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Jazi SMH, Radmanesh A, Sadeghi M, Mansouri A. Assessment of Metabolic Risk Factors and Heart-Healthy Lifestyle in Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention after a 6-Month Follow-Up. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:15. [PMID: 35386533 PMCID: PMC8977608 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_206_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mortality due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has dramatically diminished because of performing life-saving interventions. This study aims to assess the metabolic risk factors and heart healthy lifestyle following the first episode of ACS under percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment after the 6-month follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a longitudinal study conducted on 40 patients who underwent PCI because of the first episode of ACS. The patients' information including age, weight, abdominal circumference, smoking, functional capacity, patients' metabolic equivalent of task (METS), and laboratory tests including triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), creatinine, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and hemoglobin A1C were recorded before discharge and reassessed after 6-month follow-up. RESULTS The patients were dominantly male (92.5%) with an average age of 56.8 ± 7.11 years. Physical activity and functional capacity (METS) significantly improved within 6 months (P = 0.019). BMI significantly improved; however, although the abdominal circumference decreased, it was not significant (P = 0.28). The number of smokers (P = 0.12) and the daily number of smoked cigarettes (P = 0.37) nonsignificantly decreased within 6 months. However, HDL-C (P = 0.013) and LDL-C (P = 0.027) changes were not desirable. TG, FBS, and blood pressure did not statistically significant change (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Although BMI, physical activity, and METS remarkably improved, waist circumference decreased nonsignificantly and lipid profile got worse paradoxically. Although this population is limited for generalization, this study shows that we require further schedules to improve ACS secondary prevention practice in our community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armina Radmanesh
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Armina Radmanesh, Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asieh Mansouri
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Zhang M, Wong SW, Lummus S, Han M, Radmanesh A, Ahmadian SS, Prolo LM, Lai H, Eghbal A, Oztekin O, Cheshier SH, Fisher PG, Ho CY, Vogel H, Vitanza NA, Lober RM, Grant GA, Jaju A, Yeom KW. Radiomic Phenotypes Distinguish Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors from Medulloblastoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1702-1708. [PMID: 34266866 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors and medulloblastomas have similar imaging and histologic features but distinctly different outcomes. We hypothesized that they could be distinguished by MR imaging-based radiomic phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively assembled T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images of 48 posterior fossa atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors and 96 match-paired medulloblastomas from 7 institutions. Using a holdout test set, we measured the performance of 6 candidate classifier models using 6 imaging features derived by sparse regression of 900 T2WI and 900 T1WI Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative-based radiomics features. RESULTS From the originally extracted 1800 total Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative-based features, sparse regression consistently reduced the feature set to 1 from T1WI and 5 from T2WI. Among classifier models, logistic regression performed with the highest AUC of 0.86, with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1 scores of 0.80, 0.82, 0.81, and 0.85, respectively. The top 3 important Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative features, by decreasing order of relative contribution, included voxel intensity at the 90th percentile, inverse difference moment normalized, and kurtosis-all from T2WI. CONCLUSIONS Six quantitative signatures of image intensity, texture, and morphology distinguish atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors from medulloblastomas with high prediction performance across different machine learning strategies. Use of this technique for preoperative diagnosis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors could significantly inform therapeutic strategies and patient care discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.Z.)
| | - S W Wong
- Department of Statistics (S.W.W.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - S Lummus
- Department of Physiology and Nutrition (S.L.), University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado
| | - M Han
- Department of Pediatrics (M.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - A Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology (A.R.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - S S Ahmadian
- Pathology (S.S.A., H.V.), Stanford Medical Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - L M Prolo
- Departments of Neurosurgery (L.M.P., G.A.G.)
| | - H Lai
- Department of Radiology (H.L., A.E.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California and University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - A Eghbal
- Department of Radiology (H.L., A.E.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California and University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - O Oztekin
- Department of Neuroradiology (O.O.), Cigli Education and Research Hospital, Bakircay University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Neuroradiology (O.O.), Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - S H Cheshier
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery (S.H.C.), Department of Neurosurgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Intermountain Healthcare Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - C Y Ho
- Departments of Clinical Radiology & Imaging Sciences (C.Y.H.), Riley Children's Hospital, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - H Vogel
- Pathology (S.S.A., H.V.), Stanford Medical Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - N A Vitanza
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (N.A.V.), Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - R M Lober
- Division of Neurosurgery (R.M.L.), Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, Ohio
| | - G A Grant
- Departments of Neurosurgery (L.M.P., G.A.G.)
| | - A Jaju
- Department of Medical Imaging (A.J.), Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - K W Yeom
- Radiology (K.W.Y.), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
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Cavalcanti DD, Raz E, Shapiro M, Dehkharghani S, Yaghi S, Lillemoe K, Nossek E, Torres J, Jain R, Riina HA, Radmanesh A, Nelson PK. Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Associated with COVID-19. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1370-1376. [PMID: 32554424 PMCID: PMC7658892 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) being more frequently related to acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute cardiac and renal injuries, thromboembolic events have been increasingly reported. We report a unique series of young patients with COVID-19 presenting with cerebral venous system thrombosis. Three patients younger than 41 years of age with confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) infection had neurologic findings related to cerebral venous thrombosis. They were admitted during the short period of 10 days between March and April 2020 and were managed in an academic institution in a large city. One patient had thrombosis in both the superficial and deep systems; another had involvement of the straight sinus, vein of Galen, and internal cerebral veins; and a third patient had thrombosis of the deep medullary veins. Two patients presented with hemorrhagic venous infarcts. The median time from COVID-19 symptoms to a thrombotic event was 7 days (range, 2-7 days). One patient was diagnosed with new-onset diabetic ketoacidosis, and another one used oral contraceptive pills. Two patients were managed with both hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin; one was treated with lopinavir-ritonavir. All patients had a fatal outcome. Severe and potentially fatal deep cerebral thrombosis may complicate the initial clinical presentation of COVID-19. We urge awareness of this atypical manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Cavalcanti
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.D.C., E.R., M.S., S.D., R.J., A.R., P.K.N.)
| | - E Raz
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.D.C., E.R., M.S., S.D., R.J., A.R., P.K.N.)
| | - M Shapiro
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.D.C., E.R., M.S., S.D., R.J., A.R., P.K.N.)
| | - S Dehkharghani
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.D.C., E.R., M.S., S.D., R.J., A.R., P.K.N.)
| | - S Yaghi
- Neurology (S.Y., K.L., J.T.)
| | | | - E Nossek
- Neurosurgery (E.N., H.A.R.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - R Jain
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.D.C., E.R., M.S., S.D., R.J., A.R., P.K.N.)
| | - H A Riina
- Neurosurgery (E.N., H.A.R.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - A Radmanesh
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.D.C., E.R., M.S., S.D., R.J., A.R., P.K.N.)
| | - P K Nelson
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.D.C., E.R., M.S., S.D., R.J., A.R., P.K.N.)
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Radmanesh A, Raz E, Zan E, Derman A, Kaminetzky M. Brain Imaging Use and Findings in COVID-19: A Single Academic Center Experience in the Epicenter of Disease in the United States. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1179-1183. [PMID: 32467191 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious public health crisis and can have neurologic manifestations. This is a retrospective observational case series performed March 1-31, 2020, at New York University Langone Medical Center campuses. Clinical and imaging data were extracted, reviewed, and analyzed. Two hundred forty-two patients with COVID-19 underwent CT or MRI of the brain within 2 weeks after the positive result of viral testing (mean age, 68.7 ± 16.5 years; 150 men/92 women [62.0%/38.0%]). The 3 most common indications for imaging were altered mental status (42.1%), syncope/fall (32.6%), and focal neurologic deficit (12.4%). The most common imaging findings were nonspecific white matter microangiopathy (134/55.4%), chronic infarct (47/19.4%), acute or subacute ischemic infarct (13/5.4%), and acute hemorrhage (11/4.5%). No patients imaged for altered mental status demonstrated acute ischemic infarct or acute hemorrhage. White matter microangiopathy was associated with higher 2-week mortality (P < .001). Our data suggest that in the absence of a focal neurologic deficit, brain imaging in patients with early COVID-19 with altered mental status may not be revealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Radmanesh
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
| | - E Raz
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - E Zan
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - A Derman
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - M Kaminetzky
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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D'Anna G, Chen MM, McCarty J, Radmanesh A, Kotsenas AL. Reply. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:E57. [PMID: 31515209 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G D'Anna
- Radiology Unit Humanitas Mater Domini Castellanza (Varese), Italy
| | - M M Chen
- Department of Radiology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas
| | - J McCarty
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston Houston, Texas
| | - A Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology New York University School of Medicine New York, New York
| | - A L Kotsenas
- Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota
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D'Anna G, Chen MM, McCarty J, Radmanesh A, Kotsenas AL. Reply. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:E55. [PMID: 31537521 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G D'Anna
- Radiology Unit Humanitas Mater Domini Castellanza (Varese), Italy
| | - M M Chen
- Department of Radiology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Texas
| | - J McCarty
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston Houston, Texas
| | - A Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology New York University School of Medicine New York, New York
| | - A L Kotsenas
- Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota
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D'Anna G, Chen MM, McCarty JL, Radmanesh A, Kotsenas AL. The Continued Rise in Professional Use of Social Media at Scientific Meetings: An Analysis of Twitter Use during the ASNR 2018 Annual Meeting. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:935-937. [PMID: 31072973 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Professional use of social media continues to increase. We analyzed Twitter use of our own American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR) 2018 annual meeting, reviewing all Twitter posts (3020 tweets from 523 participants) containing the hashtag #ASNR18 from May 21, 2018, to June 12, 2018, extracting the transcripts from Symplur. Then, each tweet was categorized by the role of user, type of tweet, and topic. The dominant user category was neuroradiologist/radiologist (63%). The keynote address, "The Radiology Renaissance: Shaping the Future of Healthcare," presented by Andy DeLao @Cancergeek was the most frequently tweeted topic (10%). Comment on a session was the major type of tweet. When we compared the data with a similar analysis in 2014, our data analysis showed a growth in the use of Twitter in only 4 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D'Anna
- From the Neuroradiology Unit (G.D.A.), Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Monza Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - M M Chen
- Department of Radiology (M.M.C.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - J L McCarty
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging (J.L.M.), University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - A Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology (A.R.), New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - A L Kotsenas
- Department of Radiology (A.L.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Wu CC, Jain R, Radmanesh A, Poisson LM, Guo WY, Zagzag D, Snuderl M, Placantonakis DG, Golfinos J, Chi AS. Predicting Genotype and Survival in Glioma Using Standard Clinical MR Imaging Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Images: A Pilot Study from The Cancer Genome Atlas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1814-1820. [PMID: 30190259 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Few studies have shown MR imaging features and ADC correlating with molecular markers and survival in patients with glioma. Our purpose was to correlate MR imaging features and ADC with molecular subtyping and survival in adult diffuse gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Presurgical MRIs and ADC maps of 131 patients with diffuse gliomas and available molecular and survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were reviewed. MR imaging features, ADC (obtained by ROIs within the lowest ADC area), and mean relative ADC values were evaluated to predict isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, 1p/19q codeletion status, MGMT promoter methylation, and overall survival. RESULTS IDH wild-type gliomas tended to exhibit enhancement, necrosis, and edema; >50% enhancing area (P < .001); absence of a cystic area (P = .013); and lower mean relative ADC (median, 1.1 versus 1.6; P < .001) than IDH-mutant gliomas. By means of a cutoff value of 1.08 for mean relative ADC, IDH-mutant and IDH wild-type gliomas with lower mean relative ADC (<1.08) had poorer survival than those with higher mean relative ADC (median survival time, 24.2 months; 95% CI, 0.0-54.9 months versus 62.0 months; P = .003; and median survival time, 10.4 months; 95% CI, 4.4-16.4 months versus 17.7 months; 95% CI, 11.6-23.7 months; P = .041, respectively), regardless of World Health Organization grade. Median survival of those with IDH-mutant glioma with low mean relative ADC was not significantly different from that in those with IDH wild-type glioma. Other MR imaging features were not statistically significant predictors of survival. CONCLUSIONS IDH wild-type glioma showed lower ADC values, which also correlated with poor survival in both IDH-mutant and IDH wild-type gliomas, irrespective of histologic grade. A subgroup with IDH-mutant gliomas with lower ADC had dismal survival similar to that of those with IDH wild-type gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Wu
- From the Department of Radiology (C.-C.W., W.-Y.G.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Medicine (C.-C.W., W.-Y.G.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Departments of Radiology (C.-C.W., R.J., A.R.)
| | - R Jain
- Departments of Radiology (C.-C.W., R.J., A.R.)
- Neurosurgery (R.J., D.P., J.G.)
| | - A Radmanesh
- Departments of Radiology (C.-C.W., R.J., A.R.)
| | - L M Poisson
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Hermelin Brain Tumor Center (L.M.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - W-Y Guo
- From the Department of Radiology (C.-C.W., W.-Y.G.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Medicine (C.-C.W., W.-Y.G.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - D Zagzag
- Pathology (D.Z., M.S.), NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - M Snuderl
- Pathology (D.Z., M.S.), NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | | | - A S Chi
- Neuro-Oncology Program (A.S.C.), Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine and Langone Health, New York, New York
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Sargar KM, Radmanesh A, Herman TE, Siegel MJ. 3-C Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome with spinal subarachnoid cyst. J Perinatol 2015; 35:233-4. [PMID: 25712599 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2014.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K M Sargar
- St Louis Children's Hospital Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - A Radmanesh
- St Louis Children's Hospital Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - T E Herman
- St Louis Children's Hospital Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - M J Siegel
- St Louis Children's Hospital Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Radmanesh A, Kotsenas AL. Social Media and Scientific Meetings: An Analysis of Twitter Use at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Neuroradiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 37:25-7. [PMID: 25430857 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Radmanesh
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (A.R.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - A L Kotsenas
- Department of Radiology (A.L.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Fitzgerald
- From the Department of Radiology (R.T.F.), Neuroradiology Division, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - A Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (A.R.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - C M Hawkins
- Emory University School of Medicine (C.M.H.), Atlanta, Georgia
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Affiliation(s)
- A Radmanesh
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (A.R.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - R Duszak
- Department of Radiology (R.D.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia Harvey L. Neiman Health Policy Institute (R.D.), Reston, Virginia
| | - R T Fitzgerald
- Department of Radiology (R.T.F.), University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Kamali A, Sair HI, Radmanesh A, Hasan KM. Decoding the superior parietal lobule connections of the superior longitudinal fasciculus/arcuate fasciculus in the human brain. Neuroscience 2014; 277:577-83. [PMID: 25086308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The temporo-parietal (TP) white matter connections between the inferior parietal lobule and superior temporal gyrus as part of the superior longitudinal fasciculus/arcuate fasciculus (SLF/AF) or middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) have been studied in prior diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) studies. However, few studies have been focusing on the higher TP connections of the superior parietal lobule with the temporal lobe. These higher TP connections have been shown to have a role in core processes such as attention, memory, emotions, and language. Our most recent study, for the first time, hinted to the possibility of a long white matter connection interconnecting the superior parietal lobule (SPL) with the posterior temporal lobe in human brain which we call the SLF/AF TP-SPL and for a shorter abbreviation, the TP-SPL. We decided to further investigate this white matter connection using fiber assignment by continuous tracking deterministic tractography and high spatial resolution diffusion tensor imaging on 3T. Five healthy right-handed men (age range 24-37 years) were studied. We delineated the SPL connections of the SLF/AF TP bilaterally in five normal adult human brains. Using a high resolution DTT technique, we demonstrate for the first time, the trajectory of a long fiber bundle connectivity between the SPL and posterior temporal lobe, called the SLF/AF TP-SPL (or the TP-SPL), bilaterally in five healthy adult human brains. We also demonstrate the trajectory of the vertically oriented posterior TP connections, interconnecting the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) with the posterior temporal lobe (TP-IPL) in relation to the TP-SPL, arcuate fasciculus and other major language pathways. In the current study, for the first time, we categorized the TP connections into the anterior and posterior connectivity groups and subcategorized each one into the SPL or IPL connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kamali
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - H I Sair
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K M Hasan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A Radmanesh
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (A.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - R T Fitzgerald
- Department of Radiology (R.T.F.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Fitzgerald
- From the Department of Radiology (R.T.F.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - A Radmanesh
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (A.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
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Stearns AT, Balakrishnan A, Radmanesh A, Ashley SW, Rhoads DB, Tavakkolizadeh A. Relative contributions of afferent vagal fibers to resistance to diet-induced obesity. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:1281-90. [PMID: 22138962 PMCID: PMC4111149 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated vagal neural pathways, specifically subdiaphragmatic afferent fibers, regulate expression of the intestinal sodium-glucose cotransporter SGLT1, the intestinal transporter responsible for absorption of dietary glucose. We hypothesized targeting this pathway could be a novel therapy for obesity. We therefore tested the impact of disrupting vagal signaling by total vagotomy or selective vagal de-afferentation on weight gain and fat content in diet-induced obese rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 5-8) underwent truncal vagotomy, selective vagal de-afferentation with capsaicin, or sham procedure. Animals were maintained for 11 months on a high-caloric Western diet. Abdominal visceral fat content was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging together with weight of fat pads at harvest. Glucose homeostasis was assessed by fasting blood glucose and HbA1C. Jejunal SGLT1 gene expression was assessed by qPCR and immunoblotting and function by glucose uptake in everted jejunal sleeves. RESULTS At 11-months, vagotomized rats weighed 19% less (P = 0.003) and de-afferented rats 7% less (P = 0.19) than shams. Vagotomized and de-afferented animals had 52% (P < 0.0001) and 18% reduction (P = 0.039) in visceral abdominal fat, respectively. There were no changes in blood glucose or glycemic indexes. SGLT1 mRNA, protein and function were unchanged across all cohorts at 11-months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Truncal vagotomy led to significant reductions in both diet-induced weight gain and visceral abdominal fat deposition. Vagal de-afferentation led to a more modest, but clinically and statistically significant, reduction in visceral abdominal fat. As increased visceral abdominal fat is associated with excess morbidity and mortality, vagal de-afferentation may be a useful adjunct in bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. T. Stearns
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - A. Balakrishnan
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Division of Gastroenterology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - A. Radmanesh
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - S. W. Ashley
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - D. B. Rhoads
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - A. Tavakkolizadeh
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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