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Sanders RC, Nett ST, Davis KF, Parker MM, Bysani GK, Adu-Darko M, Bird GL, Cheifetz IM, Derbyshire AT, Emeriaud G, Giuliano JS, Graciano AL, Hagiwara Y, Hefley G, Ikeyama T, Jarvis JD, Kamat P, Krishna AS, Lee A, Lee JH, Li S, Meyer K, Montgomery VL, Nagai Y, Pinto M, Rehder KJ, Saito O, Shenoi AN, Taekema HC, Tarquinio KM, Thompson AE, Turner DA, Nadkarni VM, Nishisaki A. Family Presence During Pediatric Tracheal Intubations. JAMA Pediatr 2016; 170:e154627. [PMID: 26954533 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.4627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Family-centered care, which supports family presence (FP) during procedures, is now a widely accepted standard at health care facilities that care for children. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the practice of FP during tracheal intubation (TI) in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Family presence during procedures in PICUs has been advocated. OBJECTIVE To describe the current practice of FP during TI and evaluate the association with procedural and clinician (including physician, respiratory therapist, and nurse practitioner) outcomes across multiple PICUs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective cohort study in which all TIs from July 2010 to March 2014 in the multicenter TI database (National Emergency Airway Registry for Children [NEAR4KIDS]) were analyzed. Family presence was defined as a family member present during TI. This study included all TIs in patients younger than 18 years in 22 international PICUs. EXPOSURES Family presence and no FP during TI in the PICU. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The percentage of FP during TIs. First attempt success rate, adverse TI-associated events, multiple attempts (≥ 3), oxygen desaturation (oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry <80%), and self-reported team stress level. RESULTS A total of 4969 TI encounters were reported. Among those, 81% (n = 4030) of TIs had documented FP status (with/without). The median age of participants with FP was 2 years and 1 year for those without FP. The average percentage of TIs with FP was 19% and varied widely across sites (0%-43%; P < .001). Tracheal intubations with FP (vs without FP) were associated with older patients (median, 2 years vs 1 year; P = .04), lower Paediatric Index of Mortality 2 score, and pediatric resident as the first airway clinician (23%, n = 179 vs 18%, n = 584; odds ratio [OR], 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7). Tracheal intubations with FP and without FP were no different in the first attempt success rate (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.85-1.18), adverse TI-associated events (any events: OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.85-1.30 and severe events: OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.75-1.43), multiple attempts (≥ 3) (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.82-1.28), oxygen desaturation (oxygen saturation <80%) (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.80-1.18), or self-reported team stress level (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.92-1.31). This result persisted after adjusting for patient and clinician confounders. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Wide variability exists in FP during TIs across PICUs. Family presence was not associated with first attempt success, adverse TI-associated events, oxygen desaturation (<80%), or higher team stress level. Our data suggest that FP during TI can safely be implemented as part of a family-centered care model in the PICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C Sanders
- Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences/Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock
| | - Sholeen T Nett
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Katherine Finn Davis
- Center for Pediatric Nursing Research and Evidence Based Practice, Department of Nursing, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Margaret M Parker
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Stony Brook Children's Hospital, Stony Brook, New York
| | - G Kris Bysani
- Pediatric Acute Care Associates of North Texas PLLC, Medical City Children's Hospital, Dallas
| | | | - Geoffrey L Bird
- Division of Cardiac Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Anesthesia/Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ira M Cheifetz
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Children's Hospital, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | - Ana Lia Graciano
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Central California, Fresno
| | | | - Glenda Hefley
- Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences/Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock
| | | | - J Dean Jarvis
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Pradip Kamat
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ashwin S Krishna
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Kentucky Children's Hospital, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington
| | - Anthony Lee
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Jan Hau Lee
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Simon Li
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester, New York
| | - Keith Meyer
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Miami Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida
| | - Vicki L Montgomery
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville and Kosair Children's Hospital, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Yuki Nagai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matthew Pinto
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester, New York
| | - Kyle J Rehder
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Children's Hospital, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Osamu Saito
- Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asha N Shenoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Kentucky Children's Hospital, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington
| | | | - Keiko M Tarquinio
- Critical Care Medicine, Rhode Island/Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence
| | - Ann E Thompson
- Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics, Pittsburgh Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Turner
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Children's Hospital, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Vinay M Nadkarni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Akira Nishisaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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