neutralizing antibodies. TV003 vaccinees develop DENV2-reactive memory B cells, including serotype-specific and multivalent specificities in line with the composition of serum antibodies. There is no post-challenge plasmablast response in vaccinees, although stronger and earlier post-TV003 plasmablast responses associate with sterile humoral protection from DENV2 challenge. TV003 vaccine triggers plasmablasts and memory B cells, which, with support from CD4+ T cells, functionally link early vaccine viremia and the serum antibody responses. The tetravalent live attenuated dengue vaccine TV003 stimulates plasmablasts Robust plasmablast response is associated with sterile protection from challenge DENV-specific memory B cells persist 6 months after vaccination DENV-specific CD4+ T cells correlate with neutralizing antibodies
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy A Tu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Usha K Nivarthi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nancy R Graham
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Philip Eisenhauer
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Matthew J Delacruz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kristen K Pierce
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Stephen S Whitehead
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan E Boyson
- Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jason W Botten
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Anna P Durbin
- Department of International Health, Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Aravinda M deSilva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sean A Diehl
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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