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Rawson A, Saxena V, Gao H, Hooks J, Xuei X, McGuire P, Hato T, Hains DS, Anderson RM, Schwaderer AL. A Pilot Single Cell Analysis of the Zebrafish Embryo Cellular Responses to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection. Pathog Immun 2022; 7:1-18. [PMID: 35178490 PMCID: PMC8843076 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v7i1.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infections are common and when they disseminate can be of high morbidity.
Methods: We studied the effects of UPEC infection using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) in zebrafish. Bulk RNA sequencing has historically been used to evaluate gene expression patterns, but scRNAseq allows gene expression to be evaluated at the single cell level and is optimal for evaluating heterogeneity within cell types and rare cell types. Zebrafish cohorts were injected with either saline or UPEC,and scRNAseq and canonical pathway analyses were performed.
Results: Canonical pathway analysis of scRNAseq data provided key information regarding innate immune pathways in the cells determined to be thymus cells, ionocytes, macrophages/monocytes, and pronephros cells. Pathways activated in thymus cells included interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling and production of reactive oxygen species. Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis was a leading canonical pathway in the pronephros and macrophages. Genes that were downregulated in UPEC vs saline exposed embryos involved the cellular response to the Gram-negative endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and included Forkhead Box O1a (Foxo1a), Tribbles Pseudokinase 3 (Trib3), Arginase 2 (Arg2) and Polo Like Kinase 3 (Plk3).
Conclusions: Because 4-day post fertilization zebrafish embryos only have innate immune systems, the scRNAseq provides insights into pathways and genes that cell types utilize in the bacterial response. Based on our analysis, we have identified genes and pathways that might serve as genetic targets for treatment and further investigation in UPEC infections at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Rawson
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology
| | - Vijay Saxena
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology
| | - Hongyu Gao
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics
| | - Jenaya Hooks
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics
| | - Patrick McGuire
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics
| | - Takashi Hato
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology
| | - David S. Hains
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology
| | - Ryan M. Anderson
- University of Chicago, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Andrew Schwaderer, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, 699 Riley Hospital Dr., RR230, Indianapolis, IN 46202; Phone: 317-274-2527;
| | - Andrew L. Schwaderer
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology
- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Ryan M Anderson, University of Chicago, Medicine-Endocrinology, Chicago, IL 60637;
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Hains DS, Polley S, Liang D, Saxena V, Arregui S, Ketz J, Barr-Beare E, Rawson A, Spencer JD, Cohen A, Hansen PL, Tuttolomondo M, Casella C, Ditzel HJ, Cohen D, Hollox EJ, Schwaderer AL. Deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 genetic variation confers urinary tract infection risk in children and mice. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e477. [PMID: 34323417 PMCID: PMC8255058 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David S Hains
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Shamik Polley
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Vijay Saxena
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Samuel Arregui
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - John Ketz
- The Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Ashley Rawson
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - John D Spencer
- The Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ariel Cohen
- The Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pernille L Hansen
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martina Tuttolomondo
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cinzia Casella
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Daniel Cohen
- Emergency Department, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward J Hollox
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Rawson A, Wilson AC, Schwaderer AL, Spiwak E, Johnston B, Anderson S, Nailescu C, Gupta S, Christenson JC, Hains DS, Starr MC. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in two pediatric patients with kidney disease on chronic immunosuppression: A case series. Hemodial Int 2020; 25:E1-E5. [PMID: 33015942 PMCID: PMC7675317 DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a highly infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS‐CoV‐2). While children appear to experience less severe disease than adults, those with underlying conditions such as kidney disease may be more susceptible to infection. Limited data are present for children with kidney disease, and there are limited prior reports of pediatric hemodialysis patients with COVID‐19. This report describes the mild clinical disease course of COVID‐19 in two pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease, one on hemodialysis and both on chronic immunosuppression. We review treatment in these patients, as well as our measures to reduce transmission among our hemodialysis patients and staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Rawson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Amy C Wilson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrew L Schwaderer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth Spiwak
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bethanne Johnston
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Shannon Anderson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Corina Nailescu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sushil Gupta
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - John C Christenson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - David S Hains
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Michelle C Starr
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Carpenter CP, Rawson A, Hains DS, Giel DW. Resolution of Diabetes Insipidus After Pyeloplasty: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Urology 2018; 115:168-170. [PMID: 29499256 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a rare cause of polyuria and polydipsia in children, is usually managed with medications and careful monitoring of water intake. We present a child who was incidentally found to have right hydronephrosis secondary to ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and was subsequently also diagnosed with NDI. After being medically managed, he underwent open right pyeloplasty. His polydipsia abated within 1 month of surgery, and he has done well off of medications since that time. NDI resolution after correction of obstructive uropathy in adults has been reported, but this represents a novel case in pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina P Carpenter
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN; Department of Urology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
| | - Ashley Rawson
- Division of Nephrology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - David S Hains
- Division of Nephrology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Dana W Giel
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN; Department of Urology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
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Rawson A, Tiwari BK, Brunton N, Brennan C, Cullen PJ, O'Donnell CP. Application of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide to Fruit and Vegetables: Extraction, Processing, and Preservation. Food Reviews International 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2011.635389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rawson A, Tiwari BK, Tuohy MG, O'Donnell CP, Brunton N. Effect of ultrasound and blanching pretreatments on polyacetylene and carotenoid content of hot air and freeze dried carrot discs. Ultrason Sonochem 2011; 18:1172-1179. [PMID: 21486706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ultrasound and blanching pretreatments on polyacetylene (falcarinol, falcarindiol and falcarindiol-3-acetate) and carotenoid compounds of hot air and freeze dried carrot discs was investigated. Ultrasound pretreatment followed by hot air drying (UPHD) at the highest amplitude and treatment time investigated resulted in higher retention of polyacetylenes and carotenoids in dried carrot discs than blanching followed by hot air drying. Freeze dried samples had a higher retention of polyacetylene and carotenoid compounds compared to hot air dried samples. Color parameters were strongly correlated with carotenoids (p<0.05). This study shows that ultrasound pretreatment is a potential alternative to conventional blanching treatment in the drying of carrots.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rawson
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland.
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Rawson A, Patras A, Tiwari B, Noci F, Koutchma T, Brunton N. Effect of thermal and non thermal processing technologies on the bioactive content of exotic fruits and their products: Review of recent advances. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Rawson A, Tiwari B, Patras A, Brunton N, Brennan C, Cullen P, O'Donnell C. Effect of thermosonication on bioactive compounds in watermelon juice. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wilcock A, Klezlova R, Coombes S, Rawson A, Bentley R, Hooper D, Maddocks M. Identifying supportive and palliative care needs in people with a recent diagnosis of thoracic cancer: acceptability of the SPARC questionnaire. Thorax 2010; 65:937-8. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2009.131243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Rawson A, Koidis A, Patras A, Tuohy M, Brunton N. Modelling the effect of water immersion thermal processing on polyacetylene levels and instrumental colour of carrot disks. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
To develop a minimally invasive preventive measure for early osteoarthritis, the effect of melatonin on cartilage matrix synthesis of articular chondrocytes was evaluated in vitro in a pellet culture system. The chondrogenic markers were assessed using histology, TaqMan polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. Our results show that melatonin treatment yielded chondrocyte-pellets with a higher expression of chondrogenic markers consisting of collagen II, Sox 9, and aggrecan at both the mRNA and protein levels. A hypertrophic marker, collagen X, remained low. Moreover, up-regulation of internal transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) expression was observed in the melatonin-treated cells. Our data indicate, for the first time, that the administration of melatonin enhances cartilage matrix synthesis of articular chondrocytes in a serum-containing pellet culture system, likely through the TGF-beta signal pathway. Melatonin may prove to be a highly valuable addition to current therapeutic models for degenerative cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Pei
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196, USA.
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Fraser R, James VH, Landon J, Peart WS, Rawson A, Giles CA, McKay AM. Clinical and biochemical studies of a patient with a corticosterone-secreting adrenocortical tumour. Lancet 1968; 2:1116-20. [PMID: 4177163 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)91582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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