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Chauhan R, Nate Z, Ike B, Kwabena Adu D, Alake J, Gill AAS, Miya L, Bachheti Thapliyal N, Karpoormath R. One pot fabrication of diamino naphthalene -AuNPs decorated graphene nanoplatform for the MRSA detection in the biological sample. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 157:108674. [PMID: 38460467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Early monitoring of MRSA can effectively mitigate the disease risk by using Penicillin-binding protein 2a (PbP2a) biomarker. Diamino naphthalene-AuNPs decorated graphene (AuNPsGO-DN) nanocomposite was synthesized for a rapid and sensitive immunosensor detecting PbP2a. The synthesized AuNPsGO-DN nanocomposites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). Electrochemical characterization done with cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Anti-PbP2a monoclonal antibodies immobilized at AuNPsGO-DN/GCE via covalent bonding. AuNPs enhanced the electrode surface area and the antibodies' loading. Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) was a linker between the AuNPs and antibodies, orientated the antibodies as opposite to the PbP2a antigen, and improved the sensitivity and specificity. The antiPbP2a/MPA/AuNPsGO-DN/GCE electrode displayed sensitive and selective detection towards the PbP2a antigen in phosphate buffer saline (PBS pH 7.4). The broad linear range from 0.01 to 8000 pg/mL was obtained with LOD of 0.154 pg/mL and 0.0239 pg/mL, respectively. A label-free, simple, and sensitive immunosensor was developed with a 98-106 % recovery rate in spiked biological samples. It shows the potential applicability of the developed immunoelectrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Zondi Nate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Blessing Ike
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Darko Kwabena Adu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - John Alake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Atal A S Gill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Lungelo Miya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Neeta Bachheti Thapliyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Gill AAS, Singh S, Nate Z, Pawar C, Chauhan R, Thapliyal NB, Karpoormath R, Patel R. One-pot synthesis of β-cyclodextrin modified silver nanoparticles for highly sensitive detection of ciprofloxacin. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 203:114219. [PMID: 34216844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study emphases on electrochemical detection of ciprofloxacin in sheep serum and runoff water using silver nanoparticle modified β-cyclodextrin (Ag-β-CD) composite. The Ag-β-CD composite was synthesized via a hydrothermal route, which resulted in a high product yield. Morphological and spectral characterizations of the Ag-β-CD composite were carried out. The Ag-β-CD composite was used to detect ciprofloxacin by employing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The Ag-β-CD modified electrode displayed excellent specificity towards the electro-oxidation of ciprofloxacin. Further, the sensor gave the best response towards the electro-oxidation of ciprofloxacin near the human physiological pH of 7.5. A linear response was obtained between the concentration range of 0.1 nM to 50 nM and the limit of detection (LOD) at 0.028 nM with high sensitivity and selectivity towards ciprofloxacin oxidation. The current work has a rationally synthesized and characterized nanocomposite with a very high potential for rapid and sensitive detection of ciprofloxacin in spiked sheep blood serum and domestic runoff water samples. High sensitivity and low LOD results illustrate good practicability for the detection of ciprofloxacin in such samples in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atal A S Gill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, X54000, South Africa
| | - Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, X54000, South Africa
| | - Zondi Nate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, X54000, South Africa
| | - Chandrakant Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, X54000, South Africa
| | - Ruchika Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, X54000, South Africa
| | - Neeta Bachheti Thapliyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, X54000, South Africa; Department of Applied Science, Women Institute of Technology, Suddhowala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, X54000, South Africa.
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Energy & Environmental Science and Engineering (EESE), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21938, South Korea
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Numan A, Gill AAS, Rafique S, Guduri M, Zhan Y, Maddiboyina B, Li L, Singh S, Nguyen Dang N. Rationally engineered nanosensors: A novel strategy for the detection of heavy metal ions in the environment. J Hazard Mater 2021; 409:124493. [PMID: 33229259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions (HMIs) have been mainly originated from natural and anthropogenic agents. It has become one of biggest societal issues due to their recognised accumulative and toxic effects in the environment as well as biological media. Key measures are required to reduce the risks posed by toxic metal pollutants existing in the environment. The increased research activities of HMIs detection, and use of technologies based on electrochemical detection that combine with engineered nanomaterials, is a key promising and innovative strategy that can potentially confine heavy metal poisoning. Deep understanding of the characteristics of the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials is highly required. It is also important to interpret the parameters at the nano-bio interface level that merely affect cross-interactions between nanomaterials and HMIs. Therefore, the authors outlined the state-of-the-art techniques that used engineeringly developed nanomaterials to detect HMIs in the environment. The possible novel applications of extensive and relatively low-cost HMIs monitoring and detection are discussed on the basis of these strengths. Finally, it is concluded by providing gist on acquaintance with facts in the present-day scenario along with highlighting areas to explore the strategies to overcome the current limitations for practical applications is useful in further generations of nano-world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshid Numan
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, SIST, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Atal A S Gill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban X54000, South Africa
| | - Saqib Rafique
- Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
| | - Manisha Guduri
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana 500043, India
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, SIST, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Balaji Maddiboyina
- Department of Pharmacy, Vishwabharathi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522009, India
| | - Lijie Li
- Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
| | - Sima Singh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; The Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam.
| | - Nam Nguyen Dang
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; The Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam.
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Gill AAS, Singh S, Thapliyal N, Karpoormath R. Nanomaterial-based optical and electrochemical techniques for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:114. [PMID: 30648216 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for a number of life-threatening complications in humans. Mutations in the genetic sequence of S. aureus due to the presence of certain genes results in resistance against β-lactamases. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing highly sensitive techniques for the early detection of MRSA to counter the rise in resistant strains. This review (142 refs.) extensively covers literature reports on nanomaterial-based optical and electrochemical sensors from the year 1983 to date, with particularly emphasis on recent advances in electrochemical sensing (such as voltammetry and impedimetric) and optical sensing (such as colorimetry and fluorometry) techniques. Among the electrochemical methods, various nanomaterials were employed for the modification of electrodes. Whereas, in optical assays, formats such as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, lateral flow assays or in optical fiber systems are common. In addition, novel sensing platforms are reported by applying advanced nanomaterials which include gold nanoparticles, nanotitania, graphene, graphene-oxide, cadmium telluride and related quantum dots, nanocomposites, upconversion nanoparticles and bacteriophages. Finally, closing remarks and an outlook conclude the review. Graphical abstract Schematic of the diversity of nanomaterial-based methods for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). AuNPs: gold nanoparticles; QDs: quantum dots; PVL: Panton-Valentine leukocidin; mecA gene: mec-gene complex encoding methicillin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atal A S Gill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Neeta Thapliyal
- Department of Applied Science, Women Institute of Technology, Sudhowala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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